Does gender moderate the exercising personality? An examination of continuous and stage-based exercise

References

• Ajzen , I. 1991 . The theory of planned behavior . Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , 50 : 179 – 211 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control, Prevention . n.d . How much physical activity do you need? Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/everyone/guidelines/index.html
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control, Prevention. 2007 . 2001–2007 State physical activity statistics http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/physical/stats/. Accessed November 24, 2009
   Google Scholar
• Cohen , J. 1992 . A power primer . Psychological Bulletin , 112 : 155 – 159 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conner , M. , Rodgers , W. and Murray , T. 2007 . Conscientiousness and the intention-behavior relationship: Predicting exercise behavior . Journal of Sport & Exercise , 29 : 518 – 533 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa , P. T., Jr and McCrae , R. R. 1992 . Revised NEO personality inventory and NEO five-factor inventory: Professional manual , Odessa , FL : Psychological Assessment Resources .
   Google Scholar
• Courneya , K. S. 1995 . Understanding readiness for regular physical activity in older individuals: An application of the theory of planned behavior . Health Psychology , 14 : 80 – 87 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Courneya , K. S. , Bobick , T. M. and Schinke , R. J. 1999 . Does the theory of planned behavior mediate the relation between personality and exercise behavior? . Basic and Applied Social Psychology , 21 : 317 – 324 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Courneya , K. S. and Hellsten , L. M. 1998 . Personality correlates of exercise behavior, motives, barriers and preferences: An application of the five-factor model . Personality and Individual Differences , 24 : 625 – 633 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Digman , J. M. 1990 . Personality structure: Emergence of the five-factor model . Annual Reviews in Psychology , 41 : 417 – 440 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eysenck , H. L. 1970 . The structure of human personality , 3rd ed. , London : Metuen .
   Google Scholar
• Eysenck , H. L. , Nias , D. K.B. and Cox , D. N. 1982 . Sport and personality . Advances in Behavioral Research and Theory , 4 : 1 – 56 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gavin , J. 2004 . Pairing personality with activity: New tool for inspiring active lifestyles . Physician and Sports Medicine , 32 : 17 – 24 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godin , G. and Shepard , R. J. 1985 . A simple method to assess exercise behavior in the community . Canadian Journal of Applied Sport Sciences , 10 : 141 – 146 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goldberg , L. R. 1992 . The development of markers for the big-five factor structure . Psychological Assessment , 4 : 26 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Hedges , L. V. 1981 . Distribution theory for Glass's estimator of effect size and related estimators . Journal of Educational Statistics , 6 : 107 – 128 .
   Google Scholar
• Hoyt , A. L. , Rhodes , R. E. , Hausenblas , H. A. and Giacobbi , P. R. 2009 . Integrating five-factor model facet level traits with the theory of planned behavior and exercise . Psychology of Sport and Exercise , 10 : 565 – 572 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobs , D. R. , Ainsworth , B. E. , Hartman , T. J. and Leon , A. S. 1992 . A simultaneous evaluation of 10 commonly used physical activity questionnaires . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 25 : 81 – 91 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kjelsas , E. and Augestad , L. B. 2004 . Gender, eating behavior, and personality characteristics in physically active students . Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports , 14 : 258 – 268 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lochbaum , M. R. and Lutz , R. 2005 . Exercise enjoyment and psychological response to acute exercise: The role of personality and goal cognitions . Psychology Research Journal , 1 : 4 – 12 .
   Google Scholar
• McCrae , R. R. and Costa , P. T. 1995 . Trait explanations in personality psychology . European Journal of Personality , 9 : 231 – 252 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prochaska , J. O. and DiClemente , C. C. 1983 . Stages and processes of self-change in smoking: Towards an integrative model of change . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 51 : 390 – 395 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prochaska , J. O. and Velicer , W. F. 1997 . The transtheoretical model of health behavior change . American Journal of Health Promotion , 12 : 38 – 48 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , R. E. 2006 . The built-in environment: The role of personality with physical activity . Exercise and Sport Science Reviews , 34 : 83 – 88 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , R. E. and Courneya , K. S. 2003 . Relationships between personality: An extended theory of planned behaviour model and exercise . British Journal of Health Psychology , 8 : 19 – 36 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , R. E. , Courneya , K. S. , Blanchard , C. M. and Plotnikoff , R. C. 2007 . Prediction of leisure-time walking: An integration of social cognitive, perceived environmental, and personality factors . International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity , 4 : 51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , R. E. , Courneya , K. S. and Bobick , T. M. 2001 . Personality and exercise participation across the breast cancer experience . Psycho-Oncology , 10 : 380 – 388 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , R. E. , Courneya , K. S. and Hayduk , L. A. 2002a . Does personality moderate the theory of planned behavior in the exercise domain? . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 24 : 120 – 132 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , R. E. , Courneya , K. S. and Jones , L. W. 2002b . Personality, the theory of planned behavior and exercise: A unique role of extroversion's activity facet . Journal of Applied Social Psychology , 32 : 1721 – 1736 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , R. E. and Smith , N. E.I. 2006 . Personality correlates of physical activity: A review and meta-analysis . British Journal of Sports Medicine , 40 : 958 – 965 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sale , C. , Guppy , A. and El-Sayed , M. 2000 . Individual differences, exercise and leisure activity in predicting affective well-being in young adults . Ergonomics , 43 : 1689 – 1697 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Loon , A. J.M. , Tijhuis , M. , Surtees , P. G. and Ormel , J. 2001 . Personality and coping: Their relationship with lifestyle risk factors for cancer . Personality and Individual Differences , 31 : 541 – 553 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinstein , N. D. , Lyon , J. E. , Sandman , P. M. and Cuite , C. L. 1998 . Experimental evidence for stages of health behavior change: The precaution adoption process model applied to home radon testing . Health Psychology , 17 : 445 – 453 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar