Does online perceived risk depend on culture? Individualistic versus collectivistic culture

References

• Aghekyan-Simonian, M., Forsythe, S., Suk Kwon, W., & Chattaraman, V. (2012). The role of product brand image and online store image on perceived risks and online purchase intentions for apparel. Journal of Retailing & Consumer Services, 19, 325–331.
   Google Scholar
• Brannen, M., & Mughan, T. (2016). Language in international business: Developing a field. Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Byrne, B. (2004). Qualitative interviewing. In C. Seale (Ed.), Researching society and culture (2nd ed., pp. 179–192). London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Calder, B. J., Phillips, L. W., & Tybout, A. M. (1981). Designing research for application. The Journal of Consumer Research, 8, 197–207.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cases, A.-S. (2001). Perceived risk and risk-reduction strategies in Internet shopping. The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 12, 375–394.
   Google Scholar
• Chang, E.-C., & Tseng, Y.-F. (2013). Research note E-store image, perceived value and perceived risk. Journal of Business Research, 66, 864–870.10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.06.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, M.-L., & Wu, W.-Y. (2012). Revisiting perceived risk in the context of online shopping an alternative perspective of decision-making styles. Psychology & Marketing, 29, 378–400.10.1002/mar.20528
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, C., Greenberger, E., Lestea, J., Dong, Q., & Guo, M.-S. (1998). A cross-cultural study of family and peer correlates of adolescent misconduct. Developmental Psychology, 34, 770–781.10.1037/0012-1649.34.4.770
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiu, C.-M., Wang, E. T. G., Fang, Y.-H., & Huang, H.-Y. (2014). Understanding customers’ repeat purchase intentions in B2C e-commerce: The roles of utilitarian value, hedonic value and perceived risk. Information Systems Journal, 24, 85–114.10.1111/j.1365-2575.2012.00407.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, J., & Geistfeld, L. V. (2004). A cross-cultural investigation of consumer e-shopping adoption. Journal of Economic Psychology, 25, 821–838.10.1016/j.joep.2003.08.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark, T. (1990, October). International marketing and national character: A review and proposal for an integrative theory. Journal of Marketing, 66–79.10.2307/1251760
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Comegys, C., Hannula, M., & Väisänen, J. (2009). Effects of consumer trust and risk on online purchase decision-making: A comparison of Finnish and United States students. International Journal of Management, 26, 295–309.
   Google Scholar
• Corey, M. D. (2013). Social media defamation and reputation management in the online age. Journal of Internet Law, 17, 15–20.
   Google Scholar
• Cunningham, S. M. (1967). The major dimensions of perceived risk. In D. F. Cox (Ed.), Risk taking and information handling in consumer behavior (pp. 82–108). Boston, MA: Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Darwish, A. E., & Huber, G. L. (2003). Individualism vs collectivism in different cultures: A cross-cultural study. Intercultural Education, 14, 47–55.
   Google Scholar
• Dawar, N., & Parker, P. (1994). Marketing universals: Consumer’s use of brand name, price, physical appearance, and retailer reputation as signals of product quality. Journal of Marketing, 58, 81–95.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglas, M. (1978). Cultural bias. ( Occasional Paper No. 35). London: Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland.
   Google Scholar
• Eggert, A. (2006). Intangibility and perceived risk in online environments. Journal of Marketing Management, 22, 553–572.10.1362/026725706777978668
   Google Scholar
• Erdem, T., Zhao, Y., & Valenzuela, A. (2004). Performance of store brands: A cross-country analysis of consumer store-brand preferences, perceptions, and risk. Journal of Marketing Research, 41, 86–100.10.1509/jmkr.41.1.86.25087
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Featherman, M. S., & Pavlou, P. A. (2003). Predicting E-services adoption: A perceived risk facets perspective. International Journal of Human-computer Studies, 59, 451–474.10.1016/S1071-5819(03)00111-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forsythe, S., Liu, C., Shannon, D., & Gardner, L. C. (2006). Development of a scale to measure the perceived benefits and risks of online shopping. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 20, 55–75.
   Google Scholar
• Hema, Y. (2013). The value of reputation in an online freelance marketplace. Marketing Science, 32, 860–891.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofstede, G. (1984). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Hofstede, G. (1993). Cultural constraints in management theories. Academy of Management Executive, 7, 81–94.
   Google Scholar
• Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing cultures: The Hofstede model in context. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1). doi:10.9707/2307-0919.1014
   Google Scholar
• Hofstede, G., & Bond, M. H. (1988). The confucius connection: From cultural roots to economic growth. Organizational Dynamics, 16, 4–21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoover, R. J., Green, R. T., & Saegert, J. (1978). A cross-national study of perceived risk. Journal of Marketing, 42, 102–108.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horst, T., & Chong, S. (2011). Trust and perceived risk of personal information as antecedents of online information disclosure results from three countries. Journal of Global Information Management, 19, 76–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (Eds.). (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Hsieh, M.-T., & Tsao, W.-C. (2014). Reducing perceived online shopping risk to enhance loyalty: A website quality perspective. Journal of Risk Research, 17, 241–261.10.1080/13669877.2013.794152
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarvenpaa, S. L., & Todd, P. A. (1996–1997). Consumer reactions to electronic shopping on the World Wide Web. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 1, 59–88.10.1080/10864415.1996.11518283
   Google Scholar
• Jarvenpaa, S. L., & Tractinsky, N. (1999). Consumer trust in an Internet store: A cross-cultural validation. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 5(2), 1–33.
   Google Scholar
• Jarvenpaa, S. L., Tractinsky, N., & Vitale, M. (2000). Consumer trust in an internet store. Information Technology and Management, 1, 45–71.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, M., & Alony, I. (2007). The cultural impact of information systems – Through the eyes of Hofstede – A critical journey. Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology, 4, 407–419.
   Google Scholar
• Juan, M. A.-P., Salvador, D. B.-G., & Esmeralda, C.-A. (2015). Cross-cultural comparison of the relationships among perceived risk online, perceived usability and satisfaction during browsing of a tourist website. Tourism & Management Studies, 11, 15–24.
   Google Scholar
• Kailani, M., & Kumar, R. (2011). Investigating uncertainty avoidance and perceived risk for impacting Internet buying: A study in three national cultures. International Journal of Business and Management, 6, 76–92.
   Google Scholar
• Kaplan, L. B., Szybillo, G. J., & Jacoby, J. (1974). Components of perceived risk in product purchase: A cross-validation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59, 287–291.10.1037/h0036657
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keh, H. T., & Sun, J. (2008). The complexities of perceived risk in cross-cultural services marketing. Journal of International Marketing, 16, 120–146.10.1509/jimk.16.1.120
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, D. J. (2008). Self-perception-based versus transference-based trust determinants in computer-mediated transactions: A cross-cultural comparison study. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24, 13–45.10.2753/MIS0742-1222240401
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, D. J. (2014). A Study of the multilevel and dynamic nature of trust in e-commerce from a cross-stage perspective. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 19, 11–64.10.2753/JEC1086-4415190101
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, L. H., Qu, H., Kim, D. J. (2009). A study of perceived risk and risk reduction of purchasing air-tickets online. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 26, 203–224.10.1080/10548400902925031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ko, H., Jung, J., Kim, J., & Shim, S. W. (2004). Cross-cultural differences in perceived risk of online shopping. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 4, 20–29.10.1080/15252019.2004.10722084
   Google Scholar
• Lin, P.-J., & Jones, E. (2009). Perceived risk and risk-relievers in online travel purchase intentions. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 18, 782–810.10.1080/19368620903235803
   Google Scholar
• Mamoun, A., & Mutaz, A.-D. (2015). An integrated model of factors affecting consumer attitudes towards online shopping. Business Process Management Journal, 21, 1353–1376.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, J., Mortimer, G., & Andrews, L. (2015). Re-examining online customer experience to include purchase frequency and perceived risk. Journal of Retailing & Consumer Services, 25, 81–95.10.1016/j.jretconser.2015.03.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McAllister, D. J. (1995). Affect- and cognition-based trust as foundations for interpersonal cooperation in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 24–59.10.2307/256727
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCorkle, D. E. (1990). The role of perceived risk in mail order catalog shopping. Journal of Direct Marketing, 4, 26–35.10.1002/(ISSN)1522-7138
   Google Scholar
• Milberg, S. J., Smith, H. J., & Burke, S. J. (2000). Information privacy: Corporate management and national regulation. Organization Science, 11, 35–57.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell, V.-W. (1999). Consumer perceived risk: Conceptualisations and models. European Journal of Marketing, 33, 163–195.10.1108/03090569910249229
   Google Scholar
• Miyazaki, A. D., & Fernandez, A. (2000). Internet privacy and security: An examination of online retailer disclosures. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 19, 54–61.10.1509/jppm.19.1.54.16942
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyazaki, A. D., & Fernandez, A. (2001). Consumer perceptions of privacy and security risks for online shopping. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 35, 27–44.10.1111/j.1745-6606.2001.tb00101.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moisescu, O. I., & Bertea, P. E. (2013). The impact of brand awareness, brand knowledge and price positioning on perceived risks associated to buying online from travel agencies. Romanian Journal of Marketing, 3, 13–22.
   Google Scholar
• Moreno, A., & Terwiesch, C. (2014). Doing business with strangers reputation in online service marketplaces. Information Systems Research, 25, 865–886.10.1287/isre.2014.0549
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muthitachareon, A., Barut, M., & Saeed, K. A. (2014). The role of uncertainty stemming from product monetary value in online auctions: The case of search goods. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 19, 65–98.10.2753/JEC1086-4415190102
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nepomuceno, M. V., Laroche, M., & Richard, M.-O. (2014). How to reduce perceived risk when buying online: The interactions between intangibility, product knowledge, brand familiarity, privacy and security concerns. Journal of Retailing & Consumer Services, 21, 619–629.10.1016/j.jretconser.2013.11.006
   Google Scholar
• Oltedal, S., Moen, B.-E., Klempe, H., & Rundmo, T. (2004). Explaining risk perception. An evaluation of cultural theory. Trondheim: Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology. ISBN: 82-7892-025-7.
   Google Scholar
• Park, C., & Jun, J.-K. (2003). A cross-cultural comparison of internet buying behavior. International Marketing Review, 20, 534–554.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petersen, J. A., & Kumar, V. (2015). Perceived risk, product returns, and optimal resource allocation: Evidence from a field experiment. Journal of Marketing Research, 52, 268–28510.1509/jmr.14.0174
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roselius, T. (1971). Consumer rankings of risk reduction methods. Journal of Marketing, 35, 56–61.10.2307/1250565
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saeri, A. K., Ogilvie, C., La Macchia, S. T., Smith, J. R., & Louis, W. R. (2014). Predicting Facebook users’ online privacy protection: risk, trust, norm focus theory, and the theory of planned behavior. The Journal of Social Psychology, 154, 352–369.10.1080/00224545.2014.914881
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samadi, M., & Yaghoob-Najadi, A. (2009). A survey of the effect of consumers’ perceived risk on purchase intention in E-shopping. Business Intelligence Journal, 2, 261–275.
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz, S. H. (1999). A theory of cultural values and some implications for work. Applied Psychology, 48, 23–47.10.1111/apps.1999.48.issue-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sweeney, J., Soutar, G., & Johnson, L. (1999). The role of perceived risk in the quality-value relationship: A study in a retail environment. Journal of Retailing, 75, 77–105.10.1016/S0022-4359(99)80005-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tisdell, C. (2009, September). Economic reform and openness in China: China’s development policies in the last 30 years. Economic Analysis & Policy, 39, 271–294.10.1016/S0313-5926(09)50021-5
   Google Scholar
• Trompenaars, F. (1993). Riding the waves of culture. London: Nicholas Brealey.
   Google Scholar
• Ueltschy, L. C., Krampf, R. F., & Yannopoulos, P. (2004). A cross-national study of perceived consumer risk towards online (Internet) purchasing. Multinational Business Review, 12, 59–82.10.1108/1525383X200400010
   Google Scholar
• Viklund, M. J. (2003). Trust and risk perception in western Europe: A cross-national study. Risk Analysis, 23, 727–738.10.1111/risk.2003.23.issue-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volle, P. (1995). Le concept de risqué perçu en psychologie du consommateur : antécédents et statut théorique [The concept of perceived risk in consumer psychology: Antecedents and theoretical status]. Recherche et Application en Marketing, 10, 39–56.10.1177/076737019501000103
   Google Scholar
• Weber, E. U., & Hsee, C. K. (1998). Cross-cultural differences in risk perception, but cross-cultural similarities in attitude towards perceived risk. Management Science, 44, 1205–1217.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinberg, B. D. (2001). Research in exploring the online consumer experience. In M. C. Gilly & Joan Meyers-Levy (Eds.), Advances in consumer research (28, pp. 227–232). Valdosta, GA: Association for Consumer Research.
   Google Scholar
• Ye, S., Gao, G., & Siva, V. (2013). Strategic behavior in online reputation systems: Evidence from revoking on Ebay. MIS Quarterly, 38, 1033–1050.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng, L.-L. (2013). Do cultural values always endure? A study of France and China. International Journal of Management and Computing Sciences, 3, 08–16.
   Google Scholar
• Zheng, L.-L., Favier, M., Huang, P., & Coat, F. (2012). Chinese consumer perceived risk and risk relievers in e-shopping for apparel product. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 13, 255–274.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng, L.-L., Zuccaro, C., Plaisent, M., & Bernard, P. (2013). Antecedents and consequences of perceived risk in internet shopping in China. Communications of Global Information Technology (COGIT).
   Google Scholar