The politics of fiscal rules within the European Union: a dynamic analysis of fiscal rules stringency

References

• Alesina, A. and Drazen, A. (1989) ‘Why are stabilizations delayed?’, The American Economic Review 81(5): 1170–88.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alesina, A. and Tabellini, G. (1990) ‘A positive theory of fiscal deficits and government Debt’, The Review of Economic Studies 57(3): 403–14. doi: 10.2307/2298021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alt, J., Lassen, D.D. and Wehner, J. (2014) ‘It isn't just about Greece: domestic politics, transparency and fiscal gimmickry in Europe’, British Journal of Political Science 44: 707–16. doi: 10.1017/S0007123414000064
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badinger, H. and Reuter, W.H. (2017) ‘Determinants of fiscal rules’, Applied Economics Letters 24(3): 154–58. doi: 10.1080/13504851.2016.1173171
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bai, J. and Ng, S. (2010) ‘Instrumental variable estimation in a data rich Environment’, Econometric Theory 26(6): 1577–1606. doi: 10.1017/S0266466609990727
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergman, U.M., Hutchison, M.M. and Jensen, S.E.H. (2016) ‘Promoting sustainable public finances in the European Union: the role of fiscal rules and government efficiency’, European Journal of Political Economy 44: 1–19. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2016.04.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyers, J. (1998) ‘Where does supranationalism come from? Ideas floating through the working groups of the council of the European Union’, European Integration online Papers 2(9): 1–25, available at http://eiop.or.at/eiop/texte/1998-009a.htm
   Google Scholar
• Blais, A., Kim, J. and Foucault, M. (2010) ‘Public spending, public deficits and government Coalitions’, Political Studies 58(5): 829–46. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9248.2010.00842.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bluth, C. (2015) ‘Determinants of Fiscal Rule Reform’, Working Paper, POLIS, University of Cambridge.
   Google Scholar
• Bormann, N.-C. and Golder, M. (2013) ‘Democratic electoral systems around the world, 1946–2011’, Electoral Studies 32(2): 360–69. doi: 10.1016/j.electstud.2013.01.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buti, M. and Carnot, N. (2012) ‘The EMU debt crisis: early lessons and Reforms’, JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 50(6): 899–911.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collier, D. (2011) ‘Understanding process Tracing’, PS: Political Science & Politics 44(4): 823–30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debrun, X., Moulin, L., Turrini, A., Ayuso-i-Casals, J. and Kumar, M.S. (2008) ‘Tied to the mast? National fiscal rules in the European Union’, Economic Policy 23(54): 297–362. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2008.00199.x
   Google Scholar
• Dobbin, F., Simmons, B. and Garrett, G. (2007) ‘The global diffusion of public policies: social construction, coercion, competition, or learning?’, Annual Review of Sociology 33(1): 449–72. doi: 10.1146/annurev.soc.33.090106.142507
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drazen, A. (2001) ‘The Political Business Cycle after 25 Years’, NBER Macroeconomic Annual 15 (January): 75–138.
   Google Scholar
• Eichengreen, B. and Bayoumi, T. (1994) ‘The political economy of fiscal restrictions: implications for Europe from the United States’, European Economic Review 38(3–4): 783–91. doi: 10.1016/0014-2921(94)90114-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallerberg, M. and Von Hagen, J. (1999) ‘Cabinet negotiations and budget deficits in the European Union’, in J. Poterba and J. von Hagen (ed.), Fiscal Institutions and Fiscal Performance, Chicacgo: University of Chicago Press, pp. 209–32.
   Google Scholar
• Hallerberg, M., Strauch, R. and Von Hagen, J. (2007) ‘The design of fiscal rules and forms of governance in European Union countries’, European Journal of Political Economy 23: 338–59. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2006.11.005
   Google Scholar
• Hallerberg, M., Strauch, R.R. and Von Hagen, J. (2009) Fiscal Governance in Europe, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Heipertz, M. and Verdun, A. (2004) ‘The dog that would never bite? What we can learn from the origins of the stability and growth Pact’, Journal of European Public Policy 11(5): 765–80. doi: 10.1080/1350176042000273522
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iara, A. and Wolff, G.B. (2010) Rules and Rick Euro Area: Does Rules-based National Fiscal Governance Contain Sovereign Bond Spreads, Brussels: European Commission Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs.
   Google Scholar
• Kapetanios, G. and Marcellino, M. (2010) ‘Factor-GMM estimation with large sets of possibly weak instruments’, Computational Statistics and Data Analysis 54(11): 2655–75. doi: 10.1016/j.csda.2010.04.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kopits, G. and Symansky, S. (1998) Fiscal Policy Rules, Washington, DC: IMF.
   Google Scholar
• Maddala, G.S. and Wu, S. (1999) ‘A comparative study of unit root tests with panel data and a new simple test’, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 61(51): 631–52. doi: 10.1111/1468-0084.61.s1.13
   Google Scholar
• Meyer, J.W. and Rowan, B. (1977) ‘Institutionalized organizations: formal structure as myth and ceremony’, American Journal of Sociology 83(2): 340–63. doi: 10.1086/226550
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mosley, L. (2000) ‘Room to move: international financial markets and national welfare States’, International Organization 54(4): 737–73. doi: 10.1162/002081800551352
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nickell, S. (1981) ‘Biases in dynamic models with fixed effects’, Econometrica 49(6): 1417–26. doi: 10.2307/1911408
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pesaran, H.M. (2007) ‘A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross-section dependence’, Journal of Applied Econometrics 22(2): 265–312. doi: 10.1002/jae.951
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poterba, J.M. and Rueben, K. (1999) ‘State fiscal institutions and the U.S. municipal bond Market’, in J. Poterba and J. von Hagen (ed.), Fiscal Institutions and Fiscal Performance, Chicacgo: University of Chicago Press, pp. 181–208.
   Google Scholar
• Roodman, D. (2009) ‘How to do xtabond2: an introduction to difference and system GMM in Stata’, The Stata Journal 9(1): 86–136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schäfer, H. (2011) ‘The sovereign debt crisis in Europe, save banks not States’, The European Journal of Comparative Economics 9: 179–95.
   Google Scholar
• Schimmelfennig, F. and Sedelmeier, U. (2004) ‘Governance by conditionality: EU rule transfer to the candidate countries of central and Eastern Europe’, Journal of European Public Policy 11(4): 661–79. doi: 10.1080/1350176042000248089
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shipan, C.R. and Volden, C. (2008) ‘The mechanisms of policy diffusion’, American Journal of Political Science 52(4): 840–57. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-5907.2008.00346.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simmons, B.A. and Elkins, Z. (2004) ‘The globalization of liberalization: policy difusion in the international political economy’, The American Political Science Review 98(1): 171–89. doi: 10.1017/S0003055404001078
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simmons, B.a., Dobbin, F. and Garrett, G. (2006) ‘Introduction: the international diffusion of liberalism’, International Organization 60(4): 781–810. doi: 10.1017/S0020818306060267
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volkens, A. et al. (2015) The Manifesto Data Collection. Manifesto Project (MRG /CMP / MARPOR), Version 2015a. Berlin: Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung (WZB).
   Google Scholar
• Von Hagen, J. and Hardan, I.J. (1994) ‘National budget processes and fiscal Performance’, European Economy – Reports and Studies 3(1994): 311–418.
   Google Scholar
• Von Hagen, J. and Hardan, I.J. (1995) ‘Budget processes and commitment to fiscal discipline’, European Economic Review 39(3): 771–79. doi: 10.1016/0014-2921(94)00084-D
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wierts, P. (2011) ‘Preferences for fiscal rules of discretion: a case study on Germany and France’, in: C. Kastrop, G. Meister-Scheufelen and M. Sudhof (ed.), Die Neuen Schuldregeln im Grundgesetz, Berlin: Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, pp. 304–26.
   Google Scholar
• Windmeijer, F. (2005) ‘A finite sample correction for the variance of linear efficient two-step GMM estimators’, Journal of Econometrics 126(1): 25–51. doi: 10.1016/j.jeconom.2004.02.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar