Psychological adjustment to systemic sclerosis—exploring the association of disease factors, functional ability, body related attitudes and fear of negative evaluation

References

• American Rheumatism Association . 1980 . Subcommittee for scleroderma criteria of the American Rheumatism Association diagnostic and therapeutic criteria committee. Preliminary criteria for the classification of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) . Arthritis & Rheumatism , 23 : 581 – 590 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Angelopoulos , NV , Drosos , AA and Moutsopoulos , HM . 2001 . Psychiatric symptoms associated with scleroderma . Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , 70 : 145 – 150 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ben-Tovim , DI and Walker , MK . 1991 . The development of the Ben-Tovim Walker Body Attitudes Questionnaire (BAQ), a new measure of women's attitudes towards their own bodies . Psychological Medicine , 21 : 775 – 784 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben-Tovim , DI and Walker , MK . 1995 . Body image, disfigurement and disability . Journal of Psychosomatic Research , 39 : 283 – 291 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Benrud-Larson , LM , Haythornthwaite , JA , Heinberg , LJ , Boling , C , Reed , J , White , B and Wigley , F . 2002 . The impact of pain and symptoms of depression in scleroderma . Pain , 95 : 267 – 275 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradley , LA , Young , LD , Anderson , KO , Turner , RA , Agudelo , CA , McDaniel , LK , Pisko , EJ , Semble , EL and Morgan , TM . 1987 . Effects of psychological therapy on pain behaviour of rheumatoid arthritis patients: treatment outcome and six month follow-up . Arthritis and Rheumatism , 30 : 1105 – 1114 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clements , PJ , Lachenbruch , PA , Ng , SC , Sinunons , M , Sterz , M and Furst , DE . 1990 . Skin score. A semi quantitative measure of cutaneous involvement that improves prediction of prognosis in systemic sclerosis . Arthritis and Rheumatism , 33 : 1256 – 1263 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen J Cohen P 1992 Applied Multiple regression/correlational analyses for the behavioural sciences Hillsdale NJ: Earlbaum
   Google Scholar
• Fortune , DG , Main , CJ , O'Sullivan , TM and Griffiths , CEM . 1997 . Quality of Life in patients with psoriasis: the contribution of clinical variables and psoriasis-specific stress . British Journal of Dermatology , 137 : 755 – 760 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fortune , DG , Richards , HL , Main , CJ and Griffiths , CEM . 2000 . Pathological worrying, illness perceptions and disease severity in patients with psoriasis . British Journal of Health Psychology , 5 : 71 – 82 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fortune , DG , Richards , HL , Main , CJ and Griffiths , CEM . 2002a . Psychological stress, distress and disability in patients with psoriasis: Consensus and variation in the contribution of illness perceptions, coping and alexithymia . British Journal of Clinical Psychology , 41 : 157 – 174 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fortune , DG , Richards , HL , Main , CJ , Kirby , B , Bowcock , S and Griffiths , CEM . 2002b . A cognitive-behavioural symptom management programme as an adjunct in psoriasis therapy . British Journal of Dermatology , 146 : 458 – 465 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King , M , Darton , K , Feld , J and Black , C . 1996 . Psychological problems in patients with scleroderma: a controlled, prospective study . Psychology Health and Medicine , 3 : 249 – 257 .
   Google Scholar
• Kirby , B , Richards , HL , Woo , P , Hindle , E , Main , CJ and Griffiths , CEM . 2001 . Physical and psychologic measures are necessary to assess overall psoriasis severity . Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology , 45 : 72 – 76 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirby , B , Fortune , DG , Bhushan , M , Chalmers , RJG and Griffiths , CEM . 2000 . The Salford Psoriasis Index (SPI): A holistic measure of psoriasis severity . British Journal of Dermatology , 142 : 728 – 732 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirwan , JR and Reeback , JS . 1986 . Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire Modified to assess disability in British patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis . British Journal of Rheumatology , 25 : 206 – 209 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leary , MR , Rapp , SR , Herbst , KC , Exum , ML and Feldman , SR . 1998 . Interpersonal concerns and psychological difficulties of psoriasis patients: Effects of disease severity and fear of negative evaluation . Health Psychology , 17 : 530 – 536 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leroy EC Black C Fleischmajer R Jablonska S Krieg T Medsger, Jr TA Rowell N Wolheim F 1988 Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis): classification, subsets and pathogenesis Journal of Rheumatology 15 202 – 205
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lewis , G and Wessely , S . 1990 . Comparison of the general health questionnaire and the hospital anxiety and depression scale . British Journal of Psychiatry , 157 : 860 – 864 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malcarne , VL and Greenbergs , HL . 1996 . Psychological adjustment to systemic sclerosis . Arthritis Care and Research , 9 : 51 – 59 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malcarne , VL , Hansdottir , I , Greenbergs , HL , Clements , PJ and Weisman , MH . 1999 . Appearance self-esteem in systemic sclerosis . Cognitive Therapy and Research , 23 : 197 – 208 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merkel , PA . 1998 . Measurement of functional status, self-assessment and psychological well-being in scleroderma . Current Opinion in Rheumatology , 10 : 589 – 594 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moser , DK , Clements , PJ , Brecht , M-L and Weiner , SR . 1993 . Predictors of psychosocial adjustment in systemic sclerosis . Arthritis & Rheumatism , 36 : 1398 – 1405 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Leary , A , Schoor , S , Lorig , K and Holman , HR . 1998 . A cognitive-behavioural treatment for rheumatoid arthritis . Health Psychology , 7 : 527 – 544 .
   Google Scholar
• Richards , H , Fortune , DG , Main , CJ and Griffiths , CEM . 2001 . The contribution of perceptions of stigmatisation to disability in patients with psoriasis . Journal of Psychosomatic Research , 50 : 10 – 15 .
   Google Scholar
• Richards , HL , Herrick , AL , Griffin , K , Gwilliam , PDH , Loukes , J and Fortune , DG . 2003 . Systemic Sclerosis: patients' perceptions of their condition . Arthritis Care and Research , 49 : 689 – 696 .
   Google Scholar
• Robinson , E , Rumsey , N and Partridge , J . 1996 . An evaluation of the impact of social interaction skills training for facially disfigured people . British Journal of Plastic Surgery , 49 : 281 – 289 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roca , RP , Wigley , FM and White , B . 1996 . Depressive symptoms associated with scleroderma . Arthritis & Rheumatism , 39 : 1035 – 1040 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sackett , DL , Rosenberg , WMC , Gray , JAM , Haynes , RB and Richardson , WS . 1996 . Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't . British Medical Journal , 312 : 71 – 72 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samuelson , UK and Ahlmén , EM . 2000 . Development and evaluation of a patient education program for persons with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) . Arthritis Care and Research , 13 : 141 – 148 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steen , VD and Medsger, Jr , TA . 1997 . The value of the health assessment questionnaire and special patient-generated scales to demonstrate change in systemic sclerosis patients over time . Arthritis & Rheumatism , 40 : 1984 – 1991 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stopa , L and Clark , DM . 2001 . Social Phobia: comments on the viability and validity of an analogue research strategy and British norms for the Fear of Negative Evaluation questionnaire . Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy , 29 : 423 – 430 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarrier , N . 1995 . Psychological morbidity in adult burns patients: prevalence and treatment . Journal of Mental Health , 1 : 51 – 62 .
   Google Scholar
• Thompson , A and Kent , G . 2001 . Adjusting to disfigurement: processes involved in dealing with being visibly different . Clinical Psychology Review , 21 : 663 – 682 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vamos , M . 1990 . Body image in rheumatoid arthritis: The relevance of hand appearance to desire for surgery . British Journal of Medical Psychology , 63 : 267 – 277 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waddell , G and Main , CJ . 1984 . Assessment of severity in low back disorders . Spine , 9 : 204 – 208 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson , D and Fiend , R . 1969 . Measurement of social-evaluative anxiety . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 33 : 448 – 457 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zigmond , A and Snaith , R . 1983 . The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , 67 : 361 – 370 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar