Connectedness is in my character: the relationship between nature relatedness and character strengths

References

• American Psychiatric Association. 1994. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
   Google Scholar
• Arthur, J. 2014. Being of Good Character (Working Paper, Insight Series). Jubilee Centre for Character and Virtues. University of Birmingham.
   Google Scholar
• Aspy, D. J., and M. Proeve. 2017. “Mindfulness and Loving-Kindness Meditation: Effects on Connectedness to Humanity and to the Natural World.” Psychological Reports 120 (1): 102–117. doi:10.1177/0033294116685867.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azañedo, C. M., E. G. Fernández-Abascal, and J. Barraca. 2014. “Character Strengths in Spain: Validation of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (via-is) in a Spanish Sample.” Clínica y Salud 25 (2): 123–130. doi:10.1016/j.clysa.2014.06.002.
   Google Scholar
• Baer, R. 2015. “Ethics, Values, Virtues, and Character Strengths in Mindfulness-Based Interventions: A Psychological Science Perspective.” Mindfulness 6 (4): 956–969. doi:10.1007/s12671-015-0419-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbaro, N., and S. M. Pickett. 2016. “Mindfully Green: Examining the Effect of Connectedness to Nature on the Relationship between Mindfulness and Engagement in Pro-Environmental Behavior.” Personality and Individual Differences 93: 137–142. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2015.05.026.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beadle, R., A. J. G. Sison, and J. Fontrodona. 2015. “Introduction‐Virtue and Virtuousness: When Will the Twain Ever Meet?” Business Ethics: A European Review 24: S67–S77. doi:10.1111/beer.12098.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berger, D. M., and R. E. McGrath. 2019. “Are There Virtuous Types? Finite Mixture Modeling of the via Inventory of Strengths.” The Journal of Positive Psychology 14 (1): 77–85. doi:10.1080/17439760.2018.1510021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biswas-Diener, R. 2006. “From the Equator to the North Pole: A Study of Character Strengths.” Journal of Happiness Studies 7 (3): 293–310. doi:10.1007/s10902-005-3646-8.
   Google Scholar
• Bragg, E. A. 1996. “Towards Ecological Self: Deep Ecology Meets Constructionist Self Theory.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 16 (2): 93–108. doi:10.1006/jevp.1996.0008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breiman, L. F., J. H. Olshen, and S. Ra. 1984. CJ (1984). Classification and Regression Trees. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
   Google Scholar
• Braun, T., and P. Dierkes. 2017. “Connecting Students to Nature–How Intensity of Nature Experience and Student Age Influence the Success of Outdoor Education Programs.” Environmental Education Research 23 (7): 937–949. doi:10.1080/13504622.2016.1214866.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruni, C. M., P. L. Winter, P. W. Schultz, A. M. Omoto, and J. J. Tabanico. 2017. “Getting to Know Nature: Evaluating the Effects of the Get to Know Program on Children’s Connectedness with Nature.” Environmental Education Research 23 (1): 43–62. doi:10.1080/13504622.2015.1074659.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brunner, M., and H. M. Süβ. 2005. “Analyzing the Reliability of Multidimensional Measures: An Example from Intelligence Research.” Educational and Psychological Measurement 65 (2): 227–240. doi:10.1177/0013164404268669.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cafaro, P. 2001. “Thoreau, Leopold, and Carson: Toward an Environmental Virtue.” Environmental Ethics 23 (1): 3–17. doi:10.5840/enviroethics200123135.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cafaro, P. 2010. “Environmental Virtue Ethics Special Issue: Introduction.” Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 23 (1–2): 3–7. doi:10.1007/s10806-009-9204-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capaldi, C. A., R. L. Dopko, and J. M. Zelenski. 2014. “The Relationship between Nature Connectedness and Happiness: A Meta-Analysis.” Frontiers in Psychology 5: 976. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00976.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, D. 2020. “Encounters with Suchness: Contemplative Wonder in Environmental Education.” Environmental Education Research 26 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1080/13504622.2020.1717448.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chung, K. 2016. “Moral Muteness of Faculty in Management Education.” The International Journal of Management Education 14 (3): 228–239. doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2016.05.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clayton, S. 2003. “Environmental Identity: A Conceptual and Operational Definition.” In Identity and the Natural Environment, edited by S. Clayton and S. Opotow, 45–65. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 10.7551/mitpress/3644.001.0001.
   Google Scholar
• Cleary, A., K. S. Fielding, S. L. Bell, Z. Murray, and A. Roiko. 2017. “Exploring Potential Mechanisms Involved in the Relationship between Eudaimonic Wellbeing and Nature Connection.” Landscape and Urban Planning 158: 119–128. doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.10.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corral-Verdugo, V., C. Tapia-Fonllem, and A. Ortiz-Valdez. 2015. “On the Relationship between Character Strengths and Sustainable Behavior.” Environment and Behavior 47 (8): 877–901. doi:10.1177/0013916514530718.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crossan, M., D. Mazutis, and G. Seijts. 2013. “In Search of Virtue: The Role of Virtues, Values and Character Strengths in Ethical Decision Making.” Journal of Business Ethics 113 (4): 567–581. doi:10.1007/s10551-013-1680-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curzer, H. J. 2012. Aristotle and the Virtues. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199693726.001.0001.
   Google Scholar
• Dahlsgaard, K., C. Peterson, and M. E. P. Seligman. 2005. “Shared Virtue: The Convergence of Valued Human Strengths across Culture and History.” Review of General Psychology 9 (3): 203–213. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.9.3.203.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D'Amato, L. G., and M. E. Krasny. 2011. “Outdoor Adventure Education: Applying Transformative Learning Theory to Understanding Instrumental Learning and Personal Growth in Environmental Education.” The Journal of Environmental Education 42 (4): 237–254. doi:10.1080/00958964.2011.581313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, J. L., J. D. Green, and A. Reed. 2009. “Interdependence with the Environment: Commitment, Interconnectedness, and Environmental Behavior.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 29 (2): 173–180. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.11.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, J. L., B. Le, and A. E. Coy. 2011. “Building a Model of Commitment to the Natural Environment to Predict Ecological Behavior and Willingness to Sacrifice.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 31 (3): 257–265. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2011.01.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diessner, R., C. Kirk, C. Guenthner, R. Pohling, and S. Mobasher. 2017. “Teaching the Psychology of Engagement with Beauty: State and Trait.” Teaching of Psychology 44 (1): 63–67. doi:10.1177/0098628316679969.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diessner, R., R. Pohling, S. Stacy, and A. Güsewell. 2018. “Trait Appreciation of Beauty: A Story of Love, Transcendence, and Inquiry.” Review of General Psychology 22 (4): 377–397. doi:10.1037/gpr0000166.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diessner, R., and P. Steiner. 2017. “Interventions to Increase Trait Appreciation of Beauty.” Indian Journal of Positive Psychology 8 (3): 401–406. 10.15614/ijpp/2017/v8i3/1620003.
   Google Scholar
• Diessner, R., D. Woodward, S. Stacy, and S. Mobasher. 2015. “Ten Once-a-Week Brief Beauty Walks Increase Appreciation of Natural Beauty.” Ecopsychology 7 (3): 126–133. doi:10.1089/eco.2015.0001.
   Google Scholar
• Dresner, M., and M. Gill. 1994. “Environmental Education at Summer Nature Camp.” The Journal of Environmental Education 25 (3): 35–41. doi:10.1080/00958964.1994.9941956.
   Google Scholar
• Dutcher, D. D., J. C. Finley, A. E. Luloff, and J. B. Johnson. 2007. “Connectivity with Nature as a Measure of Environmental Values.” Environment and Behavior 39 (4): 474–493. doi:10.1177/0013916506298794.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dzwonkowska, D. 2018. “Is Environmental Virtue Ethics Anthropocentric?” Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 31 (6): 723–738. doi:10.1007/s10806-018-9751-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Echarri, F., and V. Echarri. 2018. “Significant Life Experiences and Their Relationship with the Education of the Scrutinizing Gaze in the Beauty Ecologist César Manrique.” The Journal of Environmental Education 49 (5): 411–428. doi:10.1080/00958964.2018.1477113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ernst, J., and S. Theimer. 2011. “Evaluating the Effects of Environmental Education Programming on Connectedness to Nature.” Environmental Education Research 17 (5): 577–598. doi:10.1080/13504622.2011.565119.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finch, W. H., and Schneider, M. K. 2006. “Misclassification Rates for Four Methods of Group Classification: Impact of Predictor Distribution, Covariance Inequality, Effect size, Sample size, and Group Size Ratio.” Educational and Psychological Measurement 66 (2): 240–257.
   Google Scholar
• Fornell, C., and D. F. Larcker. 1981. “Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error: Algebra and Statistics.” Journal of Marketing Research 18 (3): 382–388. http://. doi:10.1177/002224378101800313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster, J. 2001. “Education as Sustainability.” Environmental Education Research 7 (2): 153–165. doi:10.1080/13504620120043162.
   Google Scholar
• Fowers, B. J. 2008. “From Continence to Virtue: Recovering Goodness, Character Unity, and Character Types for Positive Psychology.” Theory & Psychology 18 (5): 629–653. doi:10.1177/0959354308093399.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frantz, C. M., and F. S. Mayer. 2014. “The Importance of Connection to Nature in Assessing Environmental Education Programs.” Studies in Educational Evaluation 41: 85–89. doi:10.1016/j.stueduc.2013.10.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frantz, C., F. S. Mayer, C. Norton, and M. Rock. 2005. “There Is No “I” in Nature: The Influence of Self-Awareness on Connectedness to Nature.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 25 (4): 427–436. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2005.10.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• García-Castro, F. J., A. Alba, and M. J. Blanca. 2020. “Association between Character Strengths and Caregiver Burden: Hope as a Mediator.” Journal of Happiness Studies 21 (4): 1445–1418. doi:10.1007/s10902-019-00138-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giangrande, N., R. M. White, M. East, R. Jackson, T. Clarke, M. Saloff Coste, and G. Penha-Lopes. 2019. “A Competency Framework to Assess and Activate Education for Sustainable Development: Addressing the UN Sustainable Development Goals 4.7 Challenge.” Sustainability 11 (10): 2832. doi:10.3390/su11102832.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gómez-Olmedo, A. M., C. Valor, and I. Carrero. 2020. “Mindfulness in Education for Sustainable Development to Nurture Socioemotional Competencies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” Environmental Education Research 1–29. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2020.1777264.
   Google Scholar
• Green, S. B., and Y. Yang. 2009. “Commentary on Coefficient Alpha: A Cautionary Tale.” Psychometrika 74 (1): 121–135. doi:10.1007/s11336-008-9098-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F., R. L. Tatham, R. E. Anderson, and W. C. Black. 2006. Multivariate Data Analysis. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Haluza-Delay, R. 2001. “Nothing Here to Care about: Participant Constructions of Nature following a 12-Day Wilderness Program.” The Journal of Environmental Education 32 (4): 43–48. doi:10.1080/00958960109598662.
   Google Scholar
• Hannis, M. 2015. “The Virtues of Acknowledged Ecological Dependence: Sustainability, Autonomy and Human Flourishing.” Environmental Values 24 (2): 145–164. doi:10.3197/096327114X13947900181437.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hastie, T., R. Tibshirani, and J. Friedman. 2009. The Elements of Statistical Learning: data Mining, Inference, and Prediction. Springer Science & Business Media, Stanford CA..
   Google Scholar
• Hopwood, C. J., and M. B. Donnellan. 2010. “How Should the Internal Structure of Personality Inventories Be Evaluated?” Personality and Social Psychology Review 14 (3): 332–346. doi:10.1177/1088868310361240.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell, A. J., R. L. Dopko, H. A. Passmore, and K. Buro. 2011. “Nature Connectedness: Associations with Well-Being and Mindfulness.” Personality and Individual Differences 51 (2): 166–171. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.03.037.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell, A. J., H. A. Passmore, and K. Buro. 2013. “Meaning in Nature: Meaning in Life as a Mediator of the Relationship between Nature Connectedness and Well-Being.” Journal of Happiness Studies 14 (6): 1681–1696. doi:10.1007/s10902-012-9403-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell, B. M., R. Diessner, and R. M. Robinson. 2020. “Self-Actualization and the Tragedy of Beauty.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 60 (2): 227–243. doi:10.1177/0022167817696836.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hursthouse, R. 2007. “Environmental Virtue Ethics.” In Working Virtue: Virtue Ethics and Contemporary Moral Problems, edited by R. L. Walker and P. J. Ivanhoe, 155–171. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jeynes, W. H. 2019. “A Meta-Analysis on the Relationship between Character Education and Student Achievement and Behavioral Outcomes.” Education and Urban Society 51 (1): 33–71. doi:10.1177/0013124517747681.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joireman, J. A., T. P. Lasane, J. Bennett, D. Richards, and S. Solaimani. 2001. “Integrating Social Value Orientation and the Consideration of Future Consequences within the Extended Norm Activation Model of Proenvironmental behaviour.” The British Journal of Social Psychology 40 (Pt 1): 133–155. doi:10.1348/014466601164731.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jordan, K., and K. Kristjánsson. 2017. “Sustainability, Virtue Ethics, and the Virtue of Harmony with Nature.” Environmental Education Research 23 (9): 1205–1229. doi:10.1080/13504622.2016.1157681.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kals, E., D. Schumacher, and L. Montada. 1999. “Emotional Affinity toward Nature as a Motivational Basis to Protect Nature.” Environment and Behavior 31 (2): 178–202. doi:10.1177/00139169921972056.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kellert, S. R. 2002. “Experiencing Nature: Affective, Cognitive, and Evaluative Development in Children.” In Children and Nature: Psychological, Sociocultural, and Evolutionary Investigations, edited by P. H. Kahn Jr and S. R. Kellert, 117–151. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 10.7551/mitpress/1807.001.0001.
   Google Scholar
• Kraemer, H. C. 1992. Evaluating Medical Tests: Objective and Quantitative Guidelines. Vol. 26. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Kuo, M., M. Barnes, and C. Jordan. 2019. “Do Experiences with Nature Promote Learning? Converging Evidence of a Cause-and-Effect Relationship.” Frontiers in Psychology 10: 305. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lankenau, G. R. 2018. “Fostering Connectedness to Nature in Higher Education.” Environmental Education Research 24 (2): 230–244. doi:10.1080/13504622.2016.1225674.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lapsley, D. K., and D. Narvaez. 2006. “Character Education.” In Handbook of Child Psychology. Volume 4: Child Psychology in Practice, edited by K. A. Renninger and I. E. Sigel, 248–296. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0407.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, K., M. C. Ashton, J. Choi, and K. Zachariassen. 2015. “Connectedness to Nature and to Humanity: Their Association and Personality correlates.” Frontiers in Psychology 6: 1003. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leopold, A. 1987 [1949]. A Sand County Almanac, and Sketches Here and There. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Liefländer, A. K., G. Fröhlich, F. X. Bogner, and P. W. Schultz. 2013. “Promoting Connectedness with Nature through Environmental Education.” Environmental Education Research 19 (3): 370–384. doi:10.1080/13504622.2012.697545.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Littman-Ovadia, H., and S. Lavy. 2012. “Character Strengths in Israel: Hebrew Adaptation of the via Inventory of Strengths.” European Journal of Psychological Assessment 28 (1): 41–50. doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000089.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Littman-Ovadia, H., and M. Steger. 2010. “Character Strengths and Well-Being among Volunteers and Employees: Toward an Integrative Model.” The Journal of Positive Psychology 5 (6): 419–430. doi:10.1080/17439760.2010.516765.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Louv, R. 2008. Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder. Chapel Hill, NC: Algonquin Books.
   Google Scholar
• Lumber, R., M. Richardson, and D. Sheffield. 2017. “Beyond Knowing Nature: Contact, Emotion, Compassion, Meaning, and Beauty Are Pathways to Nature connection.” PloS One 12 (5): e0177186. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0177186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martínez-Martí, M. L., M. D. Avia, and M. J. Hernández-Lloreda. 2014. “Appreciation of Beauty Training: A Web-Based Intervention.” The Journal of Positive Psychology 9 (6): 477–481. doi:10.1080/17439760.2014.920512.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayer, F. S., and C. M. Frantz. 2004. “The Connectedness to Nature Scale: A Measure of Individuals’ Feeling in Community with Nature.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 24 (4): 503–515. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2004.10.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayer, F. S., C. M. Frantz, E. Bruehlman-Senecal, and K. Dolliver. 2009. “Why Is Nature Beneficial? The Role of Connectedness to Nature.” Environment and Behavior 41 (5): 607–643. doi:10.1177/0013916508319745.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGrath, R. 2019. The VIA Assessment Suite for Adults: Development and Initial Evaluation (revised edition). https://www.viacharacter.org/pdf/Technical%20Report%20Revised%20Edition%202019_1.pdf
   Google Scholar
• McGrath, R. E. 2014. “Scale- and Item-Level Factor Analyses of the VIA Inventory of Strengths.” Assessment 21 (1): 4–14. doi:10.1177/1073191112450612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGrath, R. E. 2015a. “Character Strengths in 75 Nations: An Update.” The Journal of Positive Psychology 10 (1): 41–52. doi:10.1080/17439760.2014.888580.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGrath, R. E. 2015b. “Integrating Psychological and Cultural Perspectives on Virtue: The Hierarchical Structure of Character Strengths.” The Journal of Positive Psychology 10 (5): 407–424. doi:10.1080/17439760.2014.994222.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGrath, R. E., and D. I. Walker. 2016. “Factor Structure of Character Strengths in Youth: Consistency across Ages and Measures.” Journal of Moral Education 45 (4): 400–418. doi:10.1080/03057240.2016.1213709.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mochizuki, Y., and Z. Fadeeva. 2010. “Competences for Sustainable Development and Sustainability: Significance and Challenges for ESD.” International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 11 (4): 391–403. doi:10.1108/14676371011077603.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morales‐Sánchez, R., and C. Cabello‐Medina. 2015. “Integrating Character in Management: Virtues, Character Strengths, and Competencies.” Business Ethics: A European Review 24: S156–S174. 10.1111/beer.12104.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moser, S. C., S. Jeffress Williams, and D. F. Boesch. 2012. “Wicked Challenges at Land's End: Managing Coastal Vulnerability under Climate Change.” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 37 (1): 51–78. doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-021611-135158.
   Google Scholar
• Negra, C., and R. E. Manning. 1997. “Incorporating Environmental Behavior, Ethics, and Values into Nonformal Environmental Education Programs.” The Journal of Environmental Education 28 (2): 10–21. doi:10.1080/00958964.1997.9942818.
   Google Scholar
• Ng, V., M. Cao, H. W. Marsh, L. Tay, and M. E. Seligman. 2017. “The Factor Structure of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (via-is): An Item-Level Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) Bifactor Analysis.” Psychological Assessment 29 (8): 1053–1058. doi:10.1037/pas0000396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niemiec, R. M. 2014. Character and Strengths: A Practical Guide to Flourishing. Canada: Hogrefe Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Nisbet, E. K., and J. M. Zelenski. 2013. “The NR-6: A New Brief Measure of Nature Relatedness.” Frontiers in Psychology 4: 813. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00813.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nisbett, E. K., J. M. Zelenski, and S. A. Murphy. 2009. “The Nature Relatedness Scale: Linking Individuals' Connection with Nature to Environmental Concern and Behavior.” Environment and Behavior 41 (5): 715–740. doi:10.1177/0013916508318748.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nisbet, E. K., J. M. Zelenski, and S. A. Murphy. 2011. “Happiness Is in Our Nature: Exploring Nature Relatedness as a Contributor to Subjective Well-Being.” Journal of Happiness Studies 12 (2): 303–322. doi:10.1007/s10902-010-9197-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olivos, P., and S. Clayton. 2017. “Self, Nature and Well-Being: Sense of Connectedness and Environmental Identity for Quality of Life.” In Handbook of Environmental Psychology and Quality of Life Research, edited by G. Fleury-Bahi, E. Pol, and O. Navarro, 107–126. Cham: Springer. 10.1007/978-3-319-31416-7_6.
   Google Scholar
• Olivos, P., F. T. Sebastian, J. I. A. Tapia, and E. M. Díaz. 2014. “Dimensiones Del Comportamiento Proambiental y su Relación Con la Conectividad e Identidad Ambientales.” Psico 45 (3): 369–376.
   Google Scholar
• Park, N., and C. Peterson. 2008. “The Cultivation of Character Strengths.” In Teaching for Wisdom: Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Fostering Wisdom, edited by M. Ferrari and G. Potworowski, 59–77. New York: Springer. 10.1007/978-1-4020-6532-3_4.
   Google Scholar
• Park, N., and C. Peterson. 2009. “Character Strengths: Research and Practice.” Journal of College and Character 10 (4. ), 1-10. doi:10.2202/1940-1639.1042.
   Google Scholar
• Park, N., C. Peterson, and M. E. Seligman. 2004. “Strengths of Character and Well-Being.” Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 23 (5): 603–619. doi:10.1521/jscp.23.5.603.50748.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, N., C. Peterson, and M. E. Seligman. 2006. “Character Strengths in Fifty-Four Nations and the Fifty US States.” The Journal of Positive Psychology 1 (3): 118–129. doi:10.1080/17439760600619567.
   Google Scholar
• Peterson, R. A., and Y. Kim. 2013. “On the Relationship between Coefficient Alpha and Composite reliability.” Journal of Applied Psychology 98 (1): 194–198. doi:10.1037/a0030767.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson, C., and M. E. P. Seligman. 2004. Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification. New York: Oxford University Press; Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Phenice, L. A., and R. J. Griffore. 2003. “Young Children and the Natural World.” Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood 4 (2): 167–171. doi:10.2304/ciec.2003.4.2.6.
   Google Scholar
• Plante, E., and R. Vance. 1994. “Selection of Preschool Language Tests: A Data-Based Approach.” Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 25 (1): 15–24. doi:10.1044/0161-1461.2501.15.
   Google Scholar
• Podger, D., G. Piggot, M. Zahradnik, S. Janouskova, I. Velasco, T. Hak, A. L. Dahl, A. Jimenez, and M. K. Harder. 2010. “The Earth Charter and the ESDinds Initiative: Developing Indicators and Assessment Tools for Civil Society Organizations to Examine the Values Dimensions of Sustainability Projects.” Journal of Education for Sustainable Development 4 (2): 297–305. doi:10.1177/097340821000400219.
   Google Scholar
• Quinlan, D., N. Swain, and D. A. Vella-Brodrick. 2012. “Character Strengths Interventions: Building on What We Know for Improved Outcomes.” Journal of Happiness Studies 13 (6): 1145–1163. doi:10.1007/s10902-011-9311-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raykov, T. 2001. “Bias of Coefficient for Fixed Congeneric Measures with Correlated Errors.” Applied Psychological Measurement 25 (1): 69–76. doi:10.1177/01466216010251005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Restall, B., and E. Conrad. 2015. “A Literature Review of Connectedness to Nature and Its Potential for Environmental Management.” Journal of Environmental Management 159: 264–278. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.05.022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richardson, M., and K. McEwan. 2018. “30 Days Wild and the Relationships between Engagement with Nature's Beauty, Nature Connectedness and Well-Being.” Frontiers in Psychology 9: 1500. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01500.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruch, W., M. Weber, N. Park, and C. Peterson. 2014. “Character Strengths in Children and Adolescents.” European Journal of Psychological Assessment 30 (1): 57–64. doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000169.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell, D. C. 2015. “Aristotle on Cultivating Virtue.” In Cultivating Virtue: Perspectives from Philosophy, Theology, and Psychology, edited by N. E. Snow, 17–48. New York: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199967421.003.0002.
   Google Scholar
• Sandler, R. L. 2007. Character and Environment: A Virtue-Oriented Approach to Environmental Ethics. New York: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sandler, R. L. 2018. Environmental Ethics. Theory in Practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Schultz, P. W. 2002. “Inclusion with Nature: The Psychology of Human-Nature Relations.” In Psychology of Sustainable Development, edited by P. Schmuck and W. P. Schultz, 61–78. Boston, MA: Springer. 10.1007/978-1-4615-0995-0_4.
   Google Scholar
• Schultz, P. W., and J. Tabanico. 2007. “Self, Identity, and the Natural Environment: Exploring Implicit Connections with Nature.” Journal of Applied Social Psychology 37 (6): 1219–1247. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00210.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schutte, N. S., and J. M. Malouff. 2019. “The Impact of Signature Character Strengths Interventions: A Meta-Analysis.” Journal of Happiness Studies 20 (4): 1179–1196. doi:10.1007/s10902-018-9990-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shelley, C. 2008. “Jan Smuts and Personality Theory: The Problem of Holism in Psychology.” In Striving for the Whole: Creating Theoretical Syntheses, edited by R. Diriwachter and J. Valsiner, 89–109. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers. 10.4324/9781315130354.
   Google Scholar
• Shimai, S., K. Otake, N. Park, C. Peterson, and M. E. Seligman. 2006. “Convergence of Character Strengths in American and Japanese Young Adults.” Journal of Happiness Studies 7 (3): 311–322. doi:10.1007/s10902-005-3647-7.
   Google Scholar
• Singh, K., and R. Choubisa. 2010. “Empirical Validation of Values in Action-Inventory of Strengths (via-is) in Indian Context.” Psychological Studies 55 (2): 151–158. doi:10.1007/s12646-010-0015-4.
   Google Scholar
• Soldz, S., and G. E. Vaillant. 1999. “The Big Five Personality Traits and the Life Course: A 45-Year Longitudinal Study.” Journal of Research in Personality 33 (2): 208–232. doi:10.1006/jrpe.1999.2243.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, S. Y., and Y. K. Kim. 2018. “A Human-Centered Approach to Green Apparel Advertising: Decision Tree Predictive Modeling of Consumer Choice.” Sustainability 10 (10): 3688. doi:10.3390/su10103688.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tam, K. P. 2013. “Concepts and Measures Related to Connection to Nature: Similarities and Differences.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 34: 64–78. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.01.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang, I. C., W. C. Sullivan, and C. Y. Chang. 2015. “Perceptual Evaluation of Natural Landscapes: The Role of the Individual Connection to Nature.” Environment and Behavior 47 (6): 595–617. doi:10.1177/0013916513520604.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toner, E., N. Haslam, J. Robinson, and P. Williams. 2012. “Character Strengths and Wellbeing in Adolescence: Structure and Correlates of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths for Children.” Personality and Individual Differences 52 (5): 637–642. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.12.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treanor, B. 2014. Emplotting Virtue: A Narrative Approach to Environmental Virtue Ethics. New York: SUNY Press.
   Google Scholar
• UNESCO. 2017. Education for Sustainable Development Goals. https://www.sdg4education2030.org/education-sustainable-development-goals-learning-objectives-unesco-2017.
   Google Scholar
• Valor, C., P. Antonetti, and I. Carrero. 2018. “Stressful Sustainability: A Hermeneutic Analysis.” European Journal of Marketing 52 (3/4): 550–574. doi:10.1108/EJM-12-2016-0712.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verlie, B. 2019. “Bearing Worlds: Learning to Live-with Climate Change.” Environmental Education Research 25 (5): 751–766. doi:10.1080/13504622.2019.1637823.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waddock, S. 2010. “Finding Wisdom within—The Role of Seeing and Reflective Practice in Developing Moral Imagination, Aesthetic Sensibility, and Systems Understanding.” Journal of Business Ethics Education 7: 177–196. 10.5840/jbee2010713.
   Google Scholar
• Wals, A. E., and B. Jickling. 2002. “Sustainability in Higher Education. From Doublethink and Newspeak to Critical Thinking and Meaningful Learning.” International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 3 (3): 221–232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0952-8733(02)00003-X. doi:10.1108/14676370210434688.
   Google Scholar
• Walton, T. N., and R. E. Jones. 2018. “Ecological Identity: The Development and Assessment of a Measurement Scale.” Environment and Behavior 50 (6): 657–689. doi:10.1177/0013916517710310.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss, S., and N. Indurkhya. 1996. “Selecting the Right-Size Model for Prediction.” Applied Intelligence 6 (4): 261–273. doi:10.1007/BF00132733.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, R. A. 1996. “Environmental Education Programs for Preschool Children.” The Journal of Environmental Education 27 (4): 28–33. doi:10.1080/00958964.1996.9941473.
   Google Scholar
• Zelenski, J. M., R. L. Dopko, and C. A. Capaldi. 2015. “Cooperation Is in Our Nature: Nature Exposure May Promote Cooperative and Environmentally Sustainable Behavior.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 42: 24–31. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.01.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zelenski, J. M., and E. K. Nisbet. 2014. “Happiness and Feeling Connected: The Distinct Role of Nature Relatedness.” Environment and Behavior 46 (1): 3–23. doi:10.1177/0013916512451901.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar