The causes of I.C.T. use which increase time spent on the Internet by secondary school students and affect exposure to bullying from other students

References

• Aboujaoude, E. (2010). Problematic Internet use: An overview. World Psychiatry, 9(2), 85–90. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2051-5545.2010.tb00278.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aboujaoude, E. (2017). The Internet’s effect on personality traits: An important casualty of the “Internet addiction” paradigm. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 6(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.6.2017.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition – DSM-5. American Psychiatric Association.
   Google Scholar
• Battiti, R., Lo Cigno, R., Sabel, M., Orava, P., & Pehrson, B. (2005). Wireless LANs: From warchalking to open access networks. Mobile Networks and Applications, 10(3), 275–287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-005-6422-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bilić, V., & Ljubin, G. T. (2011). Pathological videogame use: The role of gender, self-esteem and educational context. Croatian Review of Rehabilitation Research, 47(2), 1–13.
   Google Scholar
• Bishop, J. (2013). The effect of deindividuation of the Internet. Troller on Criminal Procedure implementation: An interview with a Hater. International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 7(1), 28–48.
   Google Scholar
• Chou, C., Condron, L., & Belland, J. C. (2005). A review of the research on internet addiction. Educational Psychology Review, 17(4), 363–388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-005-8138-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demetrovics, Z., Szeredi, B., & Rózsa, S. (2008). The three-factor model of Internet addiction: The development of the problematic Internet use questionnaire. Behavior Research Methods, 40(2), 563–574. https://doi.org/10.3758/brm.40.2.563
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diomidous, M., Chardalias, K., Magita, A., Koutonias, P., Panagiotopoulou, P., & Mantas, J. (2016). Social and psychological effects of the Internet use. Acta Informatica Medica, 24(1), 66–69. https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2016.24.66-68
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Griffiths, M. D., & Szabo, A. (2014). Is excessive online usage a function of medium or activity? An empirical pilot study. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3(1), 74–77. https://doi.org/10.1556/JBA.2.2013.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grist, R., Cliffe, B., Denne, M., Croker, A., & Stallard, P. (2018). An online survey of young adolescent girls' use of the internet and smartphone apps for mental health support. BJPsych Open, 4(4), 302–306. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2018.43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, S., Murphy, F., Edwards, M., & James, J. (2008). Using online questionnaires to conduct nursing research. Nursing Times, 104(47), 66–69.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leung, L., & Lee, P. S. N. (2012). Impact of Internet literacy, Internet addiction, symptoms, and Internet activities on academic performance. Social Science Computer Review, 30(4), 403–418. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439311435217
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nalwa, K., & Anand, P. (2003). Internet addiction in students: A cause of concern. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 6(6), 653–656. https://doi.org/10.1089/109493103322725441
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pies, R. (2009). Should DSM-V designate “Internet addiction” a mental disorder? American Journal of Psychiatry, 6(2), 31–37.
   Google Scholar
• Pontes, H. M., Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2015). Clinical psychology of Internet addiction: A review of its conceptualization, prevalence, neuronal processes, and implications for treatment. Neuroscience and Neuroeconomics, 4(1), 1–13.
   Google Scholar
• Spada, M. M. (2014). An overview of problematic Internet use. Addictive Behaviors, 39(1), 3–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.09.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Starcevic, V., & Aboujaoude, E. (2017). Internet addiction: Reappraisal of an increasingly inadequate concept. CNS Spectrums, 22(1), 7–13. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852915000863
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Nielsen Company. (2017). Games 360 U. S. report. The Nielsen Company.
   Google Scholar
• Tsai, C. C., & Lin, S. S. (2003). Internet addiction of adolescents in Taiwan: An interview study. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 6(6), 649–652. https://doi.org/10.1089/109493103322725432
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• van Rooij, A. J., Schoenmakers, T. M., van den Eijnden, R. J. J. M., & van de Mheen, D. (2010). Compulsive Internet use: The role of online gaming and other Internet applications. The Journal of Adolescent Health, 47(1), 51–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.12.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vejmelka, L. (2012). Some determinants of peer violence in adolescence. Annual of Social Work, 19(2), 215–240.
   Google Scholar
• Yeap, J. A. L., Ramayah, T., Kurnia, S., Halim, H. A., & Noor, N. H. (2015). The assessment of internet addiction among university students: Some findings from a focus group study. Technical Gazette, 22(1), 105–111.
   Google Scholar
• Young, K. (2010). Internet addiction over the decade: A personal look back. World Psychiatry, 9(2), 91. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2051-5545.2010.tb00279.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar