982
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Identifying health inequalities between Māori and non‐Māori using mortality tables

, , &
Pages 103-114 | Received 17 Sep 2008, Accepted 05 Apr 2009, Published online: 19 Apr 2010

References

  • Abernethy , J . 1998 . Gompertzian mortality originates in the winding down of the Mitotic clock . Journal of Theoretical Biology , 92 : 419 – 435 .
  • Anson , J . 1988 . The parameters of death: a consideration of the quantity of information in a life table using a polynomial representation of the survivorship curve . Statistics in Medicine , 7 : 895 – 912 .
  • Ardagh , M and Richardson , S . 2004 . Emergency department overcrowding—can we fix it? . Journal of the New Zealand Medical Association , 117 (1189) : 6
  • Bebbington , M , Lai , CD and Zitikis , R . 2005 . Estimating the turning points of failure rate and mean residual life functions . Communications in Dependability and Quality Management , 8 : 11 – 15 .
  • Bebbington , M , Lai , CD and Zitikis , R . 2006a . Useful periods for lifetime distributions with bathtub shaped hazard rate functions . IEEE Transactions on Reliability , 55 : 245 – 251 .
  • Bebbington , M , Lai , CD and Zitikis , R . Changing phases of human life expectancy: can we find them mathematically? . Proceedings of the WIDER Conference on Advancing Health Equity . September 29–30 2006 , Helsinki, Finland. World Institute for Development Economics Research . Helsinki
  • Bebbington , M , Lai , CD and Zitikis , R . 2007a . A flexible Weibull extension . Reliability Engineering and System Safety , 92 : 719 – 726 .
  • Bebbington , M , Lai , CD and Zitikis , R . 2007b . Modeling human mortality using mixtures of bathtub shaped failure distributions . Journal of Theoretical Biology , 245 : 528 – 538 .
  • Bebbington , M , Lai , CD and Zitikis , R . 2008 . Reduction in mean residual life in the presence of a constant competing risk . Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry , 24 : 51 – 63 .
  • Benjamin , B and Haycocks , HW . 1970 . The analysis of mortality and other actuarial statistics , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Blakely , T , Tobias , M , Robson , B , Ajwani , S , Bonné , N and Woodward , A . 2005 . Widening ethnic mortality disparities in New Zealand 1981–99 . Social Science and Medicine , 61 : 2233 – 2251 .
  • Blakely , T , Fawcett , J , Hunt , D and Wilson , N . 2006 . What is the contribution of smoking and socioeconomic position to ethnic inequalities in mortality in New Zealand? . Lancet , 368 : 44 – 52 .
  • Blakely , T , Atkinson , J and Fawcett , J . 2008a . Ethnic counts on mortality and census data (mostly) agree for 2001–2004: New Zealand census—mortality study update . New Zealand Medical Journal , 121 : 58 – 62 .
  • Blakely , T , Tobias , M and Atkinson , J . 2008b . Inequalities in mortality during and after restructuring of the New Zealand economy: repeated cohort studies . British Medical Journal , 336 : 371 – 375 .
  • Callister , P , Didham , R , Potter , D and Blakely , T . 2007 . Measuring ethnicity in New Zealand: developing tools for health outcomes analysis . Ethnicity and Health , 12 : 299 – 320 .
  • Charlesworth , B and Partridge , L . 1997 . Ageing: levelling of the Grim Reaper . Current Biology , 7 : R440 – R442 .
  • Crimmins , EM . 1996 . Mixed trends in population health among older adults . Journal of Gerontology , 51B : S223 – S225 .
  • Davis , P , Graham , P and Pearce , N . 1999 . Health expectancy in New Zealand, 1981–1991: social variations and trends in a period of rapid social and economic change . Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health , 53 : 519 – 527 .
  • Daw , RH . 1979 . Smallpox and the double decrement table: a piece of actuarial pre‐history . Journal of the Institute of Actuaries , 106 : 299 – 318 .
  • Dolejs , J . 1997 . The extension of Gompertz law's validity . Mechanisms of Ageing and Development , 99 : 233 – 244 .
  • Durie , M . 1998 . Whaiora: Māori development , 2nd ed. , Auckland : Oxford University Press .
  • Durie , M . 2001 . Mauri Ora: the dynamics of Māori health , Auckland : Oxford University Press .
  • Ellison‐Loschmann , L and Pearce , N . 2006 . Improving access to health care among New Zealand's Māori population . American Journal of Public Health , 96 : 612 – 617 .
  • Elston , JS . 1923 . Survey of mathematical formulas that have been used to express a law of mortality . The Record , 1 : 66 – 86 .
  • Gavrilov , LA and Gavrilova , NS . 1991 . The biology of life span: a quantitative approach , New York : Harwood Academic Publisher .
  • Gavrilov , LA and Gavrilo va , NS . 2001 . The reliability theory of aging and longevity . Journal of Theoretical Biology , 213 : 527 – 545 .
  • Gompertz , B . 1825 . On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality, and on a new mode of determining the value of life contingencies . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London , 115 : 513 – 585 .
  • Graunt , J . 1662 . Natural and political observations made upon the bills of mortality , London : T. Roycroft .
  • Halley , E . 1693 . An estimate of the degrees of the mortality of mankind, drawn from curious tables of the births and funerals of the city of Breslaw; with an attempt to ascertain the price of annuities upon lives . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society , 17 : 596 – 610 .
  • Heligman , L and Pollard , JH . 1980 . The age pattern of mortality . Journal of the Institute of Actuaries , 107 : 49 – 80 .
  • Hill , SE , Blakely , T , Kawachi , I and Woodward , A . 2007 . Mortality among lifelong nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke at home: cohort data and sensitivity analyses . American Journal of Epidemiology , 165 : 530 – 540 .
  • Howden‐Chapman , P , Crane , J , Matheson , A , Viggers , H , Cunningham , M , Blakely , T , O'Dea , D , Cunningham , C , Woodward , A , Saville‐Smith , K , Baker , M and Waipara , N . 2005 . Retrofitting houses with insulation to reduce health inequalities: aims and methods of a clustered, randomised community‐based trial . Social Science and Medicine , 61 : 2600 – 2610 .
  • Jatrana , S and Blakely , T . 2008 . Ethnic inequalities in mortality among the elderly in New Zealand . Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health , 32 : 437 – 443 .
  • Jeffreys , M , Stevanovic , V , Tobias , M , Lewis , C , Ellison‐Loschmann , L , Pearce , N and Blakely , T . 2005 . Ethnic inequalities in cancer survival in New Zealand: linkage study . American Journal of Public Health , 95 : 834 – 837 .
  • Lai , CD and Xie , M . 2006 . Stochastic ageing and dependence for reliability , New York : Springer .
  • Lai , CD , Zhang , LY and Xie , M . 2004 . Mean residual life and other properties of Weibull related bathtub shaped failure rate distributions . International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering , 11 : 113 – 132 .
  • Lambe , J . 1998 . Smoking kills 31% of Māori . New Zealand Medical Journal , 111 : 327
  • Luder , HU . 1993 . Onset of human aging estimated from hazard functions associated with various causes of death . Mechanisms of Ageing and Development , 67 : 247 – 259 .
  • McPherson , KM , Harwood , M and McNaughton , HK . 2003 . Ethnicity, equality and quality: lessons from New Zealand . British Medical Journal , 327 : 443 – 444 .
  • Makeham , WL . 1867 . On the law of mortality . Journal of the Institute of Actuaries , 13 : 325 – 367 .
  • Metcalf , PA , Scragg , RRK , Schaaf , D , Dyall , L , Black , PN and Jackson , R . 2008 . Dietary intakes of European, Māori, Pacific and Asian adults living in Auckland: the Diabetes, Heart and Health Study . Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health , 32 : 454 – 460 .
  • Ministry of Health . 2005 . Monitoring health inequality through neighbourhood life expectancy , Public Health Intelligence Occasional Bulletin 28 Ministry of Health . http://www.moh.govt.nz
  • Ministry of Health . 2008 . “ A portrait of Health 2008 ” . In Key results of the 2006/2007 New Zealand Health Survey , Ministry of Health . http://www.moh.govt.nz
  • Ministry of Health and Child and Youth Mortality Review Committee . 2008 . “ Preventing sudden unexpected death in infancy ” . In Information for health practitioners http://www.cymrc.health.govt.nz/ [accessed 16 September 2008]
  • Mitchell , EA , Stewart , AW , Scragg , R , Ford , RPK , Taylor , BJ , Becroft , DMO , Thompson , JMD , Hassall , IB , Barry , DMJ , Allen , EM and Roberts , AP . 1993 . Ethnic differences in mortality from sudden infant death syndrome in New Zealand . British Medical Journal , 306 : 13 – 15 .
  • Quit Group and Ministry of Health . 2006 . Māori smoking and tobacco use , Wellington : Ministry of Health . Fact Sheet 1
  • Seal , HL . 1980 . Early uses of Graunt's life table . Journal of the Institute of Actuaries , 107 : 507 – 511 .
  • Sporle , A , Pearce , N and Davis , P . 2002 . Social class mortality differences in Māori and non‐Māori men aged 15–64 during the last two decades . The New Zealand Medical Journal , 115 : 127 – 131 .
  • Strehler , BL . 1978 . Time, cells, and aging. , 2nd ed. , New York : Academic Press .
  • Wells , JE , McGee , MA , Baxter , J , Agnew , F and Kokaua , J . 2009 . Onset and lifetime use of drugs in New Zealand: results from Te Rau Hinengaro. The New Zealand Mental Health Survey 2003–2004 . Drug and Alcohol Review , 28 : 166 – 174 .
  • Witten , M . 1986 . A return to time, cells, system, and aging: IV. Further thoughts on Gompertizian survival dynamics—the neonatal years . Mechanisms of Aging and Development , 33 : 177 – 190 .
  • Witten , M . 1988 . A return to time, cells, system, and aging: V. Further thoughts on Gompertizian survival dynamics—the geriatric years . Mechanisms of Aging and Development , 46 : 175 – 200 .
  • Witten , TM and Eakin , T . 1997 . Multiphase models of survival: analysis of mortality rate change regions and the issue of finite species lifespan . Experimental Gerontology , 32 : 259 – 285 .
  • Xie , M and Lai , CD . 1995 . Reliability analysis using additive Weibull model with bathtub‐shaped failure rate function . Reliability Engineering and System Safety , 52 : 87 – 93 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.