Outdoor recreation in a Regional Park: types of hikers, ski tourers and snowshoers in the Hautes-Bauges (Savoie, France)

References

• Ankre, R., P. Fredman, and A. Lindhgen. 2016. “Managers’ Experiences of Visitor Monitoring in Swedish Outdoor Recreational Areas.” Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 14: 35–40. doi: 10.1016/j.jort.2016.04.008
   Google Scholar
• Arnould, E. J., and L. Price. 1993. “River Magic: Extraordinary Experience and the Extended Service Encounter.” Journal of Consumer Research 20: 24–45. doi: 10.1086/209331
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Audinet, L., C. Guibert, and A. Sébileau. 2017. Les « sports de nature ». Vulaines-sur-Seine: Editions du Croquant.
   Google Scholar
• Augustin, J. P. 2011. “Qu’est-ce que le sport ? Cultures sportives et géographie.” Annales de géographie 680: 361–382. doi: 10.3917/ag.680.0361
   Google Scholar
• Beedie, P., and S. Hudson. 2003a. “Emergence of Mountain-based Adventure Tourism.” Annals of Tourism Research 30 (3): 625–643. doi: 10.1016/S0160-7383(03)00043-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beedie, P., and S. Hudson. 2003b. Sport and Adventure Tourism. New York: The Haworth Press.
   Google Scholar
• Berbeka, J. 2018. “The Value of Remote Arctic Destinations for Backcountry Skiers.” Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 18 (4): 393–418. doi: 10.1080/15022250.2018.1522728
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bessy, O. 2008. “La mise en loisir du sport. L’ambiguïté des pratiques.” In Loisirs, sports et sociétés. Regards croisés, edited by G. Ferreol and G. Vieille-Marchiset, 43–54. Besançon: Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté.
   Google Scholar
• Blanchet, A., and A. Gotman. 2005. L’enquête et ses méthodes: l’entretien. Paris: Armand Colin.
   Google Scholar
• Borgers, J., E. Thibaut, H. Vandermeerschen, B. Vanreusel, S. Vos, and J. Scheerder. 2015. “Sport Participation Styles Revisited: A Time-trend Study in Belgium from the 1970s to the 2000s.” International Review for the Sociology of Sport 50 (1): 45–63. doi: 10.1177/1012690212470823
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. 1979. La distinction. Critique sociale du jugement. Paris: Ed. de minuit.
   Google Scholar
• Breivik, G. 2010. “Trends in Adventure Sports in a Post-modern Society.” Sport in Society 13: 260–273. doi: 10.1080/17430430903522970
   Google Scholar
• Corneloup, J. 2003. “Les cultures sportives de la montagne d’aujourd’hui et de demain.” In Les Pyrénées entre deux mondes, edited by F. Bartczak and J. Rage, 133–158. Perpignan: Presses universitaires de Perpignan.
   Google Scholar
• Di Franco, G. 2016. “Multiple Correspondence Analysis: One Only or Several Techniques?” Quality & Quantity – International Journal of Methodology 50 (3): 1299–1315. doi: 10.1007/s11135-015-0206-0
   Google Scholar
• Ewert, A., K. Gilberston, Y. C. Luo, and A. Voight. 2013. “Beyong ‘Because It’s There’: Motivations for Pursuing Adventure Recreational Activities.” Journal of Leisure Research 45 (1): 91–111. doi: 10.18666/jlr-2013-v45-i1-2944
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher, R. 2008. “Living on the Edge: The Appeal of Risk Sports for the Professional Middle Class.” Sociology of Sport Journal 25: 310–330. doi: 10.1123/ssj.25.3.310
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganassali, S. 2007. Les enquêtes par questionnaire avec Sphinx. Paris: Broché.
   Google Scholar
• Ghiglione, B., and R. Matalon. 1991. Les enquêtes sociologiques. Théories et pratique. Paris: Armand Colin.
   Google Scholar
• Green, K., M. Thurston, and O. Vaage. 2015. “Isn’t it Good, Norwegian Wood? Lifestyle and Adventure Sports Participation among Norwegian Youth.” Leisure Studies 34 (5): 529–546. doi: 10.1080/02614367.2014.938771
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gundersen, V., M. Mehmetoglu, O. I. Vistad, and O. Andersen. 2015. “Linking Visitor Motivation with Attitude Towards Management Restrictions on Use in a National Park.” Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 9: 77–86. doi: 10.1016/j.jort.2015.04.004
   Google Scholar
• Hardiman, N., and S. Burgin. 2010. “Visit Impacts and Canyon Management in the Blue Mountains, Australia: Canyoners’ Perspectives and Wilderness Management.” Managing Leisure 15 (4): 264–278. doi: 10.1080/13606719.2010.508667
   Google Scholar
• Hardiman, N., and S. Burgin. 2011. “Canyoning Adventure Recreation in the Blue Mountains World Heritage Area (Australia): The Canyoners and Canyoning Trends Over the Last Decade.” Tourism Management 32 (6): 1324–1331. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2011.01.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heer, C., H. P. Rusterholz, and B. Baur. 2003. “Forest Perception and Knowledge of Hikers and Mountain Bikers in Two Different Areas in Northwestern Switzerland.” Environmental Management 31 (6): 709–723. doi: 10.1007/s00267-003-3002-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holland-Smith, D. 2014. “‘All the Places We Were Not Supposed to Go’: A Case Study of Formative Class and Gender Habitus in Adventure Climbing.” Sport, Education and Society 21 (8): 1176–1192. doi: 10.1080/13573322.2014.994177
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humberstone, B., H. Prince, and K. A. Henderson. 2015. Routledge International Handbook of Outdoor Studies. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Immoos, U., and M. Hunziker. 2015. “The Effect of Communicative and On-site Measures on the Behaviour of Winter Sports Participants Within Protected Mountain Areas – Results of a Field Experiment.” Eco.mont–Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research and Management 7 (1): 17–25. doi: 10.1553/eco.mont-7-1s17
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jorand, D. 2000. “Histoire et sociologie du vol libre français. Structure, oppositions, enjeux.” PhD en STAPS, Université de Paris Sud Orsay.
   Google Scholar
• Kay, S., and S. Laberge. 2002. “The ‘New’ Corporate Habitus in Adventure Racing.” International Review for the Sociology of Sport 37 (1): 17–36. doi: 10.1177/1012690202037001002
   Google Scholar
• Kerr, J. H., and S. Houge Mackenzie. 2012. “Multiple Motives for Participating in Adventure Sports.” Psychology of Sport and Exercise 13: 649–657. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.04.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, H., and H. Song. 2017. “Measuring Hiking Specialization and Identification of Latent Profiles of Hikers.” Landscape and Ecological Engineering 13 (1): 59–68. doi: 10.1007/s11355-016-0301-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ko, Y. J., H. Park, and C. L. Claussen. 2008. “Action Sports Participation: Consumer Motivation.” International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship 9: 111–124.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lahire, B. 2004. “Sociologie dispositionnaliste et sport. Généralistes et Spécialistes.” In Dispositions et pratiques sportives, edited by J. Defrance and J. P. Clément, 23–33. Paris: L’Harmattan.
   Google Scholar
• Lahire, B. 2006. La culture des individus. Dissonances culturelles et distinction de soi. Paris: La découverte.
   Google Scholar
• Lahire, B. 2007. L’esprit sociologique. Paris: La Découverte.
   Google Scholar
• Lahire, B. 2013. Dans les plis singuliers du social. Individus, Institutions, Socialisations. Paris: La Découverte.
   Google Scholar
• Lapierre, A. 1981. Sports de pleine nature et pratiques sociales. Analyse socioculturelle du canoë-kayak et de l’escalade. Paris: Mémoire pour le diplôme de l’INSEP.
   Google Scholar
• Laurendeau, J., and N. Sharara. 2008. “Women Could Be Every Bit as Good as Guys: Reproductive and Resistant Agency in Two ‘Action’ Sports.” Journal of Sport & Social Issues 32 (1): 24–47. doi: 10.1177/0193723507307819
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, KoFan, R. Mowatt, K. Goff, C. Novotny, A. Rivin, and A. Walter. 2016. “The Perceptions and Reflections on Racial/Ethnicity Diversity in Outdoor Recreation.” Journal of Cultural Diversity 23 (4): 158–164.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lefèvre, B. 2004. “Contribution to the Study of the Social Structure of High-altitude Mountain Activities: Example of Users in the Mont-blanc Massif.” Journal of Alpine Research 92 (4): 76–85.
   Google Scholar
• Lefèvre, B., and F. Ohl. 2012. “Consuming Sports: Distinction, Univorism and Omnivorism.” Sport in Society 15: 44–63. doi: 10.1080/03031853.2011.625276
   Google Scholar
• Manning, R. E. 2010. Studies in Outdoor Recreation: Search and Research for Satisfaction. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nétumières, F. 1997. “Méthodes de regression et analyse factorielle.” Histoire & Mesure 12 (3/4): 271–297. doi: 10.3406/hism.1997.1547
   Google Scholar
• O’Connell, T. S. 2010. “The Effets of Age, Gender and Level Experience on Motivation to Sea Kayak.” Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning 10 (1): 51–66. doi: 10.1080/14729671003669289
   Google Scholar
• Ohl, F., and M. Taks. 2008. “La consommation sportive. Etat des lieux.” Revue française de marketing 219: 27–46.
   Google Scholar
• Paillé, P., and A. Mucchielli. 2003. L’analyse qualitative en sciences humaines et sociales. Paris: Armand Colin.
   Google Scholar
• Penin, N. 2007. ““Sports à risque”: production, permanences et résistances à la domination masculine.” Nouvelles questions féministes 26: 90–105. doi: 10.3917/nqf.261.0090
   Google Scholar
• Penin, N. 2012. Les sports à risque. Sociologie du risque, de l’engagement et du genre. Arras: Artois Presses Université.
   Google Scholar
• Pigram, J., and J. M. Jenkins. 2006. Outdoor Recreation Management. New-York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Pociello, C. 1981. Sports et société. Approche socioculturelle des pratiques. Paris: Vigot.
   Google Scholar
• Pociello, C. 1995. Les cultures sportives. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
   Google Scholar
• Pociello, C. 2015. “« Nouvelles pratiques, nouvelles valeurs » : essai sur la transformation de quelques « milieux de culture » sportifs après les années 1980.” STAPS 107: 13–31. doi: 10.3917/sta.107.0013
   Google Scholar
• Pomfret, G., and B. Bramwell. 2014. “The Charactéristics and Motivational Decisions of Outdoor Adventure Tourists: A Review and Analysis.” Current Issues in Tourism 19 (14): 1447–1478. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2014.925430
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson, V. 2004. “Taking Risks: Identity, Masculinities and Rock Climbing.” In Understanding Lifestyle Sports. Consumption, Identity and Difference, edited by B. Wheaton, 113–130. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Roult, R., N. Domergue, D. Auger, and J.-M. Adjizian. 2017. “Cross-country Skiing by Quebecers and Where They Practice: Towards ‘Dwelling’ Outdoor Recreational Tourism.” Leisure/Loisir 41 (1): 69–89. doi: 10.1080/14927713.2017.1338160
   Google Scholar
• Salome, L., and M. Van Bottenburg. 2012. “Are They all Daredevils? Introducing a Participation Typology for the Consumption of Lifestyle Sports in Different Settings.” European Sport Management Quarterly 12 (1): 19–42. doi: 10.1080/16184742.2011.637171
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sport England. 2015. Getting Active Outdoors: A Study of Demography, Motivation, Participation and Provision in Outdoor Sport and Recreation in England.
   Google Scholar
• Stebbins, R. A. 2007. Serious Leisure: A Perspective for Our Time. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
   Google Scholar
• Stoddart, M. 2010. “Constructing Masculinized Sportscapes: Skiing, Gender and Nature in British Columbia, Canada.” International Review for the Sociology of Sport 46 (1): 108–124. doi: 10.1177/1012690210373541
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suchet, A. 2009. “Relations de genre et masculinités dans les pratiques de canyoning.” In Femmes et hommes dans les sports de montagne, edited by C. Ottogalli-Mazzacavallo and J. Saint-Martin, 391–408. Grenoble: Maison des Sciences de l'Homme des Alpes.
   Google Scholar
• Suchet, A., and D. Jorand. 2009. “La fréquentation des sites naturels de canyoning: une approche socio-culturelle.” Karstologia 26 (53): 15–26. doi: 10.3406/karst.2009.2645
   Google Scholar
• Thiéry, P. 2013. “Les sports de nature en France en 2011.” Stat-info 13-04.
   Google Scholar
• Thorpe, H. 2005. “Jibbing the Gender Order: Females in the Snowboarding Culture.” Sport in Society 8: 76–100. doi: 10.1080/1743043052000316632
   Google Scholar
• Torbidoni, E. I. F. 2011. “Managing for Recreational Experience Opportunities: The Case of Hikers in Protected Areas in Catalonia, Spain.” Environmental Management 47 (3): 482–496. doi: 10.1007/s00267-010-9606-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheaton, B. 2004. “Introduction: Mapping the Lifestyle Sport-scape.” In Understanding Lifestyle Sports. Consumption, Identity and Difference, edited by B. Wheaton, 7–8. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Wheaton, B. 2010. “Introducing the Consumption and Representation of Lifestyle Sports.” Sport in Society 13: 1057–1081. doi: 10.1080/17430431003779965
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheaton, B. 2014. The Consumption and Representation of Lifestyle Sports. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar