References
- Aguila, E., Park, J. H., & Vega, A. (2020). Living arrangements and supplemental income programs for older adults in Mexico. Demography, 57, 1345–1368. doi:10.1007/s13524-020-00879-3.
- Albrecht, S. L., & Heaton, T. B. (1984). Secularization, higher education, and religiosity. Review of Religious Research, 26(1), 43–58.
- Banister, J. (1987). China’s changing population. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
- Becker, G. S. (1993). A treatise on the family. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Berk, R. A., & Berk, S. F. (1983). Supply-side sociology of the family: The challenge of the new home economics. Annual Review of Sociology, 9(1), 375–395.
- Blinder, A. S. (1973). Wage discrimination: Reduced form and structural estimates. The Journal of Human Resources, 8(Fall), 436–455.
- Borsch-Supan, A. (1986). Household formation, housing prices, and public policy impacts. Journal of Public Economics, 30(2), 145–164.
- Börsch-Supan, A. (1989). Household dissolution and the choice of alternative living arrangements among elderly Americans. In D. A. Wise (Ed.), The economics of aging (pp. 119–150). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. doi:10.7208/9780226903224.
- Burch, T. K. (1995). Theories of household formation: Progress and challenges. In E. van Imhoff, A. Kuijsten, P. Hooimeijer, & L. van Wissen (Eds.), Household demography and household modeling (pp. 85–108). Boston, MA: Springer US.
- Burch, T. K., & Matthews, B. J. (1987). Household formation in developed societies. Population and Development Review, 13(3), 495–511.
- Buzar, S., Ogden, P. E., & Hall, R. (2005). Households matter: The quiet demography of urban transformation. Urban Studies, 29(4), 413–436.
- Cameron, L., Erkal, N., Gangadharan, L., & Meng, X. (2013). Little emperors: Behavioral impacts of China’s one-child policy. Science, 339(6122), 953–957.
- Carliner, G. (1975). Determinants of household headship. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 37(1), 28–38.
- Carliner, M. (2003). Headship rates and housing demand. Housing Economics, 51(6), 8–11.
- Chan, K. W. (2018). Urbanization with Chinese characteristics: The hukou system and migration. London/New York, NY: Routledge.
- Chen, J., Guo, F., & Wu, Y. (2011). One decade of urban housing reform in China: Urban housing price dynamics and the role of migration and urbanization, 1995–2005. Habitat International, 35(1), 1–8.
- Chen, K., & Wen, Y. (2017). The great housing boom of China. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 9(2), 73–114.
- Chen, Y. J., Chen, Z., & He, S. (2019). Social norms and household savings rates in China. Review of Finance, 23(5), 961–991.
- Cheng, T., & Selden, M. (1994). The origins and social consequences of China’s hukou system. The China Quarterly, 139, 644–668.
- Clapham, D. (2005). The meaning of housing: A pathways approach. Bristol, UK: Policy Press.
- Clark, W. A. (2012). Residential mobility and the housing market. In D. F. Clapham, W. A. Clark, & K. Gibb (Eds.), The Sage handbook of housing studies (pp. 66–83). Los Angeles: Sage.
- Clark, W. A., Deurloo, M. C., & Dieleman, F. M. (2003). Housing careers in the United States, 1968–93: Modelling the sequencing of housing states. Urban Studies, 40(1), 143–160.
- Clark, W. A., Huang, Y., & Yi, D. (2021). Can millennials access homeownership in urban China? Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 36(1), 69–87.
- Cobb-Clark, D. A. (2008). Leaving home: What economics has to say about the living arrangements of young Australians. Australian Economic Review, 41(2), 160–176.
- Cooper, D., & Luengo-Prado, M. J. (2018). Household formation over time: Evidence from two cohorts of young adults. Journal of Housing Economics, 41, 106–123.
- Day, L. H., & Ma, X. (1994). Migration and urbanization in China, Studies in Chinese environment and development. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
- Deng, W. J., Hoekstra, J. S., & Elsinga, M. G. (2016). The changing determinants of homeownership amongst young people in urban China. International Journal of Housing Policy, 16(2), 201–222.
- Deng, Y., Gyourko, J., & Wu, J. (2012). Land and house price measurement in China. No. w18403. National Bureau of Economic Research.
- Douglass, M. (2014). Afterword: Global householding and social reproduction in Asia. Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences, 51, 313–316.
- Elder, G. H. (1975). Age differentiation and the life course. Annual Review of Sociology, 1, 165–190.
- Ermisch, J. F. (1981). An economic theory of household formation: Theory and evidence from the general household survey. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 28(1), 1–19.
- Fan, C. C. (2007). China on the move: Migration, the state, and the household. London: Routledge.
- Fang, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2016). Migrant household homeownership outcomes in large Chinese cities-the sustained impact of hukou. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 57(2), 203–227.
- Fisher, L. M., & Woodwell, J. (2015). Housing demand: Demographics and the numbers behind the coming multi-million increase in households. In Mortgage bankers association research report.
- Forrest, R., & Yip, N.-m. (2012). Young people and housing: Transitions, trajectories and generational fractures. London and New York: Routledge.
- Friedmann, J. (2005). China’s urban transition. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
- Furlong, F. (2016). Household formation among young adults. FRBSF Economic Letter, 2016, 17.
- Gan, L. (2014). Urbanization and the housing market in China. In Results from China household finance survey. PowerPoint Presentation, College Station, TX: Texas A&M University and Southwestern University of Finance and Economics.
- Gan, L., Yin, Z., Jia, N., Xu, S., Ma, S., & Zheng, L. (2013). Data you need to know about China: Research report of China household finance survey 2012. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media.
- Glaeser, E., Huang, W., Ma, Y., & Shleifer, A. (2017). A real estate boom with Chinese characteristics. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(1), 93–116.
- Goldscheider, F. K., & DaVanzo, J. (1986). Semiautonomy and leaving home in early adulthood. Social Forces, 65(1), 187–201.
- Goldscheider, F. K., & Da Vanzo, J. (1989). Pathways to independent living in early adulthood: Marriage, semiautonomy, and premarital residential independence. Demography, 26(4), 597–614.
- Goodman, J. L. (1986). Economic determinants of household formations and living arrangements. No. 66. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US).
- Goodman, L., Pendall, R., & Zhu, J. (2015). Headship and homeownership: What does the future hold?
- Haurin, D. R., Hendershott, P. H., & Kim, D. (1993). The impact of real rents and wages on household formation. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 75(2), 284–293.
- Haurin, D. R., & Rosenthal, S. S. (2007). The influence of household formation on homeownership rates across time and race. Real Estate Economics, 35(4), 411–450.
- Hirayama, Y. (2010). Housing pathway divergence in Japan’s insecure economy. Housing Studies, 25(6), 777–797.
- Hochstenbach, C., & Boterman, W. R. (2015). Navigating the field of housing: Housing pathways of young people in Amsterdam. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 30, 257–274.
- Hu, Z., & Peng, X. (2015). Household changes in contemporary China: An analysis based on the four recent censuses. The Journal of Chinese Sociology, 2(1), 1.
- Huang, X., Dijst, M., van Weesep, J., Jiao, Y., & Sun, Y. (2017). Residential choice among rural–urban migrants after hukou reform: Evidence from Suzhou, China. Population, Space and Place, 23(4), e2035.
- Huang, Y., He, S., & Gan, L. (2021). Introduction to special issue: Unpacking the Chinese dream of homeownership. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 36(1), 1–7. doi:10.1007/s10901-021-09827-y.
- Jiang, L. (2006). Living conditions of the floating population in urban China. Housing Studies, 21(5), 719–744.
- Jiang, Q., Feldman, M. W., & Li, S. (2014). Marriage squeeze, never-married proportion, and mean age at first marriage in China. Population Research and Policy Review, 33(2), 189–204.
- Kendig, H. L. (1990). A life course perspective on housing attainment. In D. Myers (Ed.), Housing demography: Linking demographic structure and housing markets (pp. 133–156). Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.
- Kent, R. J. (1992). Household formation by the young in the United States. Applied Economics, 24(10), 1129–1137.
- Kiefer, L., Atreya, A., & Yanamandra, V. (2018). 41. Why is adulting getting harder? Young adults and household formation 201841.
- Kobrin, F. E. (1973). Household headship and its changes in the United States, 1940–1960, 1970. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 68(344), 793–800.
- Kobrin, F. E. (1976). The fall in household size and the rise of the primary individual in the United States. Demography, 13(1), 127–138.
- Kuijsten, A. (1995). Recent trends in household and family structures in Europe: An overview. In E. Imhoff, A. Kuijsten, P. Hooimeiger, & L. V. Wissen (Eds.), Household demography and household modeling (pp. 53–84). New York: Plenum Press.
- Lee, K. O., & Painter, G. (2013). What happens to household formation in a recession? Journal of Urban Economics, 76, 93–109.
- Lee, S. M., & Edmonston, B. (2014). Residential independence of elderly immigrants in Canada. Canadian Journal on Aging/La Revue canadienne du vieillissement, 33(4), 359–377.
- Leppel, K. (1986). A trinomial logit analysis of household composition. Real Estate Economics, 14(4), 537–556.
- Lesthaeghe, R. (2014). The second demographic transition: A concise overview of its development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(51), 18112–18115.
- Lesthaeghe, R., & Moors, G. (2000). Recent trends in fertility and household formation in the industrialized world. Review of Population and Social Policy, 9(1), 121–170.
- Li, S., Li, J., & Ouyang, A. Y. (2017). Housing and household wealth inequality: Evidence from the People’s Republic of China (ADBI Working Paper Series).
- Li, S.-M. (2012). Housing inequalities under market deepening: The case of Guangzhou, China. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 44(12), 2852–2866.
- Li, S.-M. (2017). Homeownership and housing consumption change in urban China: Guangzhou under market transition. Urban Geography, 38(5), 752–770.
- Lian, H. (2014). The post-1980s generation in China: Exploring its theoretical underpinning. Journal of Youth Studies, 17(7), 965–981.
- Liang, Z., Li, Z., & Ma, Z. (2014). Changing patterns of the floating population in China, 2000–2010. Population and Development Review, 40(4), 695–716.
- Logan, J. R., & Bian, Y. (1993). Inequalities in access to community resources in a Chinese City. Social Forces, 72(2), 555–577.
- Logan, J. R., Fang, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2009). Access to housing in urban China. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 33(4), 914–935.
- Mackie, P. K. (2016). Young people and housing: Identifying the key issues. International Journal of Housing Policy, 16(2), 137–143.
- Mak, S. W., Choy, L. H., & Ho, W. K. (2007). Privatization, housing conditions and affordability in the People’s Republic of China. Habitat International, 31(2), 177–192.
- McFadden, D. (1977). Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers. 710. https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/cowles-discussion-paper-series/710.
- McKee, K. (2012). Young people, homeownership and future welfare. Housing Studies, 27(6), 853–862.
- Michael, R. T., Fuchs, V. R., & Scott, S. R. (1980). Changes in the propensity to live alone: 1950–1976. Demography, 17(1), 39–56.
- Miron, J. R. (1989). Household formation, affordability, and housing policy. Population Research and Policy Review, 8(1), 55–77.
- Mulder, C. H. (2013). Family dynamics and housing: Conceptual issues and empirical findings. Demographic Research, 29, 355–378.
- Mulder, C. H., & Hooimeijer, P. (1999). Residential relocations in the life course. In Population issues (pp. 159–186). Dordrecht: Springer.
- Mulder, C. H., & Smits, A. (2013). Inter-generational ties, financial transfers and home-ownership support. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 28(1), 95–112.
- Myers, D. (1999). Cohort longitudinal estimation of housing careers. Housing Studies, 14(4), 473–490.
- National Bureau of Statistics of China. (2020). China statistical yearbooks.
- Nee, V., & Matthews, R. (1996). Market transition and societal transformation in reforming state socialism. Annual Review of Sociology, 22, 401–435.
- Newman, S., Holupka, S., & Ross, S. L. (2018). There’s no place like home: Racial disparities in household formation in the 2000s. Journal of Housing Economics, 40, 142–156.
- Oaxaca, R. (1973). Male-female wage differentials in urban labor markets. International Economic Review, 14(3), 693–709.
- Or, T. M. (2017). Pathways to homeownership among young professionals in urban China: The role of family resources. Urban Studies, 55(11), 2391–2407. doi:10.1177/0042098017714212.
- Paciorek, A. (2016). The long and the short of household formation. Real Estate Economics, 44(1), 7–40.
- Pampel, F. C. (1983). Changes in the propensity to live alone: Evidence from consecutive cross-sectional surveys, 1960–1976. Demography, 20, 433–447.
- Peng, X. (2011). China’s demographic history and future challenges. Science, 333(6042), 581–587.
- Phua, V. C., Kaufman, G., & Park, K. S. (2001). Strategic adjustments of elderly Asian Americans: Living arrangements and headship. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 32(2), 263–281.
- Pitkin, J. (1990). Housing consumption of the elderly: A cohort economic model. In D. Myers (Ed.), Housing demography: Linking demographic structure and housing markets (pp. 194–199). Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.
- Pitkin, J. R., Masnick, G. S., & Brennan, J. (1990). Cohort housing trends in a local housing market: The case of Southern California. In D. Myers (Ed.), Housing demography: Linking demographic structure and housing markets (pp. 157–173). Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.
- Polanyi, K. (1957). The great transformation (1st Beacon paperback). Beacon Press. http://name.umdl.umich.edu/HEB03171
- Ren, Q., & Hu, R. (2016). Housing inequality in urban China. Chinese Journal of Sociology, 2(1), 144–167.
- Riley, M. W. (1987). On the significance of age in sociology. American Sociological Review, 52, 1–14.
- Santi, L. L. (1990). Household headship among unmarried persons in the United-States, 1970–1985. Demography, 27(2), 219–232.
- Scutt, D. (2017). NOMURA: China’s housing bubble is spreading to its smallest cities. Business Insider Australia.
- Seales, R. (2017). The country where 70% of millennials are homeowners. BBC News.
- Sito, P., & Liu, P. (2018). China property: How the world’s biggest housing market emerged. South China Morning Post.
- Skaburskis, A. (1994). Determinants of Canadian headship rates. Urban Studies, 31(8), 1377–1389.
- Skeldon, R. (2011). China: An emerging destination for economic migration. Migration Information Source: Country Profiles.
- Smith, L. B., Rosen, K. T., Markandya, A., & Ullmo, P.-A. (1984). The demand for housing, household headship rates, and household formation: An international analysis. Urban Studies, 21(4), 407–414.
- Sobotka, T. (2008). Overview chapter 6: The diverse faces of the second demographic transition in Europe. Demographic Research, 19, 171–224.
- Song, J. (2010). Moving purchase and sitting purchase: Housing reform and transition to homeownership in Beijing. Housing Studies, 25(6), 903–919.
- Song, X., & Xie, Y. (2014). Market transition theory revisited: Changing regimes of housing inequality in China, 1988–2002. Sociological Science, 1, 277–291.
- Sweet, J. A. (1984). Components of change in the number of households: 1970–1980. Demography, 21(2), 129–140.
- Sweet, J. A. (1990). Changes in the life-cycle composition of the United States population and the demand of housing. In D. Myers (Ed.), Housing demography: Linking demographic structure and housing markets (pp. 35–61). Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.
- Szelenyi, I., & Kostello, E. (1996). The market transition debate: Toward a synthesis? American Journal of Sociology, 101(4), 1082–1096.
- Tang, M., & Coulson, N. E. (2017). The impact of China’s housing provident fund on homeownership, housing consumption and housing investment. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 63, 25–37.
- Tsai, I.-C., & Chiang, S.-H. (2019). Exuberance and spillovers in housing markets: Evidence from first-and second-tier cities in China. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 77, 75–86.
- van Ham, M. (2012). Housing behaviour. In D. F. Clapham, W. A. Clark, & K. Gibb (Eds.), The Sage handbook of housing studies (pp. 47–65). Los Angeles: Sage.
- Waite, L. J., Goldscheider, F. K., & Witsberger, C. (1986). Nonfamily living and the erosion of traditional family orientations among young adults. American Sociological Review, 51(4), 541–554.
- Walder, A. G., & He, X. (2014). Public housing into private assets: Wealth creation in urban China. Social Science Research, 46, 85–99.
- Wang, Y., Li, Y., Huang, Y., Yi, C., & Ren, J. (2020). Housing wealth inequality in China: An urban-rural comparison. Cities, 96, 102428.
- Wang, Y., & Otsuki, T. (2015). Do institutional factors influence housing decision of young generation in urban China: Based on a study on determinants of residential choice in Beijing. Habitat International, 49, 508–515.
- Wiemers, E. E. (2014). The effect of unemployment on household composition and doubling up. Demography, 51(6), 2155–2178.
- Willekens, F. (2010). Family and household demography. Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems, Demography, 2, 86–112.
- Wu, J., Yu, Z., Wei, Y. D., & Yang, L. (2019). Changing distribution of migrant population and its influencing factors in urban China: Economic transition, public policy, and amenities. Habitat International, 94, 102063.
- Wu, L., Bian, Y., & Zhang, W. (2019). Housing ownership and housing wealth: New evidence in transitional China. Housing Studies, 94, 102063.
- Wu, L., & Zhang, W. (2018). Rural migrants’ homeownership in Chinese urban destinations: Do institutional arrangements still matter after hukou reform? Cities, 79, 151–158.
- Wu, W. (2004). Sources of migrant housing disadvantage in urban China. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 36(7), 1285–1304.
- Xie, Y., & Jin, Y. (2015). Household wealth in China. Chinese Sociological Review, 47(3), 203–229.
- Xu, Y. (2017). Mandatory savings, credit access and home ownership: The case of the housing provident fund. Urban Studies, 54(15), 3446–3463.
- Yu, Z. (2017). Macro effects on the household formation of China's young adults–demographics, institutional factors, and regional differences. International Journal of Housing Policy, 17(4), 512–540.
- Yu, Z. (2021). Homeownership attainment of adult children in urban China: Parental attributes and financial support. Housing Studies, 36(6), 789–821.
- Yu, Z., & Myers, D. (2010). Misleading comparisons of homeownership rates when the variable effect of household formation is ignored: Explaining rising homeownership and the homeownership gap between Blacks and Asians. Urban Studies, 47(12), 2615–2640.
- Zhou, D. (2010). Housing demand of Chinese urban migrants (Wuo Guo Cheng Shi Yi Min De Zhu Fang Xu Qiu Fen Xi). Urban Problems (in Chinese), 176(3), 58–61.