Emotion regulation strategies in borderline personality disorder: a meta-analysis

References

• Abela, J. R., Payne, A. V., & Moussaly, N. (2003). Cognitive vulnerability to depression in individuals with borderline personality disorder. Journal of Personality Disorders, 17(4), 319–329. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.17.4.319.23968
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Aldao, A. & Dixon-Gordon, K. L. (2014). Broadening the scope of research on emotion regulation strategies and psychopathology. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 43(1), 22–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2013.816769
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aldao, A. & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2010). Specificity of cognitive emotion regulation strategies: A transdiagnostic examination. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 48(10), 974–983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2010.06.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aldao, A., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Schweizer, S. (2010). Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(2), 217–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2009.11.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
   Google Scholar
• Baer, R. A. & Sauer, S. E. (2011). Relationships between depressive rumination, anger rumination, and borderline personality features. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 2(2), 142. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019478
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., & Allen, K. B. (2004). Assessment of mindfulness by self-report: The Kentucky inventory of mindfulness skills. Assessment, 11(3), 191–206. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191104268029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13(1), 27–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191105283504
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Beblo, T., Fernando, S., Kamper, P., Griepenstroh, J., Aschenbrenner, S., Pastuszak, A., Schlosser, N., & Driessen, M. (2013). Increased attempts to suppress negative and positive emotions in borderline personality disorder. Psychiatry Research, 210(2), 505–509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2013.06.036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berking, M., Neacsiu, A., Comtois, K. A., & Linehan, M. M. (2009). The impact of experiential avoidance on the reduction of depression in treatment for borderline personality disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47(8), 663–670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2009.04.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berking, M. & Wupperman, P. (2012). Emotion regulation and mental health: Recent findings, current challenges, and future directions. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 25(2), 128–134. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0b013e3283503669
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borenstein, M., Hedges, L., Higgins, J., & Rothstein, H. (2005). Comprehensive meta analysis (Version 2) [Computer software]. Biostat.
   Google Scholar
• Borenstein, M., Hedges, J., Higgins, J., & Rothstein, H. (2009). Introduction to meta-analysis. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• *Bottesi, G., Tesini, V., Cerea, S., & Ghisi, M. (2018). Are difficulties in emotion regulation and intolerance of uncertainty related to negative affect in borderline personality disorder? The Clinical Psychologist, 22(2), 137–147. https://doi.org/10.1111/cp.12163
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Bray, S., Barrowclough, C., & Lobban, F. (2007). The social problem-solving abilities of people with borderline personality disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45(6), 1409–1417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2006.06.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler, E. A., Egloff, B., Wlhelm, F. H., Smith, N. C., Erickson, E. A., & Gross, J. J. (2003). The social consequences of expressive suppression. Emotion, 3(1), 48. https://doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.3.1.48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell-Sills, L., Barlow, D. H., Brown, T. A., & Hofmann, S. G. (2006). Effects of suppression and acceptance on emotional responses of individuals with anxiety and mood disorders. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44(9), 1251–1263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2005.10.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carbia, C., López-Caneda, E., Corral, M., & Cadaveira, F. (2018). A systematic review of neuropsychological studies involving young binge drinkers. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 90, 332–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.04.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpenter, R. W. & Trull, T. J. (2013). Components of emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder: A review. Current Psychiatry Reports, 15(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-012-0335-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Carvalho Fernando, S., Beblo, T., Schlosser, N., Terfehr, K., Otte, C., Löwe, B., Wolf, O. T., Spitzer, C., Driessen, M., & Wingenfeld, K. (2014). The impact of self-reported childhood trauma on emotion regulation in borderline personality disorder and major depression. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 15(4), 384–401. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2013.863262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Chapman, A. L., Dixon-Gordon, K. L., & Walters, K. N. (2011). Experiential avoidance and emotion regulation in borderline personality disorder. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 29(1), 35–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-011-0124-6
   Google Scholar
• *Chapman, A. L., Dixon-Gordon, K. L., & Walters, K. N. (2013). Borderline personality features moderate emotion reactivity and emotion regulation in response to a fear stressor. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 4(5), 451–470. https://doi.org/10.5127/jep.031612
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman, A. L., Leung, D. W., & Lynch, T. R. (2008). Impulsivity and emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder. Journal of Personality Disorders, 22(2), 148–164. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2008.22.2.148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman, A. L., Rosenthal, M. Z., Dixon-Gordon, K. L., Turner, B. J., & Kuppens, P. (2017). Borderline personality disorder and the effects of instructed emotional avoidance or acceptance in daily life. Journal of Personality Disorders, 31(4), 483–502. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2016_30_264
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Chapman, A. L., Rosenthal, M. Z., & Leung, D. W. (2009). Emotion suppression in borderline personality disorder: An experience sampling study. Journal of Personality Disorders, 23(1), 29–47. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2009.23.1.29
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman, A. L., Specht, M. W., & Cellucci, T. (2005). Borderline personality disorder and deliberate self-harm: Does experiential avoidance play a role? Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior, 35(4), 388–399. https://doi.org/10.1521/suli.2005.35.4.388
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Cheavens, J. S. & Heiy, J. (2011). The differential roles of affect and avoidance in major depressive and borderline personality disorder symptoms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 30(5), 441–457. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2011.30.5.441
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiesa, A., Serretti, A., & Jakobsen, J. C. (2013). Mindfulness: Top–down or bottom–up emotion regulation strategy? Clinical Psychology Review, 33(1), 82–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2012.10.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dan-Glauser, E. S. & Scherer, K. R. (2012). The difficulties in emotion regulation scale (DERS). Swiss Journal of Psychology, 72(1), 5–11. https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/a000093
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Daros, A. R., Guevara, M. A., Uliaszek, A. A., McMain, S. F., & Ruocco, A. C. (2018). Cognitive emotion regulation strategies in borderline personality disorder: Diagnostic comparisons and associations with potentially harmful behaviors. Psychopathology, 51(2), 83–95. https://doi.org/10.1159/000487008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daros, A. R., Rodrigo, A. H., Norouzian, N., Darboh, B. S., McRae, K., & Ruocco, A. C. (2020). Cognitive reappraisal of negative emotional images in borderline personality disorder: Content analysis, perceived effectiveness, and diagnostic specificity. Journal of Personality Disorders, 34(2), 199–215. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2018_32_390
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daros, A. R. & Williams, G. E. (2019). A meta-analysis and systematic review of emotion-regulation strategies in borderline personality disorder. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 27(4), 217–232. https://doi.org/10.1097/hrp.0000000000000212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Das, P., Calhoun, V., & Malhi, G. S. (2014). Bipolar and borderline patients display differential patterns of functional connectivity among resting state networks. Neuroimage, 98, 73–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.04.062
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Dell’Osso, L., Cremone, I. M., Carpita, B., Dell’Oste, V., Muti, D., Massimetti, G., Barlati, S., Vita, A., Fagiolini, A., Carmassi, C., & Gesi, C. (2019). Rumination, posttraumatic stress disorder, and mood symptoms in borderline personality disorder. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 15, 1231. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S198616
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Didonna, F., Rossi, R., Ferrari, C., Iani, L., Pedrini, L., Rossi, N., Xodo, E., & Lanfredi, M. (2019). Relations of mindfulness facets with psychological symptoms among individuals with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder, major depressive disorder, or borderline personality disorder. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 92(1), 112–130. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12180
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Dimaggio, G., Popolo, R., Montano, A., Velotti, P., Perrini, F., Buonocore, L., Garofalo, C., D’Aguanno, M., & Salvatore, G. (2017). Emotion dysregulation, symptoms, and interpersonal problems as independent predictors of a broad range of personality disorders in an outpatient sample. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 90(4), 586–599. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Dixon-Gordon, K. L., Chapman, A. L., Lovasz, N., & Walters, K. (2011). Too upset to think: The interplay of borderline personality features, negative emotions, and social problem solving in the laboratory. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 2(4), 243–260. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021799
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duval, S. & Tweedie, R. (2000). Trim and fill: A simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis. Biometrics, 56(2), 455–463. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0006-341X.%202000.00455.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eisenberg, N. & Spinrad, T. L. (2004). Emotion‐related regulation: Sharpening the definition. Child Development, 75(2), 334–339. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00674.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Elices, M., Tejedor, R., Pascual, J. C., Carmona, C., Soriano, J., & Soler, J. (2019). Acceptance and present-moment awareness in psychiatric disorders: Is mindfulness mood dependent? Psychiatry Research, 273, 363–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.041
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Evans, D., Howard, M., Dudas, R., Denman, C., & Dunn, B. D. (2013). Emotion regulation in borderline personality disorder: Examining the consequences of spontaneous and instructed use of emotion suppression and emotion acceptance when viewing negative films. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 4(5), 546–565. https://doi.org/10.5127/jep.029512
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Evren, C., Karabulut, V., Alniak, I., Evren, B., Carkci, O. H., Yilmaz Cengel, H., Ozkara Menekseoglu, P., Cetin, T., Bozkurt, M., & Umut, G. (2019). Emotion dysregulation and internalizing symptoms affect relationships between ADHD symptoms and borderline personality features among male patients with substance use disorders. Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 29(4), 696–706. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1595271
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farb, N. A., Anderson, A. K., & Segal, Z. V. (2012). The mindful brain and emotion regulation in mood disorders. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 57(2), 70–77. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674371205700203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Fernando, S. C., Griepenstroh, J., Urban, S., Driessen, M., & Beblo, T. (2014). Aufmerksamkeitsbias und Emotionssuppression bei der Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung. Neuropsychiatrie, 28(3), 121–129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-014-0112-z
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fisher, R. A. (1970). Statistical methods for research workers. Oliver and Boyd.
   Google Scholar
• Ford, B. Q., Gross, J. J., & Gruber, J. (2019). Broadening our field of view: The role of emotion polyregulation. Emotion Review, 11(3), 197–208. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073919850314
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Gardner, K. J., Dodsworth, J., & Selby, E. A. (2014). Borderline personality traits, rumination, and self-injurious behavior: An empirical test of the emotional cascades model in adult male offenders. Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 14(5), 398–417. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2014.962379
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Garofalo, C., Velotti, P., Callea, A., Popolo, R., Salvatore, G., Cavallo, F., & Dimaggio, G. (2018). Emotion dysregulation, impulsivity and personality disorder traits: A community sample study. Psychiatry Research, 266, 186–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.05.067
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Geiger, P. J., Herr, N. R., & Peters, J. R. (2019). Deficits in mindfulness account for the link between borderline personality features and maladaptive humor styles. Personality and Individual Differences, 139, 19–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.10.035
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Geiger, P. J., Peters, J. R., & Baer, R. A. (2014). Using a measure of cognitive distortion to examine the relationship between thought suppression and borderline personality features: A multi-method investigation. Personality and Individual Differences, 59, 54–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.11.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Geiger, P. J., Peters, J. R., Sauer-Zavala, S. E., & Baer, R. A. (2013). Relationships among maladaptive cognitive content, dysfunctional cognitive processes, and borderline personality features. Journal of Personality Disorders, 27(4), 457–464. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2013_27_097
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gignac, G. E. & Szodorai, E. T. (2016). Effect size guidelines for individual differences researchers. Personality and Individual Differences, 102, 74–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.06.069
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Glenn, C. R. & Klonsky, E. D. (2009). Emotion dysregulation as a core feature of borderline personality disorder. Journal of Personality Disorders, 23(1), 20–28. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2009.23.1.20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gratz, K. L. & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:joba.0000007455.08539.94
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gratz, K. L., Rosenthal, M. Z., Tull, M. T., Lejuez, C. W., & Gunderson, J. G. (2006). An experimental investigation of emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115(4), 850. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.115.4.850
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Gratz, K. L., Tull, M. T., & Gunderson, J. G. (2008). Preliminary data on the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and borderline personality disorder: The role of experiential avoidance. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 42(7), 550–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2007.05.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grecucci, A., Pappaianni, E., Siugzdaite, R., Theuninck, A., & Job, R. (2015). Mindful emotion regulation: Exploring the neurocognitive mechanisms behind mindfulness. BioMed Research International, 2015, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/670724
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gross, J. J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review. Review of General Psychology, 2(3), 271–299. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271
   Google Scholar
• Gross, J. J. (2014). Emotion regulation: Conceptual and empirical foundations. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 3–20). The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gross, J. J. & Jazaieri, H. (2014). Emotion, emotion regulation, and psychopathology: An affective science perspective. Clinical Psychological Science, 2(4), 387–401. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702614536164
   Google Scholar
• Gross, J. J. & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348–362. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gross, J. J. & Levenson, R. W. (1993). Emotional suppression: Physiology, self-report, and expressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(6), 970–986. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.64.6.970
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Grove, J. L., Smith, T. W., Crowell, S. E., & Ellis, J. H. (2017). Preliminary evidence for emotion dysregulation as a mechanism underlying poor sleep quality in borderline personality disorder. Journal of Personality Disorders, 31(4), 542–552. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2016_30_261
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haas, B. W. & Miller, J. D. (2015). Borderline personality traits and brain activity during emotional perspective taking. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 6(4), 315. https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000130
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Haliczer, L. A., Dixon-Gordon, K. L., Law, K. C., Anestis, M. D., Rosenthal, M. Z., & Chapman, A. L. (2020). Emotion regulation difficulties and borderline personality disorder: The moderating role of race. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 11(4), 280. https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000355
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallion, L. S., Steinman, S. A., Tolin, D. F., & Diefenbach, G. J. (2018). Psychometric properties of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale (DERS) and its short forms in adults with emotional disorders. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 539. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00539
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes, S. C., Bissett, R. T., Korn, Z., Zettle, R. D., Rosenfarb, I. S., Cooper, L. D., & Grundt, A. M. (1999). The impact of acceptance versus control rationales on pain tolerance. The Psychological Record, 49(1), 33–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03395305
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K., Wilson, K. G., Bissett, R. T., Pistorello, J., Toarmino, D., Polusny, M. A., Dykstra, T. A., Batten, S. V., Bergan, J., Stewart, S. H., Zvolensky, M. J., Eifert, G. H., Bond, F. W., Forsyth, J. P., Karekla, M., & McCurry, S. M. (2004). Measuring experiential avoidance: A preliminary test of a working model. The Psychological Record, 54(4), 553–578. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03395492
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes, S. C., Wilson, K. G., Gifford, E. V., Follette, V. M., & Strosahl, K. (1996). Experiential avoidance and behavioral disorders: A functional dimensional approach to diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64(6), 1152–1168. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.64.6.1152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedges, L. & Olkin, I. (1985). Statistical methods for meta-analysis. Harcourt, Brace, & Jovanovich.
   Google Scholar
• Higgins, J. P., Thompson, S. G., Deeks, J. J., & Altman, D. G. (2003). Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 327(7414), 557–560. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Iverson, K. M., Follette, V. M., Pistorello, J., & Fruzzetti, A. E. (2012). An investigation of experiential avoidance, emotion dysregulation, and distress tolerance in young adult outpatients with borderline personality disorder symptoms. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 3(4), 415. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023703
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Jones, J., Penner, F., Schramm, A. T., & Sharp, C. (2020). Experiential avoidance in adolescents with borderline personality disorder: Comparison with a non-BPD psychiatric group and healthy controls. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 49(3), 197–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2019.1623303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobylińska, D. & Kusev, P. (2019). Flexible emotion regulation: How situational demands and individual differences influence the effectiveness of regulatory strategies. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 72. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00072
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Kovács, L. N., Schmelowszky, Á., Galambos, A., & Kökönyei, G. (2021). Rumination mediates the relationship between personality organization and symptoms of borderline personality disorder and depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 168, 110339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110339
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Krause-Utz, A., Erol, E., Brousianou, A. V., Cackowski, S., Paret, C., Ende, G., & Elzinga, B. (2019). Self-reported impulsivity in women with borderline personality disorder: The role of childhood maltreatment severity and emotion regulation difficulties. Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, 6(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-019-0101-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• *Krause-Utz, A., Oei, N. Y., Niedtfeld, I., Bohus, M., Spinhoven, P., Schmahl, C., & Elzinga, B. M. (2012). Influence of emotional distraction on working memory performance in borderline personality disorder. Psychological Medicine, 42(10), 2181–2192. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291712000153
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Krause-Utz, A., Walther, J. C., Lis, S., Schmahl, C., & Bohus, M. (2018). Heart rate variability during a cognitive reappraisal task in female patients with borderline personality disorder: The role of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and dissociation. Psychological Medicine, 49(11), 1810–1821. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718002489
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Kuo, J. R., Fitzpatrick, S., Krantz, L. H., & Zeifman, R. J. (2018). How do you choose and how well does it work?: The selection and effectiveness of emotion regulation strategies and their relationship with borderline personality disorder feature severity. Cognition & Emotion, 32(3), 632–640. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2017.1330254
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuo, J. R. & Linehan, M. M. (2009). Disentangling emotion processes in borderline personality disorder: Physiological and self-reported assessment of biological vulnerability, baseline intensity, and reactivity to emotionally evocative stimuli. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 118(3), 531. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016392
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuo, J. R., Neacsiu, A. D., Fitzpatrick, S., & MacDonald, D. E. (2014). A methodological examination of emotion inductions in borderline personality disorder: A comparison of standardized versus idiographic stimuli. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 36(1), 155–164. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-013-9378-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavender, J. M., Wonderlich, S. A., Engel, S. G., Gordon, K. H., Kaye, W. H., & Mitchell, J. E. (2015). Dimensions of emotion dysregulation in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: A conceptual review of the empirical literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 40, 111–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2015.05.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Leible, T. L. & Snell, W. E., Jr. (2004). Borderline personality disorder and multiple aspects of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 37(2), 393–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2003.09.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieb, K., Zanarini, M. C., Schmahl, C., Linehan, M. M., & Bohus, M. (2004). Borderline personality disorder. The Lancet, 364(9432), 453–461. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16770-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linehan, M. (2014). DBT Training Manual. The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Linehan, M. M. & Kehrer, C. A. (1993). Borderline personality disorder. In D. H. Barlow (Ed.), Clinical handbook of psychological disorders: A step-by-step treatment manual (pp. 396–441). The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Linehan, M. M. & Wilks, C. R. (2015). The course and evolution of dialectical behavior therapy. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 69(2), 97–110. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.2015.69.2.97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipsey, M. W. & Wilson, D. B. (2001). Practical meta-analysis. SAGE Publications.
   Google Scholar
• *Lotfi, M., Amini, M., Fathi, A., Karami, A., Ghiasi, S., & Sadeghi, S. (2018). Cognitive emotion regulation strategies in prisoners with borderline personality disorder. Practice in Clinical Psychology, 6(3), 153–158. http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-530-en.html
   Google Scholar
• *Maurex, L., Lekander, M., Nilsonne, Å., Andersson, E. E., Åsberg, M., & Öhman, A. (2010). Social problem solving, autobiographical memory, trauma, and depression in women with borderline personality disorder and a history of suicide attempts. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49(3), 327–342. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466509X454831
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mayer, R. E. (1998). Cognitive, metacognitive, and motivational aspects of problem solving. Instructional Science, 26(1), 49–63. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1003088013286
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Meaney, R., Hasking, P., Reupert, A., & Aleman, A. (2016). Borderline personality disorder symptoms in college students: The complex interplay between alexithymia, emotional dysregulation and rumination. PLoS One, 11(6), e0157294. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157294
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Méndez-Bustos, P., Calati, R., Rubio-Ramírez, F., Olié, E., Courtet, P., & Lopez-Castroman, J. (2019). Effectiveness of psychotherapy on suicidal risk: A systematic review of observational studies. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 277. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00277
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mennin, D. S. & Fresco, D. M. (2010). Emotion regulation as an integrative framework for understanding and treating psychopathology. In A. M. Kring & D. M. Sloan (Eds.), Emotion regulation and psychopathology: A transdiagnostic approach to etiology and treatment (pp. 356–379). The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• *Napolitano, S., Yaroslavsky, I., & France, C. M. (2020). Is it personal? Context moderates BPD effects on spontaneous rumination and distress. Journal of Personality Disorders, 34(2), 161–180. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2018_32_387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nashiro, K., Sakaki, M., & Mather, M. (2012). Age differences in brain activity during emotion processing: Reflections of age-related decline or increased emotion regulation. Gerontology, 58(2), 156–163. https://doi.org/10.1159/000328465
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Neacsiu, A. D., Bohus, M., & Linehan, M. M. (2014). Dialectical behavior therapy: An intervention for emotion dysregulation. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 491–507). The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• *Neacsiu, A. D. & Tkachuck, M. A. (2016). Dialectical behavior therapy skills use and emotion dysregulation in personality disorders and psychopathy: A community self-report study. Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, 3(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-016-0041-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nechita, D. M., Bud, S., & David, D. (2021). Shame and eating disorders symptoms: A meta‐analysis. The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 54(11), 1899–1945. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23583
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nica, E. I. & Links, P. S. (2009). Affective instability in borderline personality disorder: Experience sampling findings. Current Psychiatry Reports, 11(1), 74–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-009-0012-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Nicastro, R., Jermann, F., Bondolfi, G., & McQuillan, A. (2010). Assessment of mindfulness with the French version of the Kentucky inventory of mindfulness skills in community and borderline personality disorder samples. Assessment, 17(2), 197–205. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191110363551
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Niedtfeld, I., Schulze, L., Kirsch, P., Herpertz, S. C., Bohus, M., & Schmahl, C. (2010). Affect regulation and pain in borderline personality disorder: A possible link to the understanding of self-injury. Biological Psychiatry, 68(4), 383–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.04.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NIH. (2018). Quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. Retrieved from: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/healthtopics/study-quality-assessment-tools
   Google Scholar
• Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1991). Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(4), 569–582. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.100.4.569
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oakley, M. (2020). Associations between emotion regulation flexibility, executive functioning, and borderline personality disorder features. Doctoral Dissertations, 1857. https://doi.org/10.7275/15908338
   Google Scholar
• Ochsner, K. N., Silvers, J. A., & Buhle, J. T. (2012). Functional imaging studies of emotion regulation: A synthetic review and evolving model of the cognitive control of emotion. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1251(1), E1. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06751.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perroud, N., Nicastro, R., Jermann, F., & Huguelet, P. (2012). Mindfulness skills in borderline personality disorder patients during dialectical behavior therapy: Preliminary results. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 16(3), 189–196. https://doi.org/10.3109/13651501.2012.674531
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Peters, J. R., Chester, D. S., Walsh, E. C., DeWall, C. N., & Baer, R. A. (2018). The rewarding nature of provocation-focused rumination in women with borderline personality disorder: A preliminary fMRI investigation. Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-018-0079-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• *Peters, J. R., Eisenlohr-Moul, T. A., Upton, B. T., Talavera, N. A., Folsom, J. J., & Baer, R. A. (2017). Characteristics of repetitive thought associated with borderline personality features: A multimodal investigation of ruminative content and style. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 39(3), 456–466. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-017-9594-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Pietrek, C., Popov, T., Steffen, A., Miller, G. A., & Rockstroh, B. (2012). Neuromagnetic indication of dysfunctional emotion regulation in affective disorders. Depression Research and Treatment, 2012, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/156529
   Google Scholar
• Pistorello, J., Hayes, S. C., Costello, E., Simpson, E., Begin, A., Rosen, K., & Pearlstein, T. (2015). Suppression, acceptance, and monitoring of personally-relevant unwanted thoughts in women diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 6(4), 411–432. https://doi.org/10.5127/jep.042614
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putnam, K. M. & Silk, K. R. (2005). Emotion dysregulation and the development of borderline personality disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 17(4), 899–925. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954579405050431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Rosenstein, L. K., Ellison, W. D., Walsh, E., Chelminski, I., Dalrymple, K., & Zimmerman, M. (2018). The role of emotion regulation difficulties in the connection between childhood emotional abuse and borderline personality features. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 9(6), 590–594. https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000294
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Rosenthal, M. Z., Cheavens, J. S., Lejuez, C. W., & Lynch, T. R. (2005). Thought suppression mediates the relationship between negative affect and borderline personality disorder symptoms. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43(9), 1173–1185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2004.08.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Rosenthal, M. Z., Cukrowicz, K. C., Cheavens, J. S., & Lynch, T. R. (2006). Self-punishment as a regulation strategy in borderline personality disorder. Journal of Personality Disorders, 20(3), 232–246. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2006.20.3.232
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenthal, M. Z., Gratz, K. L., Kosson, D. S., Cheavens, J. S., Lejuez, C. W., & Lynch, T. R. (2008). Borderline personality disorder and emotional responding: A review of the research literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 28(1), 75–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2007.04.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruocco, A. C., Amirthavasagam, S., Choi-Kain, L. W., & McMain, S. F. (2013). Neural correlates of negative emotionality in borderline personality disorder: An activation-likelihood-estimation meta-analysis. Biological Psychiatry, 73(2), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.07.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sachse, S., Keville, S., & Feigenbaum, J. (2011). A feasibility study of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy for individuals with borderline personality disorder. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 84(2), 184–200. https://doi.org/10.1348/147608310X516387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Salsman, N. L. & Linehan, M. M. (2012). An investigation of the relationships among negative affect, difficulties in emotion regulation, and features of borderline personality disorder. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 34(2), 260–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-012-9275-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanislow, C. A., Grilo, C. M., Morey, L. C., Bender, D. S., Skodol, A. E., Gunderson, J. G., Shea, M. T., Stout, R. L., Zanarini, M. C., & McGlashan, T. H. (2002). Confirmatory factor analysis of DSM-IV criteria for borderline personality disorder: Findings from the collaborative longitudinal personality disorders study. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 159(2), 284–290. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.2.284
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Sauer, S. E. & Baer, R. A. (2009). Relationships between thought suppression and symptoms of borderline personality disorder. Journal of Personality Disorders, 23(1), 48–61. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2009.23.1.48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Sauer, C., Sheppes, G., Lackner, H. K., Arens, E. A., Tarrasch, R., & Barnow, S. (2016). Emotion regulation choice in female patients with borderline personality disorder: Findings from self-reports and experimental measures. Psychiatry Research, 242, 375–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.113
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Sauer-Zavala, S. E., Geiger, P. J., & Baer, R. A. (2013). The effect of anger rumination in the relationship between borderline personality disorder symptoms and precursors. Journal of Personality Disorders, 27(4), 465–472. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2013_27_098
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Scheibner, H. J., Spengler, S., Kanske, P., Roepke, S., & Bermpohl, F. (2016). Behavioral assessment of mindfulness difficulties in borderline personality disorder. Mindfulness, 7(6), 1316–1326. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-016-0572-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Schoenleber, M. & Berenbaum, H. (2012). Aversion and proneness to shame in self-and informant-reported personality disorder symptoms. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 3(3), 294. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025654
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Schramm, A. T., Venta, A., & Sharp, C. (2013). The role of experiential avoidance in the association between borderline features and emotion regulation in adolescents. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 4(2), 138. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031389
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulze, L., Domes, G., Krüger, A., Berger, C., Fleischer, M., Prehn, K., Schmahl, C., Grossmann, A., Hauenstein, K., & Herpertz, S. C. (2011). Neuronal correlates of cognitive reappraisal in borderline patients with affective instability. Biological Psychiatry, 69(6), 564–573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.10.025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Selby, E. A., Fehling, K. B., Panza, E. A., & Kranzler, A. (2016). Rumination, mindfulness, and borderline personality disorder symptoms. Mindfulness, 7(1), 228–235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0432-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Selby, E. A. & Joiner, T. E., Jr. (2009). Cascades of emotion: The emergence of borderline personality disorder from emotional and behavioral dysregulation. Review of General Psychology, 13(3), 219–229. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015687
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shapiro, S. L., Carlson, L. E., Astin, J. A., & Freedman, B. (2006). Mechanisms of mindfulness. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(3), 373–386. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20237
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheppes, G., Scheibe, S., Suri, G., Radu, P., Blechert, J., & Gross, J. J. (2014). Emotion regulation choice: A conceptual framework and supporting evidence. Journal of Experimental Psychology General, 143(1), 163. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030831
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Shorey, R. C., Elmquist, J., Wolford-Clevenger, C., Gawrysiak, M. J., Anderson, S., & Stuart, G. L. (2016). The relationship between dispositional mindfulness, borderline personality features, and suicidal ideation in a sample of women in residential substance use treatment. Psychiatry Research, 238, 122–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siever, L. J., Torgersen, S., Gunderson, J. G., Livesley, W. J., & Kendler, K. S. (2002). The borderline diagnosis III: Identifying endophenotypes for genetic studies. Biological psychiatry, 51(12), 964–968. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01326-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Sinclair, H. & Feigenbaum, J. (2012). Trait emotional intelligence and borderline personality disorder. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(6), 674–679. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.12.022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sloan, E., Hall, K., Moulding, R., Bryce, S., Mildred, H., & Staiger, P. K. (2017). Emotion regulation as a transdiagnostic treatment construct across anxiety, depression, substance, eating and borderline personality disorders: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 57, 141–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.09.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Smart, L. M., Peters, J. R., & Baer, R. A. (2016). Development and validation of a measure of self-critical rumination. Assessment, 23(3), 321–332. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191115573300
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spaapen, D. L., Waters, F., Brummer, L., Stopa, L., & Bucks, R. S. (2014). The emotion regulation questionnaire: Validation of the ERQ-9 in two community samples. Psychological Assessment, 26(1), 46. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034474
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Steenkamp, M. M., Suvak, M. K., Dickstein, B. D., Shea, M. T., & Litz, B. T. (2015). Emotional functioning in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder: Comparison to borderline personality disorder and healthy controls. Journal of Personality Disorders, 29(6), 794–808. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2014_28_174
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Stepp, S. D., Scott, L. N., Morse, J. Q., Nolf, K. A., Hallquist, M. N., & Pilkonis, P. A. (2014). Emotion dysregulation as a maintenance factor of borderline personality disorder features. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 55(3), 657–666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.11.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sterne, J. A., Sutton, A. J., Ioannidis, J. P., Terrin, N., Jones, D. R., Lau, J., Carpenter, J., Rucker, G., Harbord, R. M., Schmid, C. H., Tetzlaff, J., Deeks, J. J., Peters, J., Macaskill, P., Schwarzer, G., Duval, S., Altman, D. G., Moher, D., & Higgins, J. P. (2011). Recommendations for examining and interpreting funnel plot asymmetry in meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. BMJ, 343(jul22 1), 343. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d4002
   Google Scholar
• *Stoffels, M., Nijs, M., Spinhoven, P., Mesbah, R., & Hagenaars, M. A. (2017). Emotion avoidance and fear bradycardia in patients with borderline personality disorder and healthy controls. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 57, 6–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2017.02.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Svaldi, J., Griepenstroh, J., Tuschen-Caffier, B., & Ehring, T. (2012). Emotion regulation deficits in eating disorders: A marker of eating pathology or general psychopathology? Psychiatry Research, 197(1–2), 103–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2011.11.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thornton, A. & Lee, P. (2000). Publication bias in meta-analysis: Its causes and consequences. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 53(2), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0895-4356(99)00161-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Trull, T. J. (1995). Borderline personality disorder features in nonclinical young adults: 1. Identification and validation. Psychological Assessment, 7(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.7.1.33
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Upton, B. T. (2011). Ruminative thought in individuals with borderline personality features [ University of Kentucky Master’s Theses 90]. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/90
   Google Scholar
• Victor, S. E. & Klonsky, E. D. (2016). Validation of a brief version of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale (DERS-18) in five samples. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 38(4), 582–589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-016-9547-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Watkins, E. R. (2009). Depressive rumination and co-morbidity: Evidence for brooding as a transdiagnostic process. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 27(3), 160–175. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-009-0098-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Webb, T. L., Miles, E., & Sheeran, P. (2012). Dealing with feeling: A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of strategies derived from the process model of emotion regulation. Psychological Bulletin, 138(4), 775. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027600
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Wupperman, P., Fickling, M., Klemanski, D. H., Berking, M., & Whitman, J. B. (2013). Borderline personality features and harmful dysregulated behavior: The mediational effect of mindfulness. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 69(9), 903–911. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.21969
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Wupperman, P., Neumann, C. S., & Axelrod, S. R. (2008). Do deficits in mindfulness underlie borderline personality features and core difficulties? Journal of Personality Disorders, 22(5), 466–482. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2008.22.5.466
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Wupperman, P., Neumann, C. S., Whitman, J. B., & Axelrod, S. R. (2009). The role of mindfulness in borderline personality disorder features. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 197(10), 766–771. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181b97343
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., DeLuca, C. J., Hennen, J., Khera, G. S., & Gunderson, J. G. (1998). The pain of being borderline: Dysphoric states specific to borderline personality disorder. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 6(4), 201–207. https://doi.org/10.3109/10673229809000330
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Hennen, J., & Silk, K. R. (2003). The longitudinal course of borderline psychopathology: 6-year prospective follow-up of the phenomenology of borderline personality disorder. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 160(2), 274–283. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.2.274
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Zielinski, M. J., Borders, A., & Giancola, P. R. (2015). Does hostile rumination mediate the associations between reported child abuse, parenting characteristics and borderline features in adulthood? Personality and Mental Health, 9(4), 288–297. https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.1306
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmermann, P. & Iwanski, A. (2014). Emotion regulation from early adolescence to emerging adulthood and middle adulthood: Age differences, gender differences, and emotion-specific developmental variations. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 38(2), 182–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025413515405
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar