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Articles

Medical device regulation in the European Union, Japan and the United States. Commonalities, differences and challenges

Pages 362-388 | Received 20 Jan 2012, Accepted 15 Aug 2012, Published online: 26 Nov 2012

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Legislation in the EU

  • The Active Implantable Devices Directive of 1990 (90/385/EEC), as amended .
  • The Medical Devices Directive of 1993 (93/43/EEC), as amended .
  • The In Vitro Diagnostic Directive of 1989 (89/79/EC), as amended .
  • The Medical Device Directive 2007 (07/47/EC) .

Legislation in the United States

  • Medical Device Amendments of 1976 .
  • The Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990 .
  • The Medical Device Amendments of 1992 .
  • The Food and Drug Administration and Modernization Act of 1997 .
  • The Medical Device User Fee and Modernization Act of 2002, as renewed 2008–2012 .
  • The Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act of 2012 .

Legislation in Japan

  • The Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Act of 2002, as amended in 2005 .

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