Pre-election polling and the democratic veneer in a hybrid regime

Bibliography

• Barry, James. Armenian Christians in Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Buehler, Matt. “Safety-Valve Elections and the Arab Spring: The Weakening (and Resurgence) of Morocco's Islamist Opposition Party.” Terrorism and Political Violence 25, no. 1 (2012): 137–156. doi: 10.1080/09546553.2013.733274
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bullock, Will, Kosuke Imai, and Jacob N. Shapiro. “Statistical Analysis of Endorsement Experiments: Measuring Support for Militant Groups in Pakistan.” Political Analysis 19, no. 4 (2011): 362–384. doi: 10.1093/pan/mpr031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bursztyn, Leonardo, Davide Cantoni, Patricia Funk, and Noam Yuchtman. Polls, the Press and Political Participation , Working Paper 23490. Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Corstange, Daniel. “Sensitive Questions, Truthful Answers? Modeling the List Experiment with LISTIT.” Political Analysis 17 (2009): 45–63. doi: 10.1093/pan/mpn013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frye, Timothy, Scott Gehlbach, Kyle L. Marquardt, and Ora John Reuter. “Is Putin’s Popularity Real?” Post-Soviet Affairs 33, no. 1 (2017): 1–15. doi: 10.1080/1060586X.2016.1144334
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geddes, Barbara, and John Zaller. “Sources of Popular Support for Authoritarian Regimes.” American Journal of Political Science 33, no. 2 (1989): 319–347. doi: 10.2307/2111150
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horne, Cale D. “The Structure and Significance of Public Opinion in Non-Democratic Contexts.” PhD diss., University of Georgia, 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Horne, Cale D. “Measuring Public Opinion Under Political Repression.” American Diplomacy, April 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Jtichenor, Phillip. “Public Opinion and the Construction of Social Reality.” Annals of the International Communication Association 11, no. 1 (1988): 547–554. doi: 10.1080/23808985.1988.11678707
   Google Scholar
• Kalinin, Kirill. “The Social Desirability Bias in Autocrat's Electoral Ratings: Evidence from the 2012 Russian Presidential Elections.” Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties 26, no. 2 (2016): 191–211. doi: 10.1080/17457289.2016.1150284
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karklins, Rasma. “Soviet Elections Revisited: Voter Abstention in Noncompetitive Voting.” The America Political Science Review 80, no. 2 (1986): 449–470. doi: 10.2307/1958268
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraut, Robert, and John B. McConahay. “How Being Interviewed Affects Voting: An Experiment.” Public Opinion Quarterly 37, no. 3 (1973): 398–306. doi: 10.1086/268101
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krippendorf, Klaus. “The Social Construction of Public Opinion.” In Kommunikation über Kommunikation. Theorie, Methoden und Praxis, edited by Edith Wienand, Joachim Westerbarkey, and Armin Scholl, 129–149. Wiesbaden: VS-Verlag, 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Lipari, Lisbeth. “Polling as Ritual.” Journal of Communication 49, no. 1 (1999): 83–102. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1999.tb02783.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magaloni, Beatriz. Voting for Autocracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Otava, Jiři, and Paul Wilson. “Public Opinion Research in Czechoslovakia.” Social Research 55, no. 1/2 (1988): 247–260.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson, Sidney A. “Public Opinion and the Pulse of Democracy.” Society 42, no. 1 (2004): 57–71. doi: 10.1007/BF02687301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schedler, Andreas. Electoral Authoritarianism: The Dynamics of Unfree Competition. Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Simpser, Alberto. Why Governments and Parties Manipulate Elections. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Song, Yunya, Yin Lu, Tsan-Kuo Chang, and Yu Huang. “Polls in an Authoritarian Space: Reporting and Representing Public Opinion in China.” Asian Journal of Communication 27, no. 4 (2017): 339–356. doi: 10.1080/01292986.2016.1261362
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tannenberg, Marcus. The Autocratic Trust Bias: Politically Sensitive Survey Items and Self-censorship. Cape Town: Afrobarometer, 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Tilly, Charles, and Sidney Tarrow. Contentious Politics. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers, 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Wiktorowicz, Quintan. “The Limits of Democracy in the Middle East: The Case of Jordan.” Middle East Journal 53, no. 4 (1999): 606–620.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wedeen, Lisa. Peripheral Visions: Publics, Power and Performance in Yemen. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Willnat, Lars, Ven-hewi Lo, and Annette Aw. “The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: Public Opinion Polling in Taiwan.” In Opinion Polls and the Media, edited by Christina Holtz-Bacha and Jesper Strömbäck, 198–222. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Verba, Sidney. “The Citizen as Respondent: Sample Surveys and American Democracy.” American Political Science Review 90, no. 1 (1996): 1–7. doi: 10.2307/2082793
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yalch, Richard F. “Pre-election Interview Effects on Voter Turnout.” Public Opinion Quarterly 40, no. 3 (1976): 331–336. doi: 10.1086/268309
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar