1,381
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Community sustainability: a holistic approach to measuring the sustainability of rural communities in Scotland

ORCID Icon
Pages 338-351 | Received 25 Apr 2016, Accepted 07 Aug 2016, Published online: 06 Sep 2016

References

  • Baker S. 2006. Sustainable development. London: Routledge.
  • Barber M, Laird A, Raab G. 2005. A survey of knowledge and attitudes to the environment in Scotland – technical report. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive Social Research.
  • Beck U. 2000. Living your own life in a runaway world: individualisation, globalisation and politics. In: Hutton W, Giddens A, editors. On the edge: living with global capitalism. London: Jonathan Cape; p. 164–174.
  • Berners-Lee M, Hoolohan C, Cammack H, Hewitt CN. 2012. The relative greenhouse gas impacts of realistic dietary choices. Energ Policy. 43:184–190.
  • BioRegional. 2010–2016. One planet living: the 10 principles [Internet]. London: Bioregional; [cited 2016 Mar 31]. Available from: http://www.oneplanetliving.net/what-is-one-planet-living/the-ten-principles/
  • Boardman B. 2012. Achieving zero: delivering future friendly buildings. Oxford: Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford.
  • Bryden J, Geisler C. 2007. Community-based land reform: lessons from Scotland. Land Use Policy 24:24–34.
  • Community A Development Trust. 2011. Submission from community A development trust for the energy, economy and tourism committee inquiry, 12th April 2012. Edinburgh: The Scottish Parliament.
  • Community C Development Trust. 2012. A profile of community C. Community C Development Trust.
  • Cooper N, Brill L, Haddad M, Newton R, Viitanen J. 2011. Community assets first: the implications of the sustainable livelihoods approach for the coalition agenda. Newcastle Upon Tyne: Institute for Public Policy Research North (UK).
  • Curtis F. 2003. Eco-localism and sustainability. Ecol Econ. 46:83–102.
  • Daly H. 1995. The steady state economy: alternatives to growth mania. In: Kirkby J, O’Keefe P, Timberlake L, editors. The Earthscan reader in sustainable development. London: Earthscan; p. 331–353.
  • Daly HE, Farley J. 2004. Ecological economics: principles and applications. Washington (DC): Island Press.
  • Dawkins E, Roelich K, Owen A. 2010. A consumption approach for emissions accounting - the REAP tool and REAP data for 2006. Support documentation. York: The Stockholm Environment Institute, University of York.
  • [DEFRA] Department of Environment Food and Rural Affairs (UK). 2006. Sustainable development indicators in your pocket 2006: an update of the UK Government strategy indicators. London: DEFRA (UK).
  • [DEFRA] Department of Environment Food and Rural Affairs (UK). 2010. Measuring progress: sustainable development indicators 2010. London: HM Stationary Office.
  • [DEFRA] Department of Environment Food and Rural Affairs (UK). 2013. Sustainable development indicators 2013. London: HM Stationary Office.
  • Delanty G. 2003. Community. Abingdon: Routledge.
  • Didham RJ. 2007. Making sustainable development a reality: a study of the social processes of community-led sustainable development and the buy-out of the Isle of Gigha, Scotland [Ph.D. Thesis]. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh.
  • Dobson A. 2010. Environmental citizenship and pro-environmental behaviour. Rapid research and evidence review. London: Sustainable Development Research Review.
  • [DTAS] Development Trusts Association Scotland. 2015–2016. What is a development trust? Case studies [Internet]. Edinburgh: Development Trusts Association Scotland; [cited 2016 Mar 31]. Available from: http://www.dtascot.org.uk/content/what-is-a-development-trust/case-studies
  • Durney J, Desai P. 2004. Enabling one planet living in the Thames gateway. London: BioRegional Development Group.
  • Economic and Social Data Service. 2005a. People, families and communities survey 2005 questionnaire. Guildford: Question Bank, University of Surrey.
  • Economic and Social Data Service. 2005b. Health and lifestyle survey 1991 questionnaire. Guildford: Question Bank, University of Surrey.
  • Economic and Social Data Service. 2005c. Community attitudes survey questionnaire 1992/93 to 2002. Guildford: Question Bank, University of Surrey.
  • Economic and Social Data Service. 2005d. British social attitude survey 2005 questionnaire. Guildford: Question Bank, University of Surrey.
  • Egan J. 2004. The Egan review: skills for sustainable communities. London: Office of the Deputy Prime Minister.
  • European Social Survey. 2006a. European social survey, 2006, final source questionnaire (Round 3, 2006/7) amendment 03: 08.08.06. Guildford: Question Bank, University of Surrey.
  • European Social Survey. 2006b. European social survey, 2006, self-completion questionnaire S-C-A (Round 3 2006). Guildford: Question Bank, University of Surrey.
  • Fagan G. 2009. Citizen engagement. In: Stibbe A, editor. The handbook of sustainability literacy: skills for a changing world. Totnes: Green Books; p. 199–203.
  • Fagan G. date unknown. The emerging paradigm. Glasgow: University of Strathclyde. CADISPA.
  • Findhorn. 2010–2016. The Findhorn Foundation [Internet]; [cited 2016 Mar 31]. Available from: https://www.findhorn.org.
  • Foucault M. 1976. Truth and power. In: Lazzeri C, translator, Faubion JD, 1994, editors. Power: essential works of Foucault 1954–1984 volume 3. London: Penguin. p. 111–134.
  • Freire P. 1974. Pedagogy of the oppressed. London: Penguin.
  • Giddens A. 1991. The consequences of modernity. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • [GFN] Global Footprint Network. 2012. Ecological footprint and biocapacity in 2008: results from the National Footprint Accounts 2011 Edition 1.0 with minor adjustments as of May 7, 2012. [cited 2012 May 22]. Available from: http://www.footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN/page/footprint_data_and_results/
  • Glasson J, Therivel R, Chadwick A. 1999. Introduction to environmental impact assessment. 2nd ed. London: Spon Press.
  • Gray D, Farrington J, Kagermeier A. 2008. Geographies of rural transport. In: Knowles R, Shaw J, Docherty I, editors. Transport geographies: mobilities, flows and spaces. Oxford: Blackwell; p. 102–119.
  • Gray D, Shaw J, Farrington J. 2006. Community transport, social capital and social exclusion in rural areas. Area. 38:89–98.
  • [GROS] General Register Office for Scotland. 2001. Scotland’s census results online [Internet]. Edinburgh: General Register Office for Scotland; [cited 2012 Aug 06]. Available from: http://www.scrol.gov.uk under the terms of the Open Government Licence http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/2.
  • Habron D. 1998. Visual perception of wild land in Scotland. Landsc Urban Plan. 42:45–56.
  • Handmer JW, Dovers SR. 1996. A typology of resilience: rethinking institutions for sustainable development. Organ and Environ. 9:482–511.
  • Harvey D. 1996. Justice, nature and the geography of difference. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Higgs G, White S. 2000. Alternatives to census-based indicators of social disadvantage in rural areas. Prog Plann. 53:1–81.
  • Holden E, Linnerud K, Banister D. 2014. Sustainable development: our common future revisited. Global Environ Chang. 26:130–139.
  • Hole DG, Perkins AJ, Wilson JD, Alexander IH, Grice PV, Evans AD. 2005. Does organic farming benefit biodiversity? Biol Conserv. 122:113–130.
  • Holloway L, Kneafsey M, Venn L, Cox R, Dowler E, Tuomainen H. 2007. Possible food economies: a methodological framework for exploring food production–consumption relationships. Sociol Ruralis. 47:1–19.
  • Holmgren D. 2002. Permaculture: principles and pathways beyond sustainability. Victoria: Holmgren Design Services.
  • Hopkins R. 2006. Energy descent pathways: evaluating potential responses to peak oil [MSc. Dissertation]. Plymouth: University of Plymouth.
  • Hopkins R. 2008. The transition handbook: from oil dependency to local resilience. Padstow: Green Books.
  • [IPCC] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2014. Climate change 2014: synthesis report. In: Core Writing Team, Pachauri RK, Meyer LA, editors. Contribution of working groups I, II and III to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Geneva: IPCC.
  • Jackson T. 2005. Motivating sustainable consumption: a review of evidence on consumer behaviour and behavioural change. London: Policy Studies Institute (UK).
  • Kaplan A. 2000. Capacity building: shifting the paradigms of practice. Dev Pract. 10: 517–526.
  • Kearns A, Turok I. 2003. Sustainable communities: dimensions and challenges. London: Office of the Deputy Prime Minister.
  • Key D, Kerr M. 2011. The natural change project: catalysing leadership for sustainability. Dunkeld: WWF Scotland.
  • Key D, Kerr M. 2012. The natural change project. In: Rust M-J, Totton N, editors. Vital signs: psychological responses to ecological crisis. London: Karnac Books; p. 239–250.
  • Knowles R. 2006. Transport shaping space: differential collapse in time-space. J Transp Geogr. 14:407–425.
  • Learning for Sustainability Scotland. 2015–2016. Learning for sustainability Scotland [Internet]. [cited 2016 Mar 31]. Available from: http://learningforsustainabilityscotland.org/.
  • Ledwith M. 2005. Community development: a critical approach. Bristol: The Policy Press.
  • Lindahl KB, Baker S, Rist L, Zachrisson A. Forthcoming 2015. Theorising pathways to sustainability. Int J Sust Dev Worl. doi:10.1080/13504509.2015.1128492
  • Lyytimäki J, Tapio P, Varho V, Söderman T. 2013. The use, non-use and misuse of indicators in sustainability assessment and communication. Int J Sust Dev Worl. 20:385–393.
  • MacKenzie A. 1946. The history of the Highland clearances. 2nd ed. Glasgow: Maclaren.
  • Magis K. 2010. Community resilience: an indicator of social sustainability. Soc Nat Resour. 23:401–416.
  • Mauthner N, McKee L, Strell M 2001. Work and family life in rural communities. Joseph Rowntree Foundation Report Findings 971. Aberdeen: University of Aberdeen.
  • McCarthy J. 1999. Scotland, land and people: an inhabited solitude. Edinburgh: Luath Press Ltd.
  • McIntosh A. 2001. Soil and soul: people versus corporate power. London: Aurum Press Limited.
  • McIntosh A 2008. Rekindling community: connecting people, environment and spirituality. Schumacher Briefing No. 15. Totnes: Green Books.
  • McNiff J. 2013. Action research: principles and practice. 3rd ed. Abingdon: Routeledge.
  • Moffatt I. 1996. An evaluation of environmental space as the basis for sustainable Europe. Int J Sust Dev Worl. 3:49–69.
  • Moffatt I. 2005. Appendix I. Definition and the changing methodology of ecological footprinting. (an international peer review of a DEFRA funded report sustainable consumption and production – development of an evidence base study of ecological footprinting). London: Department of Environment Food and Rural Affairs (UK).
  • Moffatt I, Hanley N, Wilson MD. 2001. Measuring and modelling sustainable development. Carnforth: Parthenon.
  • Neumayer E. 2003. Weak versus strong sustainability exploring the limits of two opposing paradigms. 2nd ed. Gloucester: Edward Elgar.
  • [ODCE] Oxford Dictionary of Current English. 2001. Oxford dictionary of current English. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Owen A. 2007a. REAP Petite Community Calculator Version 0.91: User manual. Stockholm Environment Institute, University of York. Unpublished.
  • Owen A. 2007b. REAP Petite Community Calculator Version 0.91. York: Stockholm Environment Institute, University of York.
  • Pearce D. 1989. Blueprint for a green economy. Earthscan: London.
  • Pepper D. 1996. Modern environmentalism: an introduction. New York (NY): Routledge.
  • Phillips M, Dickie J. 2015. Climate change, carbon dependency and narratives of transition and stasis in four English rural communities. Geoforum. 67:93–109.
  • Robinson GM. 2008. Sustainable rural systems: an introduction. In: Robinson GM, editor. Sustainable rural systems: sustainable agriculture and rural communities. Aldershot: Ashgate; p. 3–40.
  • Roxburgh C, Tuffs A. 2006. Community Futures: Community engagement in Scotland’s first national park. Balloch: Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park Authority.
  • Sanne C. 2002. Willing consumers or locked-in? Policies for a sustainable consumption. Ecol Econ. 42:273–287.
  • Scharmer O, Kaufer K. 2013. Leading from the emerging future: from ego-system to eco-system economies. San Francisco (CA): Berrett-Koehler.
  • Schuler D. 1996. New community networks: wired for change. New York (NY): ACM.
  • Scoones I. 2007. Sustainability. Dev Pract. 17:589–596.
  • Scottish Government. 2010a. Rural Scotland key facts 2010. A National Statistics publication for Scotland. Edinburgh: The Scottish Government.
  • Scottish Government. 2010b. Scottish index of multiple deprivation [Internet]. Edinburgh: The Scottish Government; [cited 2011 Apr 28]. Available from: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Statistics/SIMD.
  • Scottish Government. 2011a. Key Scottish environment statistics 2011. A National Statistics publication for Scotland. Edinburgh: The Scottish Government.
  • Scottish Government. 2011b. The National Performance Framework: sustainability [Internet]. [updated 2011 Sep 06; cited 2015 Dec 08]. Available from: http://www.gov.scot/About/Performance/scotPerforms/purposes/sustainability#a2.
  • Scottish Government. c2012. Sustainable Development [Internet]. Edinburgh: The Scottish Government; [cited 2012 Apr 28]. Available from: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Environment/SustainableDevelopment/7368
  • Scottish Government. 2013. Low carbon Scotland: meeting our emissions reduction targets 2013-2027 the draft second report on proposals and policies. Edinburgh: The Scottish Government.
  • Scottish Government. 2014. A consultation on the future of land reform in Scotland. Edinburgh: The Scottish Government.
  • Scottish Renewables. 2012. Scottish Green Energy Awards 2012 Winners. 2012 Dec 7. http://www.scottishrenewables.com/news/scottish-green-energy-awards-2012-winners/.
  • [SEI] Stockholm Environment Institute (UK). 2010. Resources and Energy Analysis Programme (REAP) v2.17. York: Stockholm Environment Institute (UK).
  • Senge P, Scharmer CO, Jaworski J, Flowers BS. 2005. Presence: exploring profound change in people, organizations, and society. London: Brealey.
  • Sheller M, Urry J. 2006. The new mobilities paradigm. Environ Plann A. 38:207–226.
  • Shucksmith M. 2000. Endogenous development, social capital and social inclusion: perspectives from LEADER in the UK. Sociol Ruralis. 40:208–218.
  • Shucksmith M, Rønningen K. 2011. The uplands after neoliberalism – the role of the small farm in rural sustainability. J Rural Stud. 27:275–287.
  • Skerratt S. 2013. Enhancing the analysis of rural community resilience: evidence from community land ownership. J Rural Stud. 31:36–46.
  • Smout TC, Wood S. 1991. Scottish voices 1745 – 1960. London: Fontana Press.
  • Steiner A, Markantoni M. 2014. Unpacking community resilience through capacity for change. Community Dev J. 49:407–425.
  • [SNS] Scottish Neighbourhood Statistics. 2012. Scottish neighbourhood statistics [Internet]. Edinburgh: The Scottish Government; [cited 2012 Aug 06]. Available from: http://www.sns.gov.uk
  • Stern N. 2009. A blueprint for a safer planet: how to manage climate change and create a new era of progress and prosperity. London: Bodley Head.
  • Stirling Council. 2007. Quality of Life Survey questionnaire [Unpublished].
  • Tinsley R, George H. 2006. Ecological footprint of the Findhorn foundation and community. Forres: Sustainable Development Research Centre.
  • UK Government. 2005. Securing the future – the UK government sustainable development strategy. London: The Stationary Office.
  • [UN] The United Nations. 1992. Rio declaration on environment and development, report of The United Nations conference on environment and development. New York (NY): The United Nations General Assembly.
  • Urry J. 2010. Sociology facing climate change. Sociol Res Online. 15:3.
  • Wackernagel M, Rees WE. 1996. Our ecological footprint: reducing human impact on the Earth. Gabriola Island: New Society.
  • Warburton D. 1998. Community and sustainable development: participation in the future. London: Earthscan.
  • Watson M. 2012. How theories of practice can inform transition to a decarbonised transport system. J Transp Geogr. 24:488–496.
  • [WCED] World Commission on Environment and Development. 1987. Our common future. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Wiedmann T, Barrett J. 2010. A review of the ecological footprint indicator – perceptions and methods. Sustainability. 2:1645–1693.
  • Wightman A. 2011. The poor had no lawyers: who owns Scotland (and how they got it). Edinburgh: Birlinn.
  • WWF. 2010. Living Planet Report 2010: biodiversity, biocapacity and development. Gland: WWF International.
  • WWF. 2014. Living Planet Report 2014. Gland: WWF International.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.