References
- Achen, C., & Bartels, L. M. (2016). Democracy for realists. Princeton University Press.
- Adams, J., Bernardi, L., & Phillips, M. C. (2021). The simplest government heuristic of all. Comparative Political Studies, 54(7), 1227–1255. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414020970220
- Armingeon, K., & Ceka, B. (2014). The loss of trust in the European Union during the great recession since 2007. European Union Politics, 15(1), 82–107. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1465116513495595
- Bakker, R., de Vries, C., Edwards, E., Hooghe, L., Jolly, S., Marks, G., Polk, J., Rovny, J., Steenbergen, M., & Vachudova, M. A. (2015). Measuring party positions in Europe: The Chapel Hill expert survey trend file, 1999–2010. Party Politics, 21(1), 143–152. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068812462931
- Beaudonnet, L., & Franklin, F. M. (2016). The negative effect of elections to the European Parliament. In W. van der Brug, & C. H. de Vreese (Eds.), Un)intended consequences of EU Parliamentary Elections (pp. 195–214). Oxford University Press.
- Benedetto, G., & Quaglia, L. (2007). The comparative politics of communist Euroscepticism in France, Italy, and Spain. Party Politics, 13(4), 478–499. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068807077957
- Bickerton, C. J., Hodson, D., & Puetter, U. (2015). The new intergovernmentalism. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 53(4), 703–722. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12212
- Boomgaarden, H. G., Vliegenthart, R., de Vreese, C. H., & Schuck, A. R. T. (2010). News on the move. Journal of European Public Policy, 17(4), 506–526. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501761003673294
- Braun, D., & Grande, E. (2021). Politicizing Europe in elections to the European parliament. Journal of Common Market Studies. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13168.
- Carmines, E. G. (1991). The logic of party alignments. Journal of Theoretical Politics, 3(1), 65–80. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0951692891003001005
- Cheneval, F., & Ferrín, M. (2018). Referendums in the European Union. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 56(5), 1178–1194. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12727
- De Bruycker, I. (2020). Democratically deficient, yet responsive? Journal of European Public Policy, 27(6), 834–852. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2019.1622587
- De Vries, C. E. (2010). EU issue voting: Asset or liability? European Union Politics, 11(1), 89–117. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1465116509353456
- De Vries, C. E. (2018). Euroscepticism and the Future of European Integration. Oxford University Press.
- De Vries, C. E., & Edwards, E. E. (2009). Taking Europe to its extremes. Party Politics, 15(1), 5–28. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068808097889
- De Vries, C. E., & Hobolt, S. B. (2012). When dimensions collide. European Union Politics, 13(2), 246–268. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1465116511434788
- Döring, H., & Manow, P. (2019). Parliaments and governments database (ParlGov).
- Down, I., & Han, K. J. (2020). Marginalisation or legitimation? West European Politics, 43(7), 1388–1414. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2019.1674055
- Druckman, J. N. (2004). Political preference formation. American Political Science Review, 98(4), 671–686. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055404041413
- Genschel, P., & Jachtenfuchs, M. (2016). More integration, less federation. Journal of European Public Policy, 23(1), 42–59. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2015.1055782
- Green-Pedersen, C., & Mortensen, P. B. (2010). Who sets the agenda and who responds to it in the Danish parliament? A new model of issue competition and agenda-setting. European Journal of Political Research, 49, 257–281. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2009.01897.x
- Hagemann, S., Hobolt, S. B., & Wratil, C. (2017). Government responsiveness in the European Union. Comparative Political Studies, 50(6), 850–876. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414015621077
- Hernández, E., & Kriesi, H. (2016). The electoral consequences of the financial and economic crisis in Europe. European Journal of Political Research, 55(2), 203–224. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12122
- Hobolt, S. B., & de Vries, C. E. (2015). Issue entrepreneurship and multiparty competition. Comparative Political Studies, 48(9), 1159–1185. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414015575030
- Hobolt, S. B., & de Vries, C. E. (2016). Public support for European integration. Annual Review of Political Science, 19(1), 413–432. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-042214-044157
- Hobolt, S. B., & Tilley, J. (2016). Fleeing the center. West European Politics, 39(5), 971–991. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2016.1181871
- Hooghe, L., & Marks, G. (2009). A postfunctionalist theory of European integration. British Journal of Political Science, 39(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123408000409
- Hooghe, L., & Marks, G. (2018). Cleavage theory meets Europe’s crises. Journal of European Public Policy, 25(1), 109–135. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2017.1310279
- Jeannet, A. M. (2020). Internal migration and public opinion about the European Union. Socio-Economic Review, 18(3), 817–838. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwy034
- Kopecký, P., & Mudde, C. (2002). The two sides of Euroscepticism. European Union Politics, 3(3), 297–326. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1465116502003003002
- Krause, W. (2020). Appearing moderate or radical? West European Politics, 43(7), 1365–1387. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2019.1672019
- Kuhn, T., & Nicoli, F. (2020). Collective identities and the integration of core state powers. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 58(1), 3–20. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12985
- Leruth, B., Startin, N., & Usherwood, S. (2018). The Routledge handbook of Euroscepticism. Routledge.
- Leuffen, D., Rittberger, B., & Schimmelfennig, F. (2013). Differentiated Integration. Palgrave Macmillan.
- Malhotra, N., & Margalit, Y. (2010). Short-term communication effects or longstanding dispositions? The Journal of Politics, 72(3), 852–867. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022381610000216
- Margalit, Y. (2012). Lost in globalization. International Studies Quarterly, 56(3), 484–500. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2012.00747.x
- Margalit, Y. (2019a). Economic insecurity and the causes of populism, reconsidered. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 33(4), 152–170. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.33.4.152
- Margalit, Y. (2019b). Political responses to economic shocks. Annual Review of Political Science, 22(1), 277–295. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-050517-110713
- Meguid, B. M. (2005). Competition between unequals. American Political Science Review, 99(3), 347–359. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055405051701
- Meijers, M. J., & Williams, C. J. (2020). When shifting backfires. Journal of European Public Policy, 27(10), 1506–1525. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2019.1668044
- Minkus, L., Deutschmann, E., & Delhey, J. (2019). A Trump effect on the EU’s popularity? Perspectives on Politics, 17(2), 399–416. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592718003262
- Muñoz, J., Falcó-Gimeno, A., & Hernández, E. (2020). Unexpected event during survey design. Political Analysis, 28(2), 186–206. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/pan.2019.27
- Nicoli, F. (2017). Hard-line Euroscepticism and the euro crisis. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 55(2), 312–331. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12463
- Nicoli, F. (2020). Democratic deficit and its counter-movements. In M. Baldassari, E. Castelli, M. Truffeli, & G. Vezzani (Eds.), Anti-Europeanism (pp. 13–29). Springer.
- Pannico, R. (2020). Parties are always right. West European Politics, 43(4), 869–893. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2019.1653658
- Polk, J., Rovny, J., Bakker, R., Edwards, E., Hooghe, l., Jolly, S., Koedam, J., Kostelka, F., Marks, G., Schumacher, G., Steenbergen, M., Vachudova, M. & Zilovic, M. (2017). Explaining the salience of anti-elitism and reducing political corruption for political parties in Europe with the 2014 chapel hill expert survey data. Research & Politics, 4(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/2053168016686915
- Rauh, C. (2015). Communicating supranational governance? European Union Politics, 16(1), 116–138. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1465116514551806
- Ray, L. (1999). Measuring party orientations towards European integration. European Journal of Political Research, 36(2), 283–306. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007009106184
- Rovny, J., & Polk, J. (2020). Still blurry? European Journal of Political Research, 59(2), 248–268. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12356
- Schmidt, V. A. (2013). Democracy and legitimacy in the European Union revisited. Political Studies, 61(1), 2–22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2012.00962.x
- Schneider, C. J. (2013). Globalizing electoral politics. World Politics, 65(3), 452–490. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043887113000129
- Schneider, C. J. (2014). Domestic politics and the widening–deepening trade-off in the European Union. Journal of European Public Policy, 21(5), 699–712. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2014.897740
- Schneider, C. (2018). The responsive union: National elections and European governance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108589413
- Schneider, C. J. (2019). The responsive union. Cambridge University Press.
- Schneider, C. J. (2020). Public commitments as signals of responsiveness in the European Union. The Journal of Politics, 82(1), 329–344. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1086/705924
- Schneider, C. J., & Slantchev, B. L. (2018). The domestic politics of international cooperation. International Organization, 72(1), 1–31. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818317000406
- Schulte-Cloos, J. (2018). Do European parliament elections foster challenger parties’ success on the national level? European Union Politics, 19(3), 408–426. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1465116518773486
- Serricchio, F., Tsakatika, M., & Quaglia, L. (2013). Euroscepticism and the global financial crisis. Journal of Common Market Studies, 51(1), 51–64. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2012.02299.x
- Siune, K., Svensson, P., & Tonsgaard, O. (1994). The European union: The Danes said ‘no’ in 1992 but ‘yes’ in 1995: How and why?. Electoral Studies, 13(2), 107–116. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-3794(94)90028-0.
- Soroka, S. N., & Wlezien, C. (2010). Degrees of Democracy. Cambridge University Press.
- Szczerbiak, A., & Taggart, P. (2008). Opposing Europe? Oxford University Press.
- Taggart, P. (1998). A touchstone of dissent. European Journal of Political Research, 33(3), 363–388. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006853204101
- Toshkov, D., & Kortenska, E. (2015). Does immigration undermine public support for integration in the European Union? Journal of Common Market Studies, 53(4), 910–925. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12230
- Van Kessel, S., Sajuria, J., & Van Hauwaert, S. M. (2021). Informed, uninformed or misinformed? West European Politics, 44(3), 585–610. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2019.1700448
- Volkens, A., Krause, W., Lehmann, P., Matthieß, T., Merz, N., Regel, S. & Weßels, B., (2019). The manifesto data collection. Manifesto Project (MRG/CMP/MARPOR), Version 2019a. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.25522/manifesto.mpds.2019a.
- Welzien, C. (2015). The myopic voter? The economy and US presidential elections. Electoral Studies, 39, 195–204. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2015.03.010
- Winzen, T. (2020). Government Euroscepticism and differentiated integration. Journal of European Public Policy, 27(12), 1819–1837. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2019.1703789
- Worre, T. (1995). First no, then yes. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 33(2), 235–257. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.1995.tb00529.x
- Wratil, C. (2018). Modes of government responsiveness in the European Union. European Union Politics, 19(1), 52–74. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1465116517735599
- Wratil, C. (2019). Territorial representation and the opinion–policy linkage. American Journal of Political Science, 63(1), 197–211. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12403