Modeling Gender Effects of Pakistan's Trade Liberalization

References

• Agricultural Census Organization . 1993 . Census of Agriculture 1990 , Islamabad : Statistics Division, Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs, Government of Pakistan .
   Google Scholar
• Anand , Sudhir and Ravallion , Martin . 1993 . “Human Development in Poor Countries: On the Role of Private Incomes and Public Services.” . Journal of Economic Perspectives , 7 ( 1 ) : 133 – 150 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arndt , Channing , Robinson , Sherman and Tarp , Finn . 2006 . “Trade Reform and Gender in Mozambique.” . Nordic Journal of Political Economy , 32 ( 1 ) : 73 – 89 .
   Google Scholar
• Arndt , Channing and Finn , Tarp . . “Trade Policy Reform and the Missing Revenue: A Gendered Analysis for Mozambique.” . Paper presented at the 6th Annual Conference on Global Economic Analysis .
   Google Scholar
• Browning , Martin , Pierri-Andre , Chiappori and Arthur , Lewbel . 2003 . “Estimating Consumption of Economies of Scale, Adult Equivalence Scales and Household Bargaining Power.” , Centre for Applied Micro-econometrics, Institute of Economics, University of Copenhagen . http://www.econ.ku.dk/cam/Files/workingpapers/2003/2003-12_Martin_Browning.pdf (accessed November 2008).
   Google Scholar
• Centre for Research on Poverty Reduction and Income Distribution (CRPRID) . 2002 . Pakistan Human Condition Report – 2002. , Islamabad, Pakistan : UNDP .
   Google Scholar
• Cockburn , John , Bernard , Decaluwé and Veronique , Robichaud . 2008 . “Trade Liberalization and Poverty: Lessons from Asia and Africa,” , International Development Research Center : Ottawa . in John Cockburn, Bernard Ducaluwé, and Veronique Robichand, eds. Trade Liberalisation and Poverty: A CGE Analysis of the 1990s Experience in Africa and Asia, pp. 437–58
   Google Scholar
• Deaton , Angus . 1997 . The Analysis of Household Surveys: A Microeconomic Approach to Development Policy , Baltimore, MD : Johns Hopkins University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Decaluwé , Bernard , Jean , Christophe Dumont and Luc , Savard . 1999 . “How to Measure Poverty and Inequality in a General Equilibrium Framework.” , Laval University . CREFA Working Paper 9920
   Google Scholar
• Duclos , Jean-Yves , Abdelkrim , Araar and Carl , Fortin . 2001 . “DAD-4: A Software for Distributional Analysis/Analyze Distributive, MIMAP Program.” , Université Laval . International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Government of Canada and CREFA
   Google Scholar
• Elson , Diane . 1995 . “Gender Awareness in Modeling Structural Adjustment.” . World Development , 23 ( 11 ) : 1851 – 1868 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Federal Bureau of Statistics . 1993a . Household Integrated Economic Survey 1990–91 , Islamabad : Statistics Division, Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs, Government of Pakistan .
   Google Scholar
• Federal Bureau of Statistics . 1993b . Labour Force Survey 1990–91 , Islamabad : Statistics Division, Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs, Government of Pakistan .
   Google Scholar
• Federal Bureau of Statistics . 1996 . Supply and Use Tables of Pakistan 1989–90 , Islamabad : Statistics Division, Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs, Government of Pakistan .
   Google Scholar
• Fofana , Ismail , John , Cockburn and Bernard , Decaluwé . 2003 . “Modelling Male and Female Work in a Computable General Equilibrium Applied to Nepal.” Bangkok Paper distributed at a conference on Macro Adjustment Policies Gender-Network
   Google Scholar
• Fofana , Ismail , John , Cockburn and Bernard , Decaluwé . 2005 . “A Gender-aware Macroeconomic Model for Evaluating Impacts of Policies on Poverty Reduction in Africa: The Case of South Africa, Part II: Construction of the Model and Policy Simulation Results.” , United Nations : African Centre for Gender and Development (ACGD) .
   Google Scholar
• Fontana , Marzia . 2001 . “Modelling the Effects of Trade on Women: A Closer Look at Bangladesh.” , University of Sussex . IDS Working Paper 139, Institute of Development Studies
   Google Scholar
• Fontana , Marzia . 2002 . “Modelling the Effects of Trade on Women: The Case of Zambia.” , University of Sussex . IDS Working Paper 155, Institute of Development Studies
   Google Scholar
• Fontana , Marzia and Yana van der Meulen , Rodgers . 2005 . “Gender Dimensions in the Analysis of Macro-Poverty Linkages.” . Development Policy Review , 23 ( 3 ) : 333 – 349 .
   Google Scholar
• Fontana , Marzia and Wood , Adrian . 2000 . “Modelling the Effects of Trade on Women, At Work and At Home.” . World Development , 28 ( 7 ) : 1173 – 1190 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster , James , Greer , Joel and Thorbecke , Erik . 1984 . “A Class of Decomposable Poverty Measures.” . Econometrica , 52 ( 3 ) : 761 – 766 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunter , G. Bernhard , Marc , Cohen J. and Hans , Lofgren . 2005 . “Analysing Macro-Poverty Linkages: An Overview.” . Development Policy Review , 23 ( 3 ) : 243 – 265 .
   Google Scholar
• Gunter , G. Bernhard , Lance , Taylor and Eric , Yeldan . 2005 . “Analysing Macro-Poverty Linkages of External Liberalisation: Gaps, Achievements and Alternative.” . Development Policy Review , 23 ( 3 ) : 285 – 298 .
   Google Scholar
• Haddad , Lawrence , John , Hoddinott and Harold , Alderman . 1994 . “Intrahousehold Resource Allocation: An Overview.” , Washington, DC : The World Bank, Policy Research Department, Poverty and Human Resources Division . Policy Research Working Paper 1255
   Google Scholar
• Haddad , Lawrence and Kanbur , Ravi . 1990 . “How Serious is the Neglect of Intrahousehold Inequality?” . Economic Journal , 100 ( 402 ) : 866 – 881 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hafeez , Amtul . 2000 . “Determinants of Female Labour Force Participation Decision for Educated Married Women: A Case Study of the District Mani Bahauddin.” , Quaid-i-Azam University . MA Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Hertel , W. Thomas and L. , Alan Winters . 2005 . “Poverty Impact of a WTO Agreement: Synthesis and Overview,” . In Putting Development Back into the Doha Agenda: Poverty Impacts of a WTO Agreement , Edited by: Hertel , Thomas W. and Winters , L. Alan . 1 – 44 . Washington, DC : World Bank .
   Google Scholar
• Jose , Sunny . 2003 . “Gender Bias in Resource Allocation in India: Where Do Household Models and Empirical Evidence Intersect?” . Indian Journal of Gender Studies , 10 ( 3 ) : 405 – 429 .
   Google Scholar
• Kabeer , Naila . 2003 . Gender Mainstreaming in Poverty Eradication and the Millennium Development Goals: A Handbook for Policy-makers and Other Stakeholders , Ottawa : International Development Research Centre (IDRC) .
   Google Scholar
• Kanbur , Ravi . 1987 . “Structural Adjustment, Macroeconomic and Poverty: A Methodology for Analysis.” . World Development , 15 ( 2 ) : 1515 – 1526 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , Jongsoog and Zepeda , Lydia . 2004 . “When the Work is Never Done: Time Allocation in US Family Farm Households.” . Feminist Economics , 10 ( 1 ) : 115 – 139 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lise , Jeremy and Shannon , Seitz . 2004 . Queen's University . “Consumption Inequality and Intrahousehold Allocations.” Queen's IER Working Paper 1019 http://qed.econ.queensu.ca/pub/faculty/seitz/inequality05.pdf (accessed November 2008)
   Google Scholar
• Mahmood , Muhammad Arshad . 2003 . “Estimates of Mortality,” . In Population of Pakistan: An Analysis of 1998 Population, and Housing Census , Edited by: Kemal , A. R. , Irfan , Mohummad and Mehmood , Naushine . 121 – 144 . Islamabad : Pakistan Institute of Development Economics and United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) .
   Google Scholar
• Sathar , Zeba and Shahnaz , Kazi . 1997 . “Women's Autonomy, Livelihood and Fertility: A Study of Rural Punjab.” , Islamabad : Pakistan Institute of Development Economics .
   Google Scholar
• Siddiqui , Rehana , Shehnaz , Hameed , Rizwana , Siddiqui and Naeem , Akhtar . 2003 . “Gender and Adjustment Policies: Evidence from Pakistan,” . In Tracking Gender Equality Under Economic Reforms, Continuity and Change in South Asia , Edited by: Mukhopadhyay , Swapna and Sudershan , Ratna M. 153 – 195 . Ottawa: : International Development Research Centre (IDRC) .
   Google Scholar
• Siddiqui , Rehana , Shehnaz , Hameed , Rizwana , Siddiqui , Naeem , Akhtar and Ghulam Yasin , Soomro . 2006 . “Gender and Empowerment: Evidence from Pakistan.” , Islamabad : Pakistan Institute of Development Economics .
   Google Scholar
• Siddiqui , Rehana and Siddiqui , Rizwana . 1998 . “A Decomposition of Male–Female Earnings Differentials.” . The Pakistan Development Review , 37 ( 4 ) : 885 – 898 .
   Google Scholar
• Siddiqui , Rizwana . 2005 . “Modelling Gender Dimensions of the Impact of Economic Reforms on Time Allocation among Market Work, Household Work, and Leisure.” . The Pakistan Development Review , 44 ( 4 ) : 615 – 642 .
   Google Scholar
• Siddiqui , Rizwana . 2007 . “Modeling Gender Dimensions of the Impact of Economic Reforms in Pakistan.” , Canada : University of Laval . MPIA Working Paper 13
   Google Scholar
• Siddiqui , Rizwana . 2008a . “Income, Public Social Services and Capabilities Development: A Cross District Analysis of Pakistan.” , Pakistan Institute of Development Economics . Working Paper Series 43
   Google Scholar
• Siddiqui , Rizwana . 2008b . “Welfare and Poverty Implications of Global Rice and Agricultural Trade Liberalisation for Pakistan,” . In Global Rice and Agriculture Trade Liberalization: Poverty and Welfare Implications for South Asian Countries , Edited by: Razzaque , Mohammad A. and Laurent , Edwin . 131 – 184 . London : Commonwealth Secretariat and Academic Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Siddiqui , Rizwana . . “Do Dividends of Liberalization of Agriculture and Food (Manufactured) Trade Trickle Down to the Poor in Pakistan?,” . Trade and Economic Growth Linkages: Conference Proceedings . Edited by: Mazhar Iqbal , Muhammed and Idrees , Muhammed . pp. 59 – 96 . Islamabad : Department of Economics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad in collaboration with Social Sciences and Humanitarian Section, Higher Education Commission .
   Google Scholar
• Siddiqui , Rizwana and Kemal , Abdur-Razzaque . 2006 . “Remittances, Trade Liberalization, and Poverty in Pakistan: The Role of Excluded Variables in Poverty Change Analysis.” . The Pakistan Development Review , 45 ( 3 ) : 383 – 415 .
   Google Scholar
• Siddiqui , Rizwana , Abdur-Razzaque , Kemal , Rehana , Siddiqui and Muhammad , Ali Kemal . 2008 . “Tariff Reduction, Fiscal Adjustment and Poverty in Pakistan: A CGE-Based Analysis,” . In Trade Liberalization and Poverty: A CGE Analysis of the 1990s Experience in Africa and Asia , Edited by: Cockburn , John , Decaluwé , Bernard and Robichaud , Véronique . 303 – 343 . Ottawa, Canada : International Development Research Centre .
   Google Scholar
• Sinha , Anushree and Sangita , N. 2003 . “Gender in a Macroeconomic Framework: A CGE Model Analysis,” . In Tracking Gender Equality under Economic Reforms, Continuity and Change in South Asia , Edited by: Mukhopadhyay , Swapna and M. Sudershan , Ratna . 321 – 363 . Ottawa : International Development Research Centre (IDRC) .
   Google Scholar
• Thorbecke , Erik . 1991 . “Adjustment Growth and Income Distribution in Indonesia.” . World Development , 19 ( 11 ) : 1595 – 1614 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weerahewa , Jeevika . 2002 . “The Influence of Garment Exports on Male–Female Wage Inequality in Sri Lanka.” , UK : Department for International Development . Unpublished paper
   Google Scholar
• White , Howard and Edoardo , Masset . 2002 . “Child Poverty in Vietnam: Using Adult Equivalence Scales to Estimate Income-Poverty for Different Age Groups.” , University of Sussex . Young Lives, An International Study of Childhood Poverty, Working Paper 6, Institute of Development Studies
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . 2001 . “Engendering Development: Through Gender Equality in Rights, Resources, and Voice.” , Washington, DC : World Bank .
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . 2005 . “World Development Indicators 2005.” , Washington, DC : World Bank .
   Google Scholar