References
- Abbott M. 2017. Gambling and gambling harm in New Zealand: a 28-year case study. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 15(6):1221–1241. doi: 10.1007/s11469-017-9767-6
- Adams P. 2004. Gambling impact assessment: for Auckland City Council, Manukau City Council, North Shore City Council, Waitakere City Council, Franklin District Council, Papakura District Council, and Rodney District Council. Centre for Gambling Studies. [accessed 2018 Oct 10]. https://www.fmhs.auckland.ac.nz/assets/fmhs/faculty/Centre%20for%20Gambling%20Studies/documents/2004adams2_overview.pdf.
- Ajebon MO, Norman P. 2016. Beyond the census: a spatial analysis of health and deprivation in England. GeoJournal. 81(3):395–410. doi: 10.1007/s10708-015-9624-8
- Beverly SG. 2001. Measures of material hardship: rationale and recommendations. Journal of poverty 5(1): 23–41.
- Binde P, Romild U, Volberg RA. 2017. Forms of gambling, gambling involvement and problem gambling: evidence from a Swedish population survey. International Gambling Studies. 17(3):490–507.
- Champion Freight. 2018. New Zealand’s Largest Ports. [accessed 2018 Oct 10]. https://www.championfreight.co.nz/largest-nz-ports.
- Crampton P, Salmond C, Sutton F. 1998a. NZDEP91: a New Zealand index of deprivation. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health. 22(7):835–837. http://www.otago.ac.nz/wellington/departments/publichealth/research/hirp/otago020194.html. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-842X.1998.tb01505.x
- Crampton P, Salmond C, Sutton F. 1998b. NZDEP96: index of deprivation. Health Services Research Centre. http://www.otago.ac.nz/wellington/departments/publichealth/research/hirp/otago020194.html.
- Crampton P, Salmond C, Sutton F. 2002. NZDEP01: Index of deprivation. Research report. http://www.otago.ac.nz/wellington/departments/publichealth/research/hirp/otago020194.html.
- Crampton P, Salmond C, Atkinson J. 2007. NZDEP06: index of deprivation. http://www.otago.ac.nz/wellington/departments/publichealth/research/hirp/otago020194.html.
- Crampton P, Salmond C, Atkinson J. 2014. NZDEP2013: index of deprivation. New Zealand Ministry of Health. http://www.otago.ac.nz/wellington/departments/publichealth/research/hirp/otago020194.html.
- Education Counts. 2018. School Metrics. [accessed 2018 Oct 10]. https://www.educationcounts.govt.nz/find-school.
- EECA. 2018. Warmer Kiwi Homes. [accessed 2018 Oct 10]. https://www.energywise.govt.nz/funding-and-support/funding-for-insulation/.
- Exeter DJ, Zhao J, Crengle S, Lee A, Browne M. 2017. The New Zealand indices of multiple deprivation (IMD): a new suite of indicators for social and health research in Aotearoa, New Zealand. PLOS ONE. 12(8):e0181260. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181260
- Fusco A, Guio AC, Marlier E. 2011. Income poverty and material deprivation in European countries. LISER No. 2011-04.
- Landi S, Ivaldi E, Testi A. 2018. Social indicators research. 139(2):745–785. doi: 10.1007/s11205-017-1720-3
- Maslow AH. 1943. A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review. 50(4):370–396. doi: 10.1037/h0054346
- Meyer BD, Sullivan JX. 2003. . Measuring the well-being of the poor using income and consumption. National Bureau of Economic Research. No. w9760. [accessed 2018 Oct 10]. https://harris.uchicago.edu/files/measuringthewellbeing.pdf.
- Ministry of Health. 2015. Alcohol use 2012/13: New Zealand health survey. Wellington: Ministry of Health.
- Ministry of Health. 2016a. Suicide facts: deaths and intentional self-harm hospitalisations 2013. Wellington: Ministry of Health.
- Ministry of Health. 2016b. Annual update of Key results 2015/16: New Zealand health survey. Wellington: Ministry of Health.
- Mistry RM, Pasisi L, Chong S, Stewart J, Wong She RB. 2010. Socioeconomic deprivation and burns. Burns. 36(3):403–408. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2009.05.021
- New Zealand Police. 2016. Polcedata.nz - Victim Time and Place. [accessed 2018 Oct 10]. http://www.police.govt.nz/about-us/publications-statistics/data-and-statistics/policedatanz.
- Norman P. 2010. Identifying change over time in small area socio-economic deprivation. Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy. 3:107–138. doi: 10.1007/s12061-009-9036-6
- Norman P. 2016. The changing geography of deprivation in Britain 1971 to 2011 and beyond. In: Champion T and Falkingham J, editors. Population change in the United Kingdom. p. 193–214.
- Norman P, Darlington-Pollock F. 2017. The changing geography of deprivation in Great Britain: exploiting small area census data 1971 to 2011. In: Stillwell J, editor. The Routledge handbook of census resources, methods and applications: unlocking the UK 2011 census. Routledge: International Population Studies. p. 404–420.
- Perry B. 2016. The material wellbeing of New Zealand households: trends and relativities using non-income measures, with international comparisons. Wellington: Ministry of Social Development.
- Productivity Commission. 1999. Australia’s gambling industries. Report Number 10. Aus-Info. Canberra. [accessed 2018 Oct 10]. https://www.pc.gov.au/inquiries/completed/gambling/report/gambling1.pdf.
- Rintoul AC, Livingstone C, Mellor AP, Jolley D. 2013. Modelling vulnerability to gambling related harm: how disadvantage predicts gambling losses. Addiction research & theory. 21(4):329–338.
- Salmond C, Crampton P. 2001. NZDep96 - what does it measure? Social Policy Journal of New Zealand. 17:82–100.
- Salmond C, Crampton P. 2002. Heterogeneity of deprivation within very small areas. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 56:669–670. doi: 10.1136/jech.56.9.669
- Salmond C, Crampton P, Atkinson J, Edwards R. 2012. A decade of tobacco control efforts in New Zealand (1996–2006): impacts on inequalities in census-derived smoking prevalence. Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 14(6):664–673. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntr264
- Shulruf B, Tumen S, Tolley H. 2008. Extracurricular activities in school, do they matter? Children and Youth Services Review. 30:418–426. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.10.012
- Slesnick DT. 1993. Gaining ground: poverty in the postwar United States. Journal of Political Economy. 101(1):1–38. doi: 10.1086/261864
- Statistics New Zealand. 2013. Census Data Tables. [accessed 2018 Oct 10]. http://www.stats.govt.nz/Census/2013-census/data-tables.aspx.
- Statistics New Zealand. 2018a. Geographic boundary files. [accessed 2018 Oct 10]. https://datafinder.stats.govt.nz/?_ga = 2.104329920.1374450794.1538517806-319449020.1526095344.
- Statistics New Zealand. 2018b. Geographic area files. [accessed 2018 Oct 10]. http://archive.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/Maps_and_geography/Geographic-areas/geographic-area-files.aspx.
- Statistics New Zealand. 2018c. Area Unit Population Projections by Age and Sex. [accessed 2018 Oct 10]. http://nzdotstat.stats.govt.nz/wbos/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=TABLECODE7545&_ga=2.157582842.1500835040.1549596713-736740145.1490499328#.
- Statistics New Zealand. 2018d. Integrated Data Infrastructure [accessed 2018 Oct 10]. http://archive.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/snapshots-of-nz/integrated-data-infrastructure.aspx.
- Torche F. 2013. How do we characteristically measure and analyze intergenerational mobility? New York: The Stanford Center on Poverty and Inequality.
- Townsend P. 1987. Deprivation. Journal of Social Policy. 16(2):125–146. doi: 10.1017/S0047279400020341
- Urahn SK, Currier E, Elliott D, Wechsler L, Wilson D, Colbert D. 2012. Pursuing the American dream: economic mobility across generations. Washington: The Pew Charitable Trusts.
- Walker SE, Abbott MW, Gray RJ. 2012. Knowledge, views and experiences of gambling and gambling-related harms in different ethnic and socio-economic groups in New Zealand. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health. 36(2):153–159. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.2012.00847.x
- Ward AD, Bracewell PJ, Cui Y. 2018. Tavern proximity, tavern density and socio-economic status as predictors of assault occurrence within New Zealand: a temporal comparison. Kōtuitui: New Zealand Journal of Social Sciences Online. 13(1):82–98.
- Wheeler BW, Rigby JE, Huriwai T. 2006. Pokies and poverty: problem gambling risk factor geography in New Zealand. Health & Place. 12(1):86–96. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2004.10.011
- Wilson N, Blakely T, Tobias M. 2006. What potential has tobacco control for reducing health inequalities? The New Zealand situation. International Journal for Equity in Health. 5(1):14 doi: 10.1186/1475-9276-5-14