311
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Papers

SMEs and the relationship between firm size and the enactment of espoused managerial values

& ORCID Icon
Pages 1-22 | Received 25 Mar 2019, Accepted 05 Dec 2019, Published online: 19 Dec 2019

References

  • Abbott, W. F., & Monsen, R. J. (1979). On the measurement of corporate social responsibility: Self-reported disclosures as a method of measuring corporate social involvement. The Academy of Management Journal, 22, 501–515.
  • Allport, G. W. (1961). Pattern and growth in personality. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
  • Amel, D. F., & Brevoort, K. P. (2005). The perceived size of small business banking markets. Journal of Competition Law and Economics, 1, 771–784. doi: 10.1093/joclec/nhi021
  • Amir, A. M. (2014). Performance measurement system design in service operations: Does size matter? Management Research Review, 37, 728–749. doi: 10.1108/MRR-02-2013-0046
  • Arcay, M. R. B., & Vázquez, M. F. M. (2005). Corporate characteristics, governance rules and the extent of voluntary disclosure in Spain. Advances in Accounting, 21, 299–331. doi: 10.1016/S0882-6110(05)21013-1
  • Argyris, C., & Schön, D. A. (1987). Theory in practice: Increasing professional effectiveness. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Askun, D., Oz, E., & Aşkun, O. (2010). Understanding managerial work values in Turkey. Journal of Business Ethics, 93, 103–114. doi: 10.1007/s10551-009-0185-y
  • Bamberger, I. (1986). Values and strategic behavior. Management International Review, 26, 57–69.
  • Berelson, B. (1952). Content analysis in communication research. Glencoe: The Free Press.
  • Biró, M., Messnarz, R., & Davison, A. G. (2002). The impact of national cultural factors on the effectiveness of process improvement methods: the third dimension. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Software Quality.
  • Cheung, W.-Y., Maio, G. R., Rees, K. J., Kamble, S., & Mane, S. (2016). Cultural differences in values as self-guides. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 42, 769–781. doi: 10.1177/0146167216643932
  • Cowton, C. J. (1998). The use of secondary data in business ethics research. Journal of Business Ethics, 17, 423–434. doi: 10.1023/A:1005730825103
  • Curtis, B., Hefley, B., & Miller, S. (2009). People capability maturity model (P-CMM), version 2.0 (2nd ed.). Pittsburgh: Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University.
  • Dawkins, C. E., & Fraas, J. W. (2013). An exploratory analysis of corporate social responsibility and disclosure. Business & Society, 52, 245–281. doi: 10.1177/0007650308324047
  • Deal, T. E., & Kennedy, A. A. (2000). Corporate cultures: The rites and rituals of corporate life. New York: Perseus Books.
  • Discretion. (n.d.). Oxford dictionaries. Retrieved from https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/discretion
  • Donaldson, L. (1999). The normal science of structural contingency theory. In S. R. Clegg & C. Hardy (Eds.), Studying organization: Theory & method (pp. 51–70). London: Sage.
  • Downe-Wamboldt, B. (1992). Content analysis: Method, applications, and issues. Health Care for Women International, 13, 313–321. doi: 10.1080/07399339209516006
  • Dragu, I. (2019). The evolution of corporate sustainability and corporate social responsibility towards the common goal of integrated reporting. In S. O. Idowu & M. Del Baldo (Eds.), Integrated reporting: Antecedents and perspectives for organizations and stakeholders (pp. 77–93). Cham: Springer International.
  • Dresner, H. (2010). Profiles in performance: Business intelligence journeys and the roadmap for change. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Dunham-Taylor, J., & Pinczuk, J. Z. (2006). Health care financial management for nurse managers: Merging the heart with the dollar. Sudbury: Jones and Bartlett.
  • du Plessis, J. J., Hargovan, A., & Harris, J. (2018). Principles of contemporary corporate governance (4th ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • economiesuisse. (2014). Swiss code of best practice for corporate governance. Zurich: economiesuisse, Swiss Business Federation.
  • Elsayed-Elkhouly, S. M., & Buda, R. (1997). A cross-cultural comparison of value systems of Egyptians, Americans, Africans, and Arab executives. International Journal of Commerce and Management, 7, 102–119. doi: 10.1108/eb047358
  • England, G. W., & Lee, R. (1974). The relationship between managerial values and managerial success in the United States, Japan, India, and Australia. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59, 411–419. doi: 10.1037/h0037320
  • Eurofound. (2013). Restructuring in SMEs: Malta. Dublin: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
  • European Commission. (2017). Annual report on European SMEs 2016/2017: Focus on self-employment. Brussels: European Union.
  • Farrell, M., & Gallagher, R. (2015). The valuation implications of enterprise risk management maturity. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 82, 625–657. doi: 10.1111/jori.12035
  • Forstner, E., Kamprath, N., & Röglinger, M. (2014). Capability development with process maturity models – decision framework and economic analysis. Journal of Decision Systems, 23, 127–150. doi: 10.1080/12460125.2014.865310
  • Freeman, R. E., Gilbert, D. R., & Hartman, E. (1988). Values and the foundations of strategic management. Journal of Business Ethics, 7, 821–834. doi: 10.1007/BF00383045
  • Gallo, P. J., & Christensen, L. J. (2011). Firm size matters: An empirical investigation of organizational size and ownership on sustainability-related behaviors. Business & Society, 50(2), 315–349. doi: 10.1177/0007650311398784
  • Glebbeek, A. C., & Bax, E. H. (2004). Is high employee turnover really harmful? An empirical test using company records. The Academy of Management Journal, 47, 277–286.
  • Goodman, P. S., & Dean, J. W. (1982). Creating long-term organizational change. In P. S. Goodman & Associates (Eds.), Change in organizations (pp. 226–279, 1st ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Gray, J. H., Densten, I. L., & Sarros, J. C. (2003). Size matters: Organisational culture in small, medium, and large Australian organizations. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 17, 31–46. doi: 10.1080/08276331.2003.10593311
  • Gray, R., Javad, M., Power, D. M., & Sinclair, C. D. (2001). Social and environmental disclosure and corporate characteristics: A research note and extension. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 28, 327–356. doi: 10.1111/1468-5957.00376
  • Grundstein, M. (2008). Assessing the enterprise’s knowledge management maturity level. International Journal of Knowledge and Learning, 4, 380–387. doi: 10.1504/IJKL.2008.022060
  • Guth, W. D., & Tagiuri, R. (1965). Personal values and corporate strategy. Harvard Business Review, 43, 123–132.
  • Hall, R. H., Johnson, N. J., & Haas, J. E. (1967). Organizational size, complexity, and formalization. American Sociological Review, 32, 903–912. doi: 10.2307/2092844
  • Hamilton, R. T., & Lawrence, L. (2001). Explaining size differences in smaller firms. International Small Business Journal, 19, 49–60. doi: 10.1177/0266242601192003
  • Harmon, P. (2009). Process maturity models. Business Process Trends, 2, 1–5.
  • Hemingway, C. A., & Maclagan, P. W. (2004). Managers’ personal values as drivers of corporate social responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 50, 33–44. doi: 10.1023/B:BUSI.0000020964.80208.c9
  • Hilb, M. (2013). Integrate corporate governance. Berlin: Springer Gabler.
  • Ho, L.-C. J., & Taylor, M. E. (2007). An empirical analysis of triple-bottom-line reporting and its determinants: Evidence from the United States and Japan. Journal of International Financial Management & Accounting, 18, 123–150. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-646X.2007.01010.x
  • Hossain, M., Perera, M. H. B., & Rahman, A. R. (1995). Voluntary disclosure in the annual reports of New Zealand companies. Journal of International Financial Management & Accounting, 6, 69–87. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-646X.1995.tb00050.x
  • Hsieh, P. J., Lin, B., & Lin, C. (2009). The construction and application of knowledge navigator model (KNM™): An evaluation of knowledge management maturity. Expert Systems with Applications, 36, 4087–4100. doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2008.03.005
  • James, L. R., & Jones, A. P. (1976). Organizational structure: A review of structural dimensions and their conceptual relationships with individual attitudes and behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 16, 74–113. doi: 10.1016/0030-5073(76)90008-8
  • Jenkins, H. (2006). Small business champions for corporate social responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 67, 241–256. doi: 10.1007/s10551-006-9182-6
  • Khanna, K., & Irvine, H. (2012). Communicating the financial impact of the global financial crisis: A study of the annual reports of Australian NFP aid and development organizations. Paper presented at the UniSA (CAGS) seminar series 3 May 2012, Adelaide, Australia.
  • Kimberly, J. A. (1976). Organizational size and the structuralist perspective: A review, critique, and proposal. Administrative Science Quarterly, 21, 571–597. doi: 10.2307/2391717
  • Klimko, G. (2001). Knowledge management and maturity models: Building common understanding. In Proceedings of the 2nd European conference on knowledge management (pp. 269–278). Bled, Slovenia.
  • Krippendorff, K. (1980). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology. Newbury Park: Sage.
  • Krishnan, T. N., & Scullion, H. (2016). Talent management and dynamic view of talent in small and medium enterprises. Human Resource Management Review, 27(3), 431–441. doi: 10.1016/j.hrmr.2016.10.003
  • Laukkanen, S., Sarpola, S., & Hallikainen, P. (2007). Enterprise size matters: Objectives and constraints of ERP adoption. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 20, 319–334. doi: 10.1108/17410390710740763
  • Lepoutre, J., & Heene, A. (2006). Investigating the impact of firm size on small business social responsibility: A critical review. Journal of Business Ethics, 67, 257–273. doi: 10.1007/s10551-006-9183-5
  • Lind, P. (2013). Small business management in cross-cultural environments. London: Routledge.
  • Lockamy, A., & McCormack, K. (2004). The development of a supply chain management process maturity model using the concepts of business process orientation. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 9, 272–278. doi: 10.1108/13598540410550019
  • Longenecker, J. G., McKinney, J. A., & Moore, C. W. (1989). Ethics in small business. Journal of Small Business Management, 27(1), 27–31.
  • Luthans, F. (2011). Organisational behavior: An evidence-based approach (12th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Man, T. W. Y., Lau, T., & Chan, K. F. (2002). The competitiveness of small and medium enterprises: A conceptualization with focus on entrepreneurial competencies. Journal of Business Venturing, 17, 123–142. doi: 10.1016/S0883-9026(00)00058-6
  • Micronas Group. (2012). Annual report 2011.
  • Miles, M. P., & Arnold, D. (1991). The relationship between marketing orientation and entrepreneurial orientation. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 15(4), 49–65. doi: 10.1177/104225879101500407
  • Miles, M. P., Munilla, L., & McClurg, T. (1999). The impact of ISO 14000 environmental management standards on small and medium sized enterprises. Journal of Quality Management, 4(1), 111–122. doi: 10.1016/S1084-8568(99)80098-4
  • Miroshnik, V., & Basu, D. (2012). Organizational culture as resource: A review. Keiei to Keizai, 92, 45–86.
  • Muijs, D. (2010). Doing quantitative research in education with SPSS. London: Sage.
  • Müller, R., Lipp, L., & Plüss, A. (2014). Der Verwaltungsrat: ein Handbuch für Theorie und Praxis (4th ed.). Zürich: Schulthess Juristische Medien.
  • Nawi, A. S., Ismail, I. B., Zakaria, Z., Noor, J. M. M., Bin, B. A., Ahmad, S., … Sallem, N. R. M. (2012). The roles of government funding in enhancing the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprise in Sabah, Malaysia. Asian Social Science, 8, 24–30. doi: 10.5539/ass.v8n15p24
  • Neher, A. (2015). The influence of the embedment of managerial values on the corporate financial performance of small and medium-sized Swiss enterprises (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Charles Sturt University, Bathurst.
  • Neher, A., Jungmeister, A., Wang, C., & Burmeister, O. (2018). The effect of embedded managerial values on corporate financial Outcomes. In M. Schwartz, H. Harris, & D. Comer (Eds.), visual ethics (pp. 165–204). New York: Emerald.
  • Nesensohn, C., Bryde, D., Ochieng, E., & Fearon, D. (2014). Maturity and maturity models in lean construction. Australasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building, 14, 45–59. doi: 10.5130/AJCEB.v14i1.3641
  • Ngai, E. W. T., Chau, D. C. K., Poon, J. K. L., & To, C. K. M. (2013). Energy and utility management maturity model for sustainable manufacturing process. International Journal of Production Economics, 146, 453–464. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2012.12.018
  • Niessink, F., Clerc, V., Tijdink, T., & van Vliet, H. (2005). The IT service capability maturity model. In IT Service CMM Version 1.0. Bilthoven: Vrije Universiteit.
  • O’Dwyer, M., & Gilmore, A. (2019). Competitor orientation in successful SMEs: An exploration of the impact on innovation. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 27(1), 21–37. doi: 10.1080/0965254X.2017.1384040
  • O’Neil, S. M., & Horne, A. L. (2012). Evaluating the internalization of core values at a South African public service organization. South African Journal of Human Resource Management, 10, 1–14.
  • Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2004). OECD principles of corporate governance. Paris: OECD.
  • Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2014). OECD principles of corporate governance: Draft for public comment. Paris: OECD.
  • Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2015a). G20/OECD principles of corporate governance. Paris: OECD.
  • Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2015b). Taxation of SMEs in OECD and G20 countries. Paris: OECD.
  • Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2017). Small, medium, strong. Trends in SME performance and business conditions. Paris: OECD.
  • Padaki, V. (2001). Coming to grips with organizational values. In D. Eade (Ed.), Debating development: NGOs and the future (pp. 189–208). Oxford: Oxfam.
  • Pant, P. N., & Lachman, R. (1998). Value incongruity and strategic choice. Journal of Management Studies, 35, 195–212. doi: 10.1111/1467-6486.00090
  • Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
  • Peach Property Group. (2011). 2010 annual report.
  • Peat, R. (2003). Values drive value. University of Auckland Business Review, 5, 1–11.
  • Pöppelbuss, J., & Röglinger, M. (2011). What makes a useful maturity model? A framework of general design principles for maturity models and its demonstration in business process management. Paper presented at the European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS), Helsinki.
  • Purang, P., & Sharma, A. (2007). Value institutionalization enhances commitment: A perspective of culture in Indian organizations. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 43, 13–32.
  • Raiborn, C. A., & Payne, D. (1990). Corporate codes of conduct: A collective conscience and continuum. Journal of Business Ethics, 9, 879–889. doi: 10.1007/BF00382911
  • Ralston, D. A., Gustafson, D. J., Terpstra, R. H., Holt, D. H., Fanny, C., & Ribbens, B. A. (1993). The impact of managerial values on decision-making behavior: A comparison of the United States and Hong Kong. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 10, 21–37. doi: 10.1007/BF01732222
  • Rice, J., Liao, T.-S., Galvin, P., & Martin, N. (2015). A configuration-based approach to integrating dynamic capabilities and market transformation in small and medium-sized enterprises to achieve firm performance. International Small Business Journal, 33, 231–253. doi: 10.1177/0266242613495035
  • Riekhof, H.-C. (2010). Die sechs Hebel der Strategienumsetzung: Plan-Ausführung-Erfolg. Stuttgart: Schäffer-Poeschel Verlag.
  • Robideaux, D., Miles, M. P., & White, J. (1993). Codes of ethics and firm size: A stakeholder approach to strategic planning. International Journal of Value Based Management (Merged with Journal of Business Ethics), 6(1), 49–60.
  • Rokeach, M. (1968). Beliefs, attitudes, and values: A theory of organization and change. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Rokeach, M. (1973). The nature of human values. New York: Free Press.
  • Sama, L. M. (2006). Interactive effects of external environmental conditions and internal firm characteristics on MNEs’ choice of strategy in the development of a code of conduct. Business Ethics Quarterly, 16, 137–165. doi: 10.5840/beq200616218
  • Sava, T., & Moisa, C. (2012). Approaches regarding the maturity analysis of quality management systems as a result of implementing ISO 9000 series. Management Strategies Journal, 15, 77–82.
  • Schminke, M. (2001). Considering the business in business ethics: An exploratory study of the influence of organizational size and structure on individual ethical predispositions. Journal of Business Ethics, 30, 375–390. doi: 10.1023/A:1010793308837
  • Scott, W. R. (2003). Organizations: Rational, natural, and open systems (5th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
  • Seifert, B., Morris, S. A., & Bartkus, B. R. (2004). Having, giving, and getting: Slack resources, corporate philanthropy, and firm financial performance. Business & Society, 43, 135–161. doi: 10.1177/0007650304263919
  • Sinha, R. R., & Date, H. A. (2013). A comparative analysis of knowledge management process maturity models. International Journal of Innovative Research and Studies, 2, 221–234.
  • Siriwardhane, P., & Taylor, D. (2014). Stakeholder prioritization by Mayors and CEOs in infrastructure asset decisions. Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 10, 355–381. doi: 10.1108/JAOC-03-2012-0018
  • Striukova, L., Unerman, J., & Guthrie, J. (2008). Corporate reporting of intellectual capital: Evidence from UK companies. The British Accounting Review, 40, 297–313. doi: 10.1016/j.bar.2008.06.001
  • Sullivan, W., Sullivan, R., & Buffton, B. (2001). Aligning individual and organizational values to support change. Journal of Change Management, 2, 247–254. doi: 10.1080/738552750
  • Svensson, G., Wood, G., Singh, J., Payan, J. M., & Callaghan, M. (2011). The embeddedness of codes of ethics in organizations in Australia, Canada, and the United States. Business Ethics: A European Review, 20, 405–417. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8608.2011.01623.x
  • Swiss Federal Statistical Office (SFSO). (2018). Statistical data on Switzerland 2018. Neuchâtel: Swiss Confederation, Federal Statistical Office.
  • United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). (2002). Corporate social responsibility: Implications for small and medium enterprises in developing countries.
  • Varbanova, L. (2012). Strategic management in the arts. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis.
  • Veal, A. J. (2005). Research methods for leisure and tourism: A practical guide (2nd ed.). Frenchs Forest: Pearson Education.
  • Walsh, G., Schubert, P., & Jones, C. (2010). Enterprise system investments for competitive advantage: An empirical study of Swiss SMEs. European Management Review, 7, 180–189. doi: 10.1057/emr.2010.12
  • Westwood, R. I., & Posner, B. Z. (1997). Managerial values across cultures: Australia, Hong Kong, and the United States. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 14, 31–66. doi: 10.1023/A:1015481028914
  • Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and application: Design and methods (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Yuthas, K., Rogers, R., & Dillard, J. (2002). Communicative action and corporate annual reports. Journal of Business Ethics, 41, 141–157. doi: 10.1023/A:1021314626311

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.