1,258
Views
22
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Perceived organizational support as a mediator between distributive justice and sports referees’ job satisfaction and career commitment

References

  • Adams, J. S. 1965. “Inequity in Social Exchange.” In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 2 vols, edited by L. Berkowitz, 267–299. New York: Academic Press.
  • Allen, N. J., and J. P. Meyer. 1990. “The Measurement and Antecedents of Affective, Continuance and Normative Commitment to the Organization.” Journal of Occupational Psychology 63 (1): 1–18. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x
  • Allen, D., and L. Shanock. 2013. “Perceived Organizational Support and Embeddedness as Key Mechanisms Connecting Socialization Tactics to Commitment and Turnover Among New Employees.” Journal of Organizational Behavior 34 (3): 350–369. doi: 10.1002/job.1805
  • Andrew, D. P. S., M. Kim, and S. Kim. 2011. “Influence of Managerial Treatment on Volunteer Satisfaction of Older LPGA Volunteers.” International Journal of Sport Management 12 (3): 327–343.
  • Andrew, D. P. S., S. Kim, D. F. Mahony, and M. A. Hums. 2009. “Outcomes of Distributive Justice in Intercollegiate Athletics.” International Journal of Sport Management 10 (4): 474–498.
  • Andrew, D. P. S., P. M. Pedersen, and C. D. McEvoy. 2011. Research Methods and Design in Sport Management. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Bagozzi, R. P., and Y. Yi. 1988. “On the Evaluation of Structural Equation Models.” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 16 (1): 74–94. doi: 10.1007/BF02723327
  • Balmer, N. J., A. M. Nevill, A. M. Lane, P. Ward, M. A. Williams, and S. A. Fairclough. 2007. “Influence of Crowd Noise on Soccer Refereeing Consistency.” Journal of Sport Behavior 30: 130–145.
  • Bentler, P. M. 1990. “Comparative fit Indexes in Structural Models.” Psychological Bulletin 107 (2): 238–246. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238
  • Bernal, C., C. Nix, and D. Boatwright. 2012. “Sport Officials’ Longevity: Passion and Motivation for the Sport.” International Journal of Sport Management Recreation & Tourism 10 (1): 28–39. doi: 10.5199/ijsmart-1791-874X-10b
  • Blau, G. J. 1989. “Testing the Generalizability of a Career Commitment Measure and its Impact on Employee Turnover.” Journal of Vocational Behavior 35 (1): 88–103. doi: 10.1016/0001-8791(89)90050-X
  • Blau, P. M. 1964. Exchange and Power in Social Life. New York: Wiley.
  • Brackenridge, C., A. Pitchford, and Wilson, M. 2011. “ Respect: Results of a Pilot Project Designed to Improve Behaviour in English Football.” Managing Leisure 16 (3): 175–191. doi: 10.1080/13606719.2011.583406
  • Brown, S. P., and R. A. Peterson. 1993. “Antecedents and Consequences of Salesperson job Satisfaction: Meta-Analysis and Assessment of Causal Effects.” Journal of Marketing Research 30 (1): 63–77. doi: 10.2307/3172514
  • Carmines, E. G., and J. P. McIver. 1981. “Analyzing Models with Unobserved Variables.” Social Measurement: Current Issues 65–115.
  • Chelladurai, P. 2006. Human Resource Management in Sport and Recreation. 2nd ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Christen, M., G. Iyer, and D. Soberman. 2006. “Job Satisfaction, Job Performance, and Effort: A Reexamination Using Agency Theory.” Journal of Marketing 70 (1): 37–150. doi: 10.1509/jmkg.2006.70.1.137
  • Coban, B. 2010. “An Evaluation of the Job Satisfaction Levels of Turkish Provincial Football Referees.” Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal 38 (9): 1153–1165. doi: 10.2224/sbp.2010.38.9.1153
  • Cohen-Charash, Y., and P. E. Spector. 2001. “The Role of Justice in Organizations: A Meta-Analysis.” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 86 (2): 278–321. doi: 10.1006/obhd.2001.2958
  • Colquitt, J. A., D. E. Conlon, M. J. Wesson, C. O. L. H. Porter, and K. Y. Ng. 2001. “Justice at the Millennium: A Meta-Analysis Review of 25 Years of Organizational Justice Research.” Journal of Applied Psychology 86 (3): 425–445. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.425
  • Curry, J., D. Wakefield, J. Price, and C. Mueller. 1986. “On the Causal Ordering of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment.” Academy of Management Journal 29 (4): 847–858. doi: 10.2307/255951
  • Cuskelly, G., and R. Hoye. 2004. Problems and Issues in the Recruitment and Retention of Sport Officials. Canberra: Australian Sports Commission.
  • Cuskelly, G., and R. Hoye. 2013. “Sports Officials’ Intention to Continue.” Sport Management Review 16 (4): 451–464. doi: 10.1016/j.smr.2013.01.003
  • Dam, K. V. 2005. “Employee Attitudes Toward Job Changes: An Application and Extension of Rusbult and Farrell's Investment Model.” Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 78: 253–272. doi: 10.1348/096317904X23745
  • DeConinck, J. B., and C. D. Stilwell. 2004. “Incorporating Organizational Justice, Role States, Pay Satisfaction and Supervisor Satisfaction in A Model of Turnover Intentions.” Journal of Business Research 57 (3): 225–231. doi: 10.1016/S0148-2963(02)00289-8
  • Dittmore, S. W., D. F. Mahony, D. P. S. Andrew, and M. A. Hums. 2009. “Examining Fairness Perceptions of Financial Resource Allocation in U.S. Olympic Sport.” Journal of Sport Management 23 (4): 429–456. doi: 10.1123/jsm.23.4.429
  • Dixon, M., and M. Sagas. 2007. “The Relationship Between Organizational Support, Work-Family Conflict, and the Job-Life Satisfaction of University Coaches.” Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 78 (3): 236–247. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2007.10599421
  • Dohmen, T. 2008. “The Influence of Social Forces: Evidence From the Behavior of Football Referees.” Economic Inquiry 46 (3): 411–424. doi: 10.1111/j.1465-7295.2007.00112.x
  • Dorsch, K., and D. Paskevich. 2007. “Stressful Experiences Among Six Certification Levels of Ice Hockey Officials.” Psychology of Sport and Exercise 8 (4): 585–593. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2006.06.003
  • Edwards, B. D., S. T. Bell, W. ArthurJr., and A. D. Decuir. 2008. “Relationships Between Facets of Job Satisfaction and Task and Contextual Performance.” Applied Psychology: An International Review 57 (3): 441–465. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-0597.2008.00328.x
  • Eisenberger, R., S. Armeli, B. Rexwinkel, P. D. Lynch, and L. Rhoades. 2001. “Reciprocation of Perceived Organizational Support.” Journal of Applied Psychology 86 (1): 42–51. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.42
  • Eisenberger, R., R. Huntington, S. Hutchinson, and D. Sowa. 1986. “Perceived Organizational Support.” Journal of Applied Psychology 71 (3): 500–507. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.500
  • Farmer, S. M., and D. B. Fedor. 1999. “Volunteer Participation and Withdrawal.” Nonprofit Management and Leadership 9 (4): 349–368. doi: 10.1002/nml.9402
  • Folkesson, F., C. Nyberg, T. Archer, and T. Norlander. 2002. “Soccer Referees' Experience of Threat and Aggression: Effects of Age, Experience and Life Orientation on Outcome of Coping Strategy.” Aggressive Behavior 28 (4): 317–327. doi: 10.1002/ab.90028
  • Forbes, S., and L. Livingston. 2013. “Changing the Call: Rethinking Attrition and Retention in the Ice Hockey Officiating Ranks.” Sport in Society 16 (3): 295–309. doi: 10.1080/17430437.2013.779854
  • Friman, M., C. Nyberg, and T. Norlander. 2004. “Threats and Aggression Directed at Soccer Referees: An Empirical Phenomenological Psychological Study.” The Qualitative Report 9 (4): 652–672.
  • Gencay, S. 2009. “Magnitude of Psychological Stress Reported by Soccer Referees.” Social Behavior and Personality 37: 865–868. doi: 10.2224/sbp.2009.37.7.865
  • Goldsmith, P. A., and J. M. Williams. 1992. “Perceived Stressor for Football and Volleyball Officials from Three Rating Levels.” Journal of Sport Behavior 15: 106–118.
  • Gouldner, A. W. 1960. “The Norm of Reciprocity.” American Sociological Review 25 (2): 161–178. doi: 10.2307/2092623
  • Graham, M. (2009). “Abuse Leads 7,000 Refs a Year to Quit.” (The Observer, March 8). http://www.theguardian.com/football/2009/mar/08/football-referees.
  • Greenberg, J., and J. A. Colquitt. 2005. Handbook of Organizational Justice. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Grunska, J. 2002. “The Official's Role in Promoting Sportsmanship: The Official's Role Should be that of a Gentle Persuader, not Harsh Martinet.” Referee 27: 14.
  • Hair, J. F., R. E. Anderson, R. L. Tatham, and W. C. Black. 2005. Multivariate Data Analysis. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Harman, W. S., T. W. Lee, T. R. Mitchell, W. Phelps, and B. P. Owens. 2007. “The Psychology of Voluntary Employee Turnover.” Current Directions in Psychological Science 16: 51–54. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00474.x
  • Hu, L., and P. M. Bentler. 1999. “Cutoff Criteria for Fit Indexes in Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versus New Alternatives.” Structural Equation Modeling 6 (1): 1–55. doi: 10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Hums, M. A., and P. Chelladurai. 1994. “Distributive Justice in Intercollegiate Athletics: Development of an Instrument.” Journal of Sport Management 8 (3): 190–199. doi: 10.1123/jsm.8.3.190
  • Jordan, J. S., B. A. Turner, and R. R. DuBord. 2007. “Organizational Justice as A Predictor of Job Satisfaction: An Examination of University Recreation Department Student Employees.” International Journal of Sport Management 8 (1): 32–54.
  • Jordan, J. S., B. A. Turner, and S. M. Pack. 2009. “The Influence of Organizational Justice on Perceived Organizational Support in A University Recreational Sports Setting.” International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing 6 (1): 106–123. doi: 10.1504/IJSMM.2009.026759
  • Judge, T. A., E. A. Locke, C. C. Durham, and A. N. Kluger. 1998. “Dispositional Effects on Job and Life Satisfaction: The Role of Core Evaluations.” Journal of Applied Psychology 83 (1): 17–34. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.83.1.17
  • Judge, T. A., R. F. Piccolo, N. P. Podsakoff, J. C. Shaw, and B. L. Rich. 2010. “The Relationship Between Pay and Job Satisfaction: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature.” Journal of Vocational Behavior 77 (2): 157–167. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2010.04.002
  • Karatepe, O. 2012. “Perceived Organizational Support, Career Satisfaction, and Performance Outcomes: A Study of Hotel Employees in Cameroon.” International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 24 (5): 735–752. doi: 10.1108/09596111211237273
  • Kerwin, S., J. S. Jordan, and B. A. Turner. 2015. “Organizational Justice and Conflict: Do Perceptions of Fairness Influence Disagreement?” Sport Management Review 18 (3): 384–395. doi: 10.1016/j.smr.2014.10.005
  • Kim, S., and D. P. S. Andrew. 2015. “Relationships Between Organizational Justice and Coaches’ Attitudinal Outcomes in Intercollegiate Athletics.” International Journal of Sport Science and Coaching 10 (2+3): 305–326. doi: 10.1260/1747-9541.10.2-3.305
  • Kim, S., D. P. S. Andrew, C. Lee, and J. Lee. 2014. “The Impact of Perceived Event Prestige on Volunteer Commitment and Satisfaction at a Mega Sporting Event.” International Journal of Sport Management 15 (4): 438–461.
  • Kline, R. B. 2010. “Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Lavelle, J. J., D. E. Rupp, and J. Brockner. 2007. “Taking a Multifoci Approach to the Study of Justice, Social Exchange, and Citizenship Behavior: The Target Similarity Model.” Journal of Management 33 (6): 841–866. doi: 10.1177/0149206307307635
  • Locke, E. A. 1976. “The nature and causes of job satisfaction.” In Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, edited by M. D. Dunnette, 1297–1349. Chicago: Rand McNally.
  • Mahony, D. F., M. A. Hums, D. P. S. Andrew, and S. W. Dittmore. 2010. “Organizational Justice in Sport.” Sport Management Review 13 (2): 91–105. doi: 10.1016/j.smr.2009.10.002
  • McFarlin, D. B., and P. D. Sweeney. 1992. “Distributive and Procedural Justice as Predictors of Satisfaction with Personal and Organizational Outcomes.” The Academy of Management Journal 35 (3): 626–637. doi: 10.2307/256489
  • Meyer, J. P., and N. J. Allen. 1991. “A Three-Component Conceptualization of Organizational Commitment.” Human Resource Management Review 1 (1): 61–89. doi: 10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z
  • Meyer, J. P., D. J. Stanley, L. Herscovitch, and L. Topolnytsky. 2002. “Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organization: A Meta-Analysis of Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences.” Journal of Vocational Behavior 61 (1): 20–52. doi: 10.1006/jvbe.2001.1842
  • Nunnally, J. C., and I. H. Bernstein. 1994. “Psychometric Theory. 3rd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • Parasuraman, A., L. L. Berry, and V. A. Zeithaml. 1991. “Refinement and Reassessment of the SERVQUAL Scale.” Journal of Retailing 67 (4): 420–450.
  • Poon, J. 2004. “Career Commitment and Career Success: Moderating Role of Emotion Perception.” Career Development International 9 (4): 374–390. doi: 10.1108/13620430410544337
  • Rainey, D. W., and P. Duggan. 1998. “Assaults on Basketball Referees: A State-Wide Survey.” Journal of Sport Behavior 21 (1): 113–120.
  • Rainey, D. W., and L. Hardy. 1999. “Sources of Stress, Burnout, and Intention to Terminate among Rugby Union Referees.” Journal of Sports Sciences 17 (10): 797–806. doi: 10.1080/026404199365515
  • Rhoades, L., and R. Eisenberger. 2002. “Perceived Organizational Support: A Review of the Literature.” Journal of Applied Psychology 87 (4): 698–714. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.698
  • Roch, S. G., and L. R. Shanock. 2006. “Organizational Justice in an Exchange Framework: Clarifying Organizational Justice Distinctions.” Journal of Management 32 (2): 299–322. doi: 10.1177/0149206305280115
  • Scanlan, T. K., P. J. Carpenter, G. W. Schmidt, J. P. Simons, and B. Keeler. 1993. “An Introduction to the Sport Commitment Model.” Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology 15: 1–15. doi: 10.1123/jsep.15.1.1
  • Shah, N. 2011. “Investigating Employee Career Commitment Factors in A Public Sector Organization of A Developing Country.” Journal of Enterprise Information Management 24 (6): 534–546. doi: 10.1108/17410391111166567
  • Shanock, S., and R. Eisenberger. 2006. “When Supervisors Feel Supported: Relationships with Subordinates’ Perceived Supervisor Support, Perceived Organizational Support and Performance.” Journal of Applied Psychology 91 (3): 689–695. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.91.3.689
  • Smucker, M. K., and A. Kent. 2004. “Job Satisfaction and Referent Comparisons in the Sport Industry.” International Journal of Sport Management 5: 262–280.
  • Sobel, M. E. 1982. “Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models.” In Sociological Methodology, edited by S. Leinhardt, 290–312. Washington, DC: American Sociological Association.
  • Spector, P. E. 1997. Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Cause, and Consequences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Stinglhamber, F., and C. Vandenberghe. 2003. “Organizations and Supervisors as Sources of Support and Targets of Commitment: A Longitudinal Study.” Journal of Organizational Behavior 24 (3): 251–270. doi: 10.1002/job.192
  • Swayne, L. E., and M. Dodds, eds. 2011. Encyclopedia of Sports Management and Marketing. 1–4 vols. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Sweeney, P. D., and D. B. McFarlin. 1993. “Workers’ Evaluations of the ‘Ends’ and the ‘Means’: An Examination of Four Models of Distributive and Procedural Justice.” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Process 55 (1): 23–40. doi: 10.1006/obhd.1993.1022
  • Tekleab, A. G., R. Takeuchi, and M. S. Taylor. 2005. “Extending the Chain of Relationships among Organizational Justice, Social Exchange, and Employee Reaction: The Role of Contract Violations.” The Academy of Management Journal 48 (1): 146–157. doi: 10.5465/AMJ.2005.15993162
  • The Football Association. 2011. National Game Strategy. London: The Football Association.
  • Tingle, J. K., S. Warner, and M. L. Sartore-Baldwin. 2014. “The Experience of Former Officials and the Impact of the Sporting Community.” Sex Roles 71: 7–20. doi: 10.1007/s11199-014-0366-8
  • Voight, M. 2009. “Sources of Stress and Coping Strategies of US Soccer Officials.” Stress and Health 25 (1): 91–101. doi: 10.1002/smi.1231
  • Warner, S., J. Tingle, and P. Kellett. 2013. “Officiating Attrition: The Experiences of Former Referees via A Sport Development Lens.” Journal of Sport Management 27 (4): 316–328. doi: 10.1123/jsm.27.4.316
  • Whisenant, W., and J. S. Jordan. 2006. “Organizational Justice and Team Performance in Interscholastic Athletics.” Applied Research in Coaching and Athletics Annual 21: 55–82.
  • Whisenant, W., and M. Smucker. 2007. “Organizational Justice and Job Satisfaction: Perceptions among High School Coaches of Girls’ Teams.” Research in Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sport & Dance 2 (2): 47–53.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.