423
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Defendant psychopathic traits, but not defendant gender, predict death penalty verdicts in mock-juror decision making

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, &

References

  • Aguinis, H., Villamor, I., & Ramani, R. S. (2021). MTurk research: Review and recommendations. Journal of Management, 47(4), 823–837. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206320969787
  • Ahola, A. S., Hellström, Å., & Christianson, S. Å. (2010). Is justice really blind? Effects of crime descriptions, defendant gender and appearance, and legal practitioner gender on sentences and defendant evaluations in a Mock Trial. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 17(2), 304–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218710903566896
  • Allen, M., Mabry, E., & McKelton, D. (1998). Impact of juror attitudes about the death penalty on juror evaluations of guilt and punishment: A meta-analysis. Law and Human Behavior, 22(6), 715–731. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025763008533
  • Assadi, S. M., Noroozian, M., Pakravannejad, M., Yahyazadeh, O., Aghayan, S., Shariat, S. V., & Fazel, S. (2006). Psychiatric morbidity among sentenced prisoners: Prevalence study in Iran. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 188(2), 159–164. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.188.2.159
  • Banasik, M., Gierowski, K., & Nowakowski, K. (2017). Aggressiveness and the intensity of psychopathic symptoms—Gender differences. Psychiatria Polska, 51(4), 751–762. https://doi.org/10.12740/pp/73973
  • Bellas, C. M. (2019). Female offenders and juries. In The encyclopedia of women and crime (pp. 1–2). American Cancer Society. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118929803.ewac0139
  • Berryessa, C. M., & Wohlstetter, B. (2019). The psychopathic “label” and effects on punishment outcomes: A meta-analysis. Law and Human Behavior, 43(1), 9–25. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000317
  • Beryl, R., Chou, S., & Völlm, B. (2014). A systematic review of psychopathy in women within secure settings. Personality and Individual Differences, 71, 185–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.07.033
  • Biernat, M., Kobrynowicz, D., & Weber, D. L. (2003). Stereotypes and shifting standards: Some paradoxical effects of cognitive load. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33(10), 2060–2079. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2003.tb01875.x
  • Blais, J., & Forth, A. E. (2014). Potential labeling effects: Influence of psychopathy diagnosis, defendant age, and defendant gender on mock jurors’ decisions. Psychology, Crime & Law, 20(2), 116–134. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2012.749473
  • Boccaccini, M. T., Murrie, D. C., Clark, J. W., & Cornell, D. G. (2008). Describing, diagnosing, and naming psychopathy: How do youth psychopathy labels influence jurors? Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 26(4), 487–510. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.821
  • Bornstein, B. H., Golding, J. M., Neuschatz, J., Kimbrough, C., Reed, K., Magyarics, C., & Luecht, K. (2017). Mock juror sampling issues in jury simulation research: A meta-analysis. Law and Human Behavior, 41(1), 13–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000223
  • Cale, E. M., & Lilienfeld, S. O. (2002). Sex differences in psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder: A review and integration. Clinical Psychology Review, 22(8), 1179–1207. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7358(01)00125-8
  • Chmielewski, M., & Kucker, S. C. (2020). An MTurk crisis? Shifts in data quality and the impact on study results. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 11(4), 464–473. https://doi.org/10.1177/194855061987514
  • Cima, M., & Raine, A. (2009). Distinct characteristics of psychopathy relate to different subtypes of aggression. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(8), 835–840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.06.031
  • Cleckley, H. (1941). The mask of sanity; an attempt to reinterpret the so-called psychopathic personality. (p. 298). Mosby.
  • Cleckley. (1998). The mask of sanity: An attempt to reinterpret the so-called psychopathic personality.
  • Coid, J., Yang, M., Ullrich, S., Roberts, A., Moran, P., Bebbington, P., Brugha, T., Jenkins, R., Farrell, M., Lewis, G., Singleton, N., & Hare, R. (2009). Psychopathy among prisoners in England and Wales. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 32(3), 134–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2009.02.008
  • Cox, J., & Kopkin, M. R. (2016). Defendant and victim sex, sexism, and decision making in an ambiguous assault case. Women & Criminal Justice, 26(5), 381–393. https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2016.1167153
  • Cox, J., Clark, J. C., Edens, J. F., Smith, S. T., & Magyar, M. S. (2013). Jury panel member perceptions of interpersonal-affective traits of psychopathy predict support for execution in a capital murder trial simulation. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 31(4), 411–428. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2073
  • Cox, J., DeMatteo, D. S., & Foster, E. E. (2010). The effect of the psychopathy checklist – Revised in capital cases: Mock jurors’ responses to the label of psychopathy. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 28(6), 878–891. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.958
  • Cox, J., Edens, J. F., Rulseh, A., & Clark, J. W. (2016). Juror perceptions of the interpersonal-affective traits of psychopathy predict sentence severity in a white-collar criminal case. Psychology, Crime & Law, 22(8), 721–740. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2016.1174864
  • Cox, J., Daquin, J. C., & Neal, T. M. S. (2022). Discretionary Prosecutorial Decision-Making: Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Bias in Intimate Partner Violence. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 49(11), 1699–1719. https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548221106498
  • de Vogel, V., & Lancel, M. (2016). Gender differences in the assessment and manifestation of psychopathy: Results from a multicenter study in forensic psychiatric patients. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 15(1), 97–110. https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2016.1138173
  • DeMatteo, D., & Olver, M. E. (2022). Use of the psychopathy checklist-revised in legal contexts: Validity, reliability, admissibility, and evidentiary issues. Journal of Personality Assessment, 104(2), 234–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2021.1955693
  • DeMatteo, D., Edens, J. F., Galloway, M., Cox, J., Smith, S. T., & Formon, D. (2014). The role and reliability of the psychopathy checklist—Revised in U.S. sexually violent predator evaluations: A case law survey. Law and Human Behavior, 38(3), 248–255. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000059
  • DeMatteo, D., Hart, S. D., Heilbrun, K., Boccaccini, M. T., Cunningham, M. D., Douglas, K. S., Dvoskin, J. A., Edens, J. F., Guy, L. S., Murrie, D. C., Otto, R. K., Packer, I. K., & Reidy, T. J. (2020). Statement of Concerned Experts on the Use of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised in Capital Sentencing to Assess Risk for Institutional Violence. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 26(2), 133–144. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000223
  • Devine, D. J. (2012). Jury decision making. New York University Press.
  • Diamond, S. S. (1997). Illuminations and shadows from jury simulations. Law and Human Behavior, 21(5), 561–571. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024831908377
  • Edens, J. F., Clark, J., Smith, S. T., Cox, J., & Kelley, S. E. (2013). Bold, smart, dangerous and evil: Perceived correlates of core psychopathic traits among jury panel members. Personality and Mental Health, 7(2), 143–153. https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.1221
  • Edens, J. F., Cox, J., Smith, S. T., DeMatteo, D., & Sörman, K. (2015). How reliable are Psychopathy Checklist–Revised scores in Canadian criminal trials? A case law review. Psychological Assessment, 27(2), 447–456. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000048
  • Edens, J. F., Desforges, D. M., Fernandez, K., & Palac, C. A. (2004). Effects of psychopathy and violence risk testimony on mock juror perceptions of dangerousness in a capital murder trial. Psychology, Crime & Law, 10(4), 393–412. https://doi.org/10.1080/10683160310001629274
  • Efferson, L. M., & Glenn, A. L. (2018). Examining gender differences in the correlates of psychopathy: A systematic review of emotional, cognitive, and morality-related constructs. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 41, 48–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2018.05.009
  • Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191.
  • Forouzan, E., & Cooke, D. J. (2005). Figuring out la femme fatale: Conceptual and assessment issues concerning psychopathy in females. Behavioral Sciences & the Law23(6), 765–778. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.669
  • ForsterLee, R., ForsterLee, L., Horowitz, I. A., & King, E. (2006). The effects of defendant race, victim race, and juror gender on evidence processing in a murder trial. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 24(2), 179–198. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.675
  • Goulette, N., Wooldredge, J., Frank, J., & Travis, L. (2015). From initial appearance to sentencing: Do female defendants experience disparate treatment? Journal of Criminal Justice, 43(5), 406–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2015.07.003
  • Grann, M. (2000). The PCL–R and gender. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 16(3), 147–149. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.16.3.147
  • Guy, L. S., & Edens, J. F. (2003). Juror decision-making in a mock sexually violent predator trial: Gender differences in the impact of divergent types of expert testimony. Behavioral Sciences & the Law21(2), 215–237. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.529
  • Guy, L. S., & Edens, J. F. (2006). Gender differences in attitudes toward psychopathic sexual offenders. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 24(1), 65–85. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.665
  • Hodell, E. C., Wasarhaley, N. E., Lynch, K. R., & Golding, J. M. (2014). Mock juror gender biases and perceptions of self-defense claims in intimate partner homicide. Journal of Family Violence, 29(5), 495–506. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-014-9609-2
  • Hurst v. Florida, 136 S.Ct. 616 (2016).
  • Jeandarme, I., Pouls, C., Oei, T. I., & Bogaerts, S. (2017). Forensic psychiatric patients with comorbid psychopathy: Double trouble? International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 16(2), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2017.1286414
  • Johnson, J. B., Kennedy, T. D., & Shuman, I. G. (1987). Gender differences in the sentencing of felony offenders. Federal Probation, 1987(1), 51.
  • Jones, J. M. (2021). Death penalty support holding at five-decade low. Gallup. https://news.gallup.com/poll/357440/death-penalty-support-holding-five-decade-low.aspx
  • Jones, S., & Cauffman, E. Ph. D. (2008). Juvenile psychopathy and judicial decision making: An empirical analysis of an ethical dilemma. Behavioral Sciences & the Law26(2), 151–165. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.792
  • Keesler, M. E., & DeMatteo, D. (2017). How media exposure relates to laypersons’ understanding of psychopathy. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 62(6), 1522–1533. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.13485
  • Kelley, S. E., Edens, J. F., Mowle, E. N., Penson, B. N., & Rulseh, A. (2019). Dangerous, depraved, and death-worthy: A meta-analysis of the correlates of perceived psychopathy in jury simulation studies. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 75(4), 627–643. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22726
  • Kennealy, P. J., Hicks, B. M., & Patrick, C. J. (2007). Validity of factors of the Psychopathy Checklist—Revised in female prisoners: Discriminant relations with antisocial behavior, substance abuse, and personality. Assessment, 14(4), 323–340. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191107305882
  • Krauss, D. A., McCabe, J. G., & Lieberman, J. D. (2012). Dangerously misunderstood: Representative jurors’ reactions to expert testimony on future dangerousness in a sexually violent predator trial. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 18(1), 18–49. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024550
  • Kreis, M. K. F., & Cooke, D. J. (2011). Capturing the psychopathic female: A prototypicality analysis of the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP) across gender. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 29(5), 634–648. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.1003
  • Lee, Y., & Kim, J. (2022). Psychopathic traits and different types of criminal behavior: An assessment of direct effects and mediating processes. Journal of Criminal Justice, 80, 101772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2020.101772
  • Logan, C., & Weizmann-Henelius, G. (2012). Psychopathy in women: Presentation, assessment, and management. Psychopathy and Law. A Practitioner’s Guide. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Lui, J. H. L., Reiter, S. R., Barry, C. T., & Robinson, S. (2019). Effects of genetic and environmental explanations of psychopathy and gender on perceptions of criminal behaviors. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 30(3), 467–483. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2019.1570542
  • Maeder, E. M., & Dempsey, J. L. (2013). A likely story? The influence of type of Alibi and defendant gender on juror decision-making. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 20(4), 543–552. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2012.727066
  • Marshall, J., Lilienfeld, S. O., Mayberg, H., & Clark, S. E. (2017). The role of neurological and psychological explanations in legal judgments of psychopathic wrongdoers. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 28(3), 412–436. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2017.1291706
  • Mazzella, R., & Feingold, A. (1994). The effects of physical attractiveness, race, socioeconomic status, and gender of defendants and victims on judgments of Mock Jurors: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24(15), 1315–1338. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1994.tb01552.x
  • McCabe, J. G., Krauss, D. A., & Lieberman, J. D. (2010). Reality check: A comparison of college students and a community sample of mock jurors in a simulated sexual violent predator civil commitment. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 28(6), 730–750. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.902
  • McCoy, M. L., & Gray, J. M. (2007). The impact of defendant gender and relationship to victim on juror decisions in a child sexual abuse case. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37(7), 1578–1593. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00228.x
  • Meaux, L. T., Cox, J., & Kopkin, M. R. (2018). Saving damsels, sentencing deviants and selective chivalry decisions: Juror decision-making in an ambiguous assault case. Psychiatry, Psychology, and Law, 25(5), 724–736. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2018.1474817
  • Neal, T. M., & Cramer, R. J. (2017). Moral disengagement in legal judgments. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 14(4), 745–761. https://doi.org/10.1111/jels.12163
  • Nicholls, T. L., & Petrila, J. (2005). Gender and psychopathy: An overview of important issues and introduction to the special issue. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 23(6), 729–741. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.677
  • Porter, S., Woodworth, M. T., & Black, P. J. (2018). Psychopathy and aggression. In Handbook of psychopathy (2nd ed. pp. 611–634). The Guilford Press.
  • Pozzulo, J. D., Dempsey, J., Maeder, E., & Allen, L. (2010). The effects of victim gender, defendant gender, and defendant age on juror decision making. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 37(1), 47–63. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854809344173
  • Quas, J. A., Bottoms, B. L., Haegerich, T. M., & Nysse-Carris, K. L. (2002). Effects of victim, defendant, and juror gender on decisions in child sexual assault cases. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32(10), 1993–2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb02061.x
  • Remmel, R. J., Glenn, A. L., & Cox, J. (2019). Biological evidence regarding psychopathy does not affect mock jury sentencing. Journal of Personality Disorders, 33(2), 164–184. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2018_32_337
  • Ring v. Arizona, 536 U.S. 584 (2002).
  • Rogers, P., & Davies, M. (2007). Perceptions of victims and perpetrators in a depicted child sexual abuse case: Gender and age factors. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 22(5), 566–584. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260506298827
  • Rulseh, A., Edens, J. F., & Cox, J. (2017). Triarchic model personality traits and their impact on mock juror perceptions of a white-collar criminal defendant. Journal of Personality Assessment, 99(5), 453–464. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2016.1238830v
  • Salekin, R. T., Rogers, R., Ustad, K. L., & Sewell, K. W. (1998). Psychopathy and recidivism among female inmates. Law and Human Behavior, 22(1), 109–128. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025780806538
  • Schutte, J. W., & Hosch, H. M. (1997). Gender differences in sexual assault verdicts: A meta-analysis. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 12(3), 761. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0008512
  • Skeem, J. L., & Cooke, D. J. (2010). Is criminal behavior a central component of psychopathy? Conceptual directions for resolving the debate. Psychological Assessment, 22(2), 433–445.
  • Smith, S. T., Edens, J. F., Clark, J., & Rulseh, A. (2014). So, what is a psychopath?” Venireperson perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes about psychopathic personality. Law and Human Behavior, 38(5), 490–500. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000091
  • Sörman, K., Cox, J., Rimsten, C. E., Stanziani, M., Lernestedt, C., Kristiansson, M., & Howner, K. (2020). Perceptions of mental health conditions in criminal cases: A survey study involving Swedish Lay Judges. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 47(6), 688–711. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854820910774
  • Strub, T., & McKimmie, B. M. (2016). Sugar and spice and all things nice: The role of gender stereotypes in jurors’ perceptions of criminal defendants. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 23(4), 487–498. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2015.1080151
  • Summers, A., Hayward, R. D., & Miller, M. K. (2010). Death qualification as systematic exclusion of jurors with certain religious and other characteristics. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 40(12), 3218–3234. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2010.00698.x
  • Tomsich, E. A., Richards, T. N., & Gover, A. R. (2014). A review of sex disparities in the “key players” of the capital punishment process: From defendants to jurors. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 39(4), 732–752. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-014-9266-2
  • Verona, E., & Vitale, J. (2018). Psychopathy in women: Assessment, manifestations, and etiology. Guilford Publications.
  • Vidal, S., & Skeem, J. L. (2007). Effect of psychopathy, Abuse, and ethnicity on juvenile probation officers’ decision-making and supervision strategies. Law and Human Behavior, 31(5), 479–498. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-006-9077-1
  • Vidmar, N. (2005). Expert evidence, the adversary system, and the jury. American Journal of Public Health, 95(S1), S137–S143. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2004.044677
  • Voss, J. F., & Van Dyke, J. A. (2001). Narrative structure, information certainty, emotional content, and gender as factors in a pseudo jury decision-making task. Discourse Processes, 32(2), 215–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/0163853X.2001.9651599
  • Warren, J. I., & South, S. C. (2006). Comparing the constructs of antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy in a sample of incarcerated women. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 24(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.663
  • Warren, J. I., Burnette, M. L., South, S. C., Chauhan, P., Bale, R., Friend, R., & Van Patten, I. (2003). Psychopathy in women: Structural modeling and comorbidity. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 26(3), 223–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-2527(03)00034-7
  • Weizmann-Henelius, G., Putkonen, H., Grönroos, M., Lindberg, N., Eronen, M., & Häkkänen-Nyholm, H. (2010). Examination of psychopathy in female homicide offenders—Confirmatory factor analysis of the PCL-R. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 33(3), 177–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2010.03.008
  • Wiest, J. B., & Duffy, M. (2013). The impact of gender roles on verdicts and sentences in cases of filicide. Criminal Justice Studies, 26(3), 347–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/1478601X.2012.733873
  • Witherspoon v. Arizona, 497 U.S. 639 (1990).
  • Wolde, A., Tesfaye, Y., & Yitayih, Y. (2021). Psychopathy and associated factors among newly admitted prisoners in correctional institution located in Bench Sheko and West Omo Zone, South West Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 14, 261–273. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S294013

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.