Bibliography
- August, Arnold. Cuba and its Neighbours: Democracy in Motion. New York: Zed Books, 2013.
- August, Arnold. “Democracy Still in Motion: The 2013 Election Results in Cuba.” International Journal of Cuban Studies 6, no. 1 (2014): 87–94. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.13169/intejcubastud.6.1.0087. doi:10.13169/intejcubastud.6.1.0087.
- Bahry, Donna, and Brian D. Silver. “Soviet Citizen Participation on the Eve of Democratization.” American Political Science Review 84, no. 3 (1990): 821–847. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1962768. doi: 10.2307/1962768
- Beber, Bernd, and Alexandra Scacco. “The Devil is in the Digits: Evidence That Iran’s Election Was Rigged.” The Washington Post, June 20, 2009.
- Beber, Bernd, and Alexandra Scacco. “What the Numbers Say: A Digit-based Test for Election Fraud.” Political Analysis 20, no. 2 (2012): 211–234. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23260173. doi: 10.1093/pan/mps003
- Blais, André, and R. Kenneth Carty. “The Psychological Impact of Electoral Laws: Measuring Duverger’s Elusive Factor.” British Journal of Political Science 21, no. 1 (1991): 79–93. https://www.jstor.org/stable/193756. doi: 10.1017/S0007123400006037
- Blais, André, Elisabeth Gidengil, Agnieszka Dobrzynska, Neil Nevitte, and Richard Adeau. “Does the Local Candidate Matter? Candidate Effects in the Canadian Election of 2000.” Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue canadienne de science politique 36, no. 3 (2003): 657–664. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3233089. doi: 10.1017/S0008423903778810
- Blaydes, Lisa. “Who Votes in Authoritarian Elections and Why? Determinants of Voter Turnout in Contemporary Egypt.” Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Philadelphia, August 30–September 2, 2006.
- Boland, Philip J., and Kevin Hutchinson. “Student Selection of Random Digits.” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series D (The Statistician) 49, no. 4 (2000): 519–529.
- Bouandel, Youcef. “Reforming the Algerian Electoral System.” The Journal of Modern African Studies 43, no. 3 (2005): 393–415. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3876061. doi: 10.1017/S0022278X05001023
- Brownlee, Jason. “Executive Elections in the Arab World: When and How do They Matter?” Comparative Political Studies 44, no. 7 (2011): 807–828. http://cps.sagepub.com. doi:10.1177/0010414011402034.
- Carey, John M., and Matthew Soberg Shugart. “Incentives to Cultivate a Personal Vote: A Rank Ordering of Electoral Formulas.” Electoral Studies 14, no. 4 (1995): 417–439. doi:10.1016/0261-3794(94)00035-2.
- Chen, Jidong, Jennifer Pan, and Yiqing Xu. “Sources of Authoritarian Responsiveness: A Field Experiment in China.” American Journal of Political Science 60, no. 2 (2016): 383–400.. doi: 10.1111/ajps.12207
- Domínguez, Jorge I. Cuba: Order and Revolution. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1978.
- Domínguez, Jorge I., Ángela Fonseca Galvis, and Chiara Superti. “Authoritarian Regimes and Their Permitted Oppositions: Election Day Outcomes in Cuba.” Latin American Politics and Society 59, no. 2 (2017): 27–52. doi:10.1111/laps.12017.
- Domínguez, Jorge I., Ángela Fonseca Galvis, and Chiara Superti. “Candidates and Votes in Cuba 2013.” Harvard Dataverse, V2. doi:10.7910/DVN/EM8OTV.
- Gandhi, Jennifer, and Ellen Lust-Okar. “Elections Under Authoritarianism.” Annual Review of Political Science 12 (2009): 403–422. doi:10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.060106.095434.
- Gandhi, Jennifer, and Ora John Reuter. “The Incentives for Pre-electoral Coalitions in Non-democratic Elections.” Democratization 20, no. 1 (2013): 137–159. doi:10.1080/13510347.2013.738865.
- García Brigos, Jesús P. “People’s Power and the Updating of the Cuban Economic Model.” Socialism and Democracy 30, no. 1 (2016): 55–71. doi:10.1080/08854300.2016.1148929.
- Gibson, Edward L. Boundary Control: Subnational Authoritarianism in Federal Democracies. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.
- Gilison, Jerome M. “Soviet Elections as a Measure of Dissent: The Missing One Percent.” American Political Science Review 62 (1968): 814–826. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1953432. doi: 10.2307/1953432
- Giraudy, Agustina. “Varieties of Subnational Undemocratic Regimes: Evidence from Argentina and Mexico.” Studies in Comparative International Development 48 (2013): 51–80. doi: 10.1007/s12116-012-9117-4
- Greene, Kenneth. Why Dominant Parties Lose. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
- Guanche, Julio César. “Citizen Participation in the Cuban State.” Socialism and Democracy 30, no. 1 (2016): 72–90. doi:10.1080/08854300.2016.1143646.
- Guanche, Julio César. “La participación ciudadana en el Estado cubano.” Temas 70 (2012): 69–79.
- Hafner-Burton, Emilie M., Susan D. Hyde, and Ryan S. Jablonski. “When Do Governments Resort to Election Violence?” British Journal of Political Science 44, no. 1 (2014): 149–179. doi:10.1017/S0007123412000671.
- Holland, Alisha. “Insurgent Successor Parties: Scaling Down to Build a Party After War.” In Challenges of Party Building in Latin America, edited by Steven Levitsky, James Loxton, Brandon Van Dyke, and Jorge Domínguez, 273–304. Cambridge University Press, 2016.
- Keck, Margaret. The Workers’ Party and Democratization in Brazil. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992.
- Key Jr, Valdimer O. Southern Politics in State and Nation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1949.
- Kitschelt, Herbert, and Steven I. Wilkinson, eds. Patrons, Clients and Policies: Patterns of Democratic Accountability and Political Competition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
- Koehler, Kevin. “Authoritarian Elections in Egypt: Formal Institutions and Informal Mechanisms of Rule.” Democratization 15, no. 5 (2008): 974–990. doi:10.1080/13510340802362612.
- Lehoucq, Fabrice. “Electoral Fraud: Causes, Types, and Consequences.” Annual Review of Political Science 6, no. 1 (2003): 233–256. doi:10.1146/annurev.polisci.6.121901.085655.
- “Ley electoral.” Granma, November 26, 2005. http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/secciones/elecciones2005/art121.html.
- López, Raimundo. “Un domingo distinto.” In Elecciones en Cuba: ¿farsa o democracia?, 51–52. Melbourne: Ocean Press, 1993.
- Loxton, James. “Authoritarian Inheritance and Conservative Party-building in Latin America.” PhD diss., Harvard University, 2014.
- Luna, Juan Pablo. Segmented Representation. Political Party Strategies in Unequal Democracies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.
- Lust-Okar, Ellen. “Elections Under Authoritarianism: Preliminary Lessons from Jordan.” Democratization 13, no. 3 (2006): 456–471. doi:10.1080/13510340600579359.
- Lust-Okar, Ellen, and Amaney Ahmad Jamal. “Rulers and Rules: Reassessing the Influence of Regime Type on Electoral Law Formation.” Comparative Political Studies 35, no. 3 (2002): 337–366. doi:10.1177/0010414002035003004.
- Magaloni, Beatriz. Voting for Autocracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
- Malesky, Edmund, and Paul Schuler. “Paint-by-Numbers Democracy: The Stakes, Structure, and Results of the 2007 Vietnamese National Assembly Election.” Journal of Vietnamese Studies 4, no. 1 (2009): 1–48. doi:10.1525/vs.2009.4.1.1.
- Malesky, Edmund, and Paul Schuler. “The Single-Party Dictator’s Dilemma: Information in Elections without Opposition.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 36, no. 4 (2011): 491–530. doi:10.1111/j.1939-9162.2011.00025.x.
- Manion, Melanie. “‘Good Types’ in Authoritarian Elections: The Electoral Connection in Chinese Local Congresses.” Comparative Political Studies 50, no. 3 (2017): 362–394. doi:10.1177/0010414014537027.
- Nichter, Simeon. “Vote Buying or Turnout Buying? Machine Politics and the Secret Ballot.” American Political Science Review 102 (2008): 19–31.. doi: 10.1017/S0003055408080106
- Pastor, Robert A., and Qingshan Tan. “The Meaning of China’s Village Elections.” The China Quarterly 162 (2000): 490–512. doi:10.1017/S0305741000008225.
- Pepinsky, Thomas. “Autocracy, Elections, and Fiscal Policy: Evidence from Malaysia.” Studies in Comparative International Development 42, no. 1–2 (2007): 136–163. doi: 10.1007/s12116-007-9006-4
- Pérez, Villanueva, and Omar Everleny. “The Cuban Economy: Trajectory, Change and Perspectives.” Cuban Studies 44 (2016): 19–42. doi: 10.1353/cub.2016.0020
- Pravda, Alex. “Elections in Communist Party States.” In Communist Politics: A Reader, edited by Stephen White and Daniel Nelson, 27–54. London: Palgrave, 1986.
- Rafuls Pineda, Daniel. “Cuba’s Electoral System and the Dilemmas of the Twenty-first Century: Between the Liberal Democratic Tradition and True Participation.” Socialism and Democracy 30, no. 1 (2016): 91–104. doi:10.1080/08854300.2016.1142289.
- Rafuls Pineda, Daniel. “El sistema electoral cubano: de la representación formal a la participación real.” Temas 78 (2014): 64–71.
- “Resultados finales oficiales de las elecciones.” Granma, February 8, 2013. http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2013/02/08/nacional/artic09.html.
- Roman, Peter. “Introduction: Overview of Cuban Political Institutions.” Socialism and Democracy 30, no. 1 (2016): 30–34. doi:10.1080/08854300.2016.1142295.
- Samuels, David J. “The Gubernatorial Coattails: Federalism and Congressional Elections in Brazil.” The Journal of Politics 62, no. 1 (2000): 240–253. doi:10.1111/0022-3816.00012.
- Shi, Tianjian. “Voting and Nonvoting in China: Voting Behaviour in Plebiscitary and Limited-Choice Elections.” The Journal of Politics 61, no. 4 (1999): 1115–1139. doi:10.2307/2647556.
- Shugart, Matthew Søberg, Melody Ellis Valdini, and Kati Suominen. “Looking for Locals: Voter Information Demands and Personal Vote-Earning Attributes of Legislators Under Proportional Representation.” American Journal of Political Science 49, no. 2 (2005): 437–449. doi:10.1111/j.0092-5853.2005.00133.x.
- Simpser, Alberto. Why Governments and Parties Manipulate Elections: Theory, Practice, and Implications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
- Staar, Richard. “Elections in Communist Poland.” Midwest Journal of Political Science 2, no. 2 (1958): 200–218. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2108857. doi:10.2307/2108857.
- Stokes, Susan C. “Perverse Accountability: A Formal Model of Machine Politics with Evidence from Argentina.” American Political Science Review 99 (2005): 315–325. doi:10.1017/S0003055405051683.
- Taagepera, Rein. “How Electoral Systems Matter for Democratization.” Democratization 5, no. 3 (1998): 68–91. doi:10.1080/13510349808403573.
- Valdés Paz, Juan. El espacio y el límite: Estudios sobre el sistema político cubano. Panamá: Ruth Casa Editorial, 2009.
- Wampler, Brian, and Leonardo Avritzer. “Participatory Politics: Civil Society and New Institutions in Democratic Brazil.” Comparative Politics 36, no. 3 (2004): 291–312. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4150132. doi:10.2307/4150132.
- Wang, Shuna, and Yang Yao. “Grassroots Democracy and Local Governance: Evidence from Rural China.” World Development 35, no. 10 (2007): 1635–1649. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2006.10.014.
- Wantchekon, Leonard. “Clientelism and Voting Behaviour: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Benin.” World Politics 55, no. 3 (2003): 399–422. doi:10.1353/wp.2003.0018.
- Wong, Chin-Huat, James Chin, and Norani Othman. “Malaysia–Towards a Topology of an Electoral One-party State.” Democratization 17, no. 5 (2010): 920–949. doi:10.1353/wp.2003.0018 doi: 10.1080/13510347.2010.501179