Short-term signals of climate change in Italian summit vegetation: observations at two GLORIA sites

References

• Aeschimann D, Lauber K, Moser DM, Theurillat J-P. 2004. Flora Alpina. Bologna, Italy: Zanichelli.
   Google Scholar
• Aeschimann D, Rasolofo N, Theurillat J-P. 2012. Analysis of the flora of the Alps. 4: ecology. Candollea 67: 193–219.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aeschimann D, Rasolofo N, Theurillat J-P. 2013. Analyse de la flore des Alpes. 5: milieux et phytosociologie. Candollea 68: 1–25.
   Google Scholar
• Blasi C, Di Pietro R, Pelino G. 2005. The vegetation of alpine belt karst-tectonic basin in central Apennines (Italy). Plant Biosyst 139(3): 357–385.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bragazza L. 2009. Conservation priority of Italian Alpine habitats: a floristic approach based on potential distribution of vascular plant species. Biodivers Conserv 18(11): 2823–2835.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Britton AJ, Beale CM, Towers W, Hewison RL. 2009. Biodiversity gains and losses: evidence for homogenisation of Scottish alpine vegetation. Biol Conserv 142: 1728–1739.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cannone N, Sgorbati S, Guglielmini M. 2007. Unexpected impacts of climate change on alpine vegetation. Front Ecol Environ 5: 360–364.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carranza ML, Frate L, Paura B. 2012. Structure, ecology and plant richness patterns in fragmented beech forests. Plant Ecol Divers 5: 541–551.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casazza C, Barberis G, Minuto L. 2005. Ecological characteristics and rarity of endemic plants of the Italian Maritime Alps. Biol Conserv 123: 361–371.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catonica C, Manzi A. 2002. L'influenza della storia climatica e geologica recente sulla Flora d'alta quota dei gruppi montuosi del Gran Sasso e della Majella (Appennino Centrale). Rivista Piemontese di Storia Naturale 23: 19–29.
   Google Scholar
• Cavieres LA, Brooker RW, Butterfield BJ, Cook BJ, Kikvidze Z, Lortie CJ, et al. 2014. Facilitative plant interactions and climate simultaneously drive alpine plant diversity. Ecol Lett 17(2): 193–202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapin FSIII, Körner C. 1994. Arctic and alpine biodiversity: patterns, causes and ecosystem consequences. Berlin: Springer. pp. 167–181.
   Google Scholar
• Chiarucci A, Bonini I. 2005. Quantitative floristics as a tool for the assessment of plant diversity in Tuscan forests. For Ecol Manag 212: 160–170.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conti F, Abbate G, Alessandrini A, Blasi C. 2005. An annotated checklist of the Italian vascular flora. Roma: Palombi.
   Google Scholar
• Cornelissen JHC, Callaghan TV, Alatalo JM, Michelsen A, Graglia E, Hartley AE, et al. 2001. Global change and arctic ecosystems: is lichen decline a function of increases in vascular plant biomass? J Ecol 89: 984–994.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dieckmann M. 2003. Species indicator values as an important tool in applied plant ecology – a review. Basic Appl Ecol 4: 493–506.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Pietro R, Pelino G, Stanisci A, Blasi C. 2008. Phytosociological Features of Adonis distorta and Trifolium noricum subsp. praetutianum, two endemics of the Apennines (Peninsular Italy). Acta Bot Croat 67(2): 175–200.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dirnböck T, Essl F, Rabitsch W. 2011. Disproportional risk for habitat loss of high-altitude endemic species under climate change. Glob Change Biol 17(2): 990–996.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dullinger S, Kleinbauer I, Pauli H, Gottfried M, Brooker R, Nagy L, et al. 2007. Weak and variable relationships between environmental severity and small-scale co-occurrence in alpine plant communities. J Ecol 95: 1284–1295.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engler R, Randin C, Thuiller W, Dullinger S, Zimmermann NE, Araújo MB, et al. 2011. 21st climate change threatened European mountain flora. Glob Change Biol 17: 2330–2341.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein HE, Myers-Smith I, Walker DA. 2013. Recent dynamics of arctic and sub-arctic vegetation. Environ Res Lett 8: 6 pp
   Google Scholar
• Erschbamer B, Kiebache T, Mallaun M, Unterluggauer P. 2009. Short-term signals of climate change along an altitudinal gradient in the South Alps. Plant Ecol 202: 79–89.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erschbamer B, Unterluggauer P, Winkler E, Mallaun M. 2011. Changes in plant species diversity revealed by long-term monitoring on mountain summits in the Dolomites (northern Italy). Preslia 88: 387–401.
   Google Scholar
• Faverger C. 1972. Endemism in the Montane Floras of Europe. In: Valentine DH, editor. Taxonomy phytogeography and evolution. London: Academic Press. pp. 191–204.
   Google Scholar
• Fernández-Calzado R, Molero Mesa J, Merzouki A, Casares P. 2012. Vascular plant diversity and climate change in the upper zone of Sierra Nevada, Spain. Plant Biosyst 146(4): 1044–1053.
   Google Scholar
• Giraudi. 1998. Nuovi dati sul glacialismo della Majella (Abruzzo, Italia centrale). Il Quaternario 11(2): 265–271.
   Google Scholar
• Gottfried M, Pauli H, Futschik A, Akhalkatsi M, Barancok P, Benito Alonso JL, et al. 2012. Continent-wide response of mountain vegetation to climate change. Nat Clim Change 2: 111–115.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottfried M, Pauli H, Reiter K, Grabherr G. 1999. A fine-scaled predictive model for changes in species distribution patterns of high mountains plants induced by climate warming. Divers Distrib 5: 241–251.
   Google Scholar
• Grabherr G, Gottfried M, Gruber A, Pauli H. 1995. Patterns and current changes in alpine plant diversity. In: Chapin FSIII, Körner C, editors. Arctic and alpine biodiversity: patterns, causes and ecosystem consequences. Ecological Studies 113. Berlin: Springer. pp. 167–181.
   Google Scholar
• Grabherr G, Gottfried M, Pauli H. 2001. Long-term monitoring of mountain peaks in the Alps. In: Burga CA, Kratochwil A, editors. Biomonitoring: General and applied aspects on regional and global scales. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 153–177.
   Google Scholar
• Gutiérrez-Girón A, Gavilán RG. 2010. Spatial patterns and interspecific relations analysis help to better understand species distribution patterns in a Mediterranean high mountain grassland. Plant Ecol 210: 137–151.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammer Ø, Harper DAT, Ryan PD. 2001. PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontol Electron 4: 9 pp. Available: http://palaeo-electronica.org/2001_1/past/issue1_01.htm. Accessed January 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Haylock MR, Hofstra N, Klein Tank AMG, Klok EJ, Jones PD, New M. 2008. A European daily high-resolution gridded data set of surface temperature and precipitation for 1950–2006. J Geophys Res 113: 1–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holzinger B, Hülber K, Camenisch M, Grabherr G. 2008. Changes in plant species richness over the last century in the eastern Swiss Alps: elevational gradient, bedrock effects and migration rates. Plant Ecol 195: 179–196.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes PD, Woodward JC. 2008. Timing of glaciation in the Mediterranean mountains during the last cold stage. J Quat Sci 23: 575–588.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Illa E, Carrillo E, Ninot JM. 2006. Patterns of plant traits in Pyrenean alpine vegetation. Flora 201: 528–546.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IPCC. 2013. Climate change 2013: The physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Körner C. 1995. Impact of atmospheric changes on alpine vegetation: the ecophysiological perspective. In: Guisan A, Holten JI, Spichiger R, Tessier L, editors. Potential ecological impacts of climate change in the Alps and Fennoscandian mountains. Geneva: Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de Genève. pp. 113–120.
   Google Scholar
• Körner C. 2003. Alpine plant life. 2nd ed., Berlin: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Matteodo M, Wipf S, Stöckli V, Rixen C, Vittoz P. 2013. Elevation gradient of successful plant traits for colonizing alpine summits under climate change. Environ Res Lett 8(2): 24–43.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Médail F, Quézel P. 1999. Biodiversity hotspots in the Mediterranean Basin: setting global conservation priorities. Conserv Biol 13: 1510–1514.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molau U, Nordenhall U, Eriksen B. 2005. Onset of flowering and climate variability in an alpine landscape: a 10-year study from Swedish Lapland. Am J Bot 92(3): 422–431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myers-Smith IH, Forbes CB, Wilmking M, Hallinger M, Lantz T, Blok D, et al. 2011. Shrub expansion in tundra ecosystems: dynamics, impacts and research priorities. Environ Res Lett 6: 15 pp
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagy L, Grabherr G, Körner C, Thompson DBA. 2003. Alpine biodiversity in Europe. Ecological Studies. Berlin: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Nagy L. 2006. European high mountain (alpine) vegetation and its suitability for indicating climate change impacts. Biol Environ 106: 335–341.
   Google Scholar
• Palombo C, Chirici G, Marchetti M, Tognetti R. 2013. Is land abandonment affecting forest dynamics at high elevation in Mediterranean mountains more than climate change? Plant Biosyst 147: 1–11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parmesan C. 2006. Ecological and evolutionary responses to recent climate change. Annu Rev Ecol Evol S 37: 637–669.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parolo G, Rossi G. 2008. Upward migration of vascular plants following a climate warming trend in the Alps. Basic Appl Ecol 9: 100–107.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pauli H, Gottfried M, Dirnböck T, Dullinger S, Grabherr G. 2003. Assessing the long-term dynamics of endemic plants at summit habitats. In: Nagy L, Grabherr G, Körner C, Thompson DBA, editors. Alpine Biodiversity in Europe. Berlin: Springer. pp. 195–207.
   Google Scholar
• Pauli H, Gottfried M, Dullinger S, Abdaladze O, Akhalkatsi M, Alonso JLB, et al. 2012. Recent plant diversity changes on Europe's mountain summits. Science 336: 353–355.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pauli H, Gottfried M, Hohenwallner D, Reiter K, Casale R, Grabherr G. 2004. The GLORIA field manual multi-summit approach. Luxemburg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
   Google Scholar
• Pauli H, Gottfried M, Reiter K, Klettner C, Grabherr G. 2007. Signals of range expansions and contractions of vascular plants in the high Alps: observations (1994–2004) at the GLORIA master site Schrankogel, Tyrol, Austria. Glob Change Biol 13(1): 146–150.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petriccione B. 2005. Short-term changes in key plant communities of Central Apennines (Italy). Acta Bot Gallica 152: 545–561.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pignatti S. 2005. Valori di bioindicazione delle piante vascolari della flora d'Italia. Braun-Blanquetia 39: 1–97.
   Google Scholar
• Raunkiaer C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford: The Clarendon press.
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz MW, Iverson LR, Prasad AM, Matthews SN, O'Connor RJ. 2006. Predicting estinctions as a result of climate change. Ecology 87: 1611–1615.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sokal RR, Rohlf FJ. 1981. Biometry: The principles and practice of statistics in biological research. San Francisco, CA: Freeman Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stanisci A, Carranza ML, Pelino G, Chiarucci A. 2010. Assessing the diversity pattern of cryophilous plant species in high elevation habitats. Plant Ecol 212: 595–600.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanisci A, Pelino G, Blasi C. 2005. Vascular plant diversity and climate change in the alpine belt of central Apennines (Italy). Biodivers Conserv 14: 1301–1318.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theurillat J-P, Guisan A. 2001. Impact of climate change on vegetation in the European Alps: A review. Climatic Change 50: 77–109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tutin TG, Heywood VH, Burges NA, Moore DM, Valentine DH, Walters SM, et al. 1964–1980. Flora Europaea. Vols. 1–5. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• van Gils H, Conti F, Ciaschetti G, Westinga E. 2012. Fine resolution distribution modelling of endemics in Majella National Park, Central Italy. Plant Biosyst 146: 276–287.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vittoz P, Bodin J, Ungricht S, Burga CA, Walther G-R. 2008. One century of vegetation change on Isla Persa, a nunatak in the Bernina massif in the Swiss Alps. J Veg Sci 19: 671–680.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vittoz P, Camenisch M, Mayor R, Miserere L, Vust M, Theurillat J-P. 2010. Subalpine-nival gradient of species richness for vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens in the Swiss. Inner Alps Bot Helv 120: 139–149.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walther G-R, Beissner S, Burga CA. 2005. Trends in upward shift of alpine plants. J Veg Sci 16: 541–548.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilcoxon F. 1945. Individual comparisons by ranking methods. Biometrics Bull 1(6): 80–83.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar