Do hotter temperatures increase the incidence of self-harm hospitalisations?

References

• Ajdacic-Gross, V., Bopp, M., Ring, M., Gutzwiller, F., & Rossler, W. (2010). Seasonality in suicide – A review and search of new concepts for explaining the heterogeneous phenomena. Social Science & Medicine, 71, 657–666. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.05.030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ajdacic-Gross, V., Lauber, C., Sansossio, R., Bopp, M., Eich, D., Gostynski, M., … Rössler, W. (2007). Seasonal associations between weather conditions and suicide – Evidence against a classic hypothesis. American Journal of Epidemiology, 165, 561–569. doi:10.1093/aje/kwk034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barker, A., Hawton, K., Fagg, J., & Jennison, C. (1994). Seasonal and weather factors in parasuicide. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 375–380. doi:10.1192/bjp.165.3.375
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bates, D., Maechler, M., Bolker, B., & Walker, S. (2013). lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using Eigen and S4 (Version 1.0-5). Retrieved from http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lme4/index.html
   Google Scholar
• Berry, H. L., Bowen, K., & Kjellstrom, T. (2010). Climate change and mental health: A causal pathways framework. International Journal of Public Health, 55, 123–132. doi:10.1007/s00038-009-0112-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coxe, S., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2009). The analysis of count data: A gentle introduction to poisson regression and its alternatives. Journal of Personality Assessment, 91, 121–136. doi:10.1080/0022389080263417510.1080/00223890802634175
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deisenhammer, E. A., Kemmler, G., & Parson, P. (2003). Association of meteorological factors with suicide. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 108, 455–459. doi:10.1046/j.0001-690X.2003.00219.x10.1046/j.0001-690X.2003.00219.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doganay, Z., Sunter, A. T., Guz, H., Ozkan, A., Altintop, L., Kati, C., … Guven, H. (2003). Climatic and diurnal variation in suicide attempts in the ED. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21, 271–275. doi:10.1016/S0735-6757(03)00039-110.1016/S0735-6757(03)00039-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helama, S., Holopainen, J., & Partonen, T. (2013). Temperature-associated suicide mortality: Contrasting roles of climatic warming and the suicide prevention program in Finland. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 18, 349–355. doi:10.1007/s12199-013-0329-710.1007/s12199-013-0329-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiltunen, L., Ruuhela, R., Ostamo, A., Lönnqvist, J., Suominen, K., & Partonen, T. (2012). Atmospheric pressure and suicide attempts in Helsinki, Finland. International Journal of Biometeorology, 56, 1045–1053. doi:10.1007/s00484-011-0518-210.1007/s00484-011-0518-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IPCC. (2013). Climate change 2013: The physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/
   Google Scholar
• Jessen, G., Andersen, K., Arensman, E., Bille-Brahe,U., Crepet, P., De Leo, D., … Wasserman, D. (1999). Temporal fluctuations and seasonality in attempted suicide in Europe: Findings from the WHO/EURO multicentre study on parasuicide. Archives of Suicide Research, 5, 57–69. doi:10.1080/13811119908258315
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jessen, G., Steffensen, P., & Jensen, B. F. (1998). Seasons and meteorological factors in suicidal behaviour: Findings and methodological considerations from a Danish study. Archives of Suicide Research, 4, 263–280. doi:10.1080/13811119808258301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, Y., Kim, H., & Kim, D.-S. (2011). Association between daily environmental temperature and suicide mortality in Korea (2001–2005). Psychiatry Research, 186, 390–396. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.08.00610.1016/j.psychres.2010.08.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lester, D. (1999). Climatic data and national suicide and homicide rates. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 89, 1036. doi:10.2466/pms.1999.89.3.103610.2466/pms.1999.89.3.1036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackintosh, L. (2001). Overview of New Zealand climate. Retrieved January 10, 2012, from http://www.niwa.co.nz/education-and-training/schools/resources/climate/overview
   Google Scholar
• MacPherson, L. (2014). National population estimates: At 30 June 2014. Retrieved January 29, 2015, from http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/population/estimates_and_projections/NationalPopulationEstimates_HOTPAt30Jun14.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Masterton, G. (1991). Monthly and seasonal variation in parasuicide. A sex difference. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 155–157. doi:10.1192/bjp.158.2.15510.1192/bjp.158.2.155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ministry of Health. (2012). Suicide facts: Deaths and intentional self-harm hospitalisations 2010. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved from http://www.health.govt.nz/publication/suicide-facts-deaths-and-intentional-self-harm-hospitalisations-2010
   Google Scholar
• Morselli, E. A. (1882). Suicide: An essay on comparative moral statistics. New York, NY: Appleton.
   Google Scholar
• NIWA. (n.d.). CliFlo national climate database. Retrieved October 3, 2013, from http://cliflo.niwa.co.nz/
   Google Scholar
• Page, L. A., Hajat, S., & Kovats, R. (2007). Relationship between daily suicide counts and temperature in England and Wales. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 191, 106–112. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.03194810.1192/bjp.bp.106.031948
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preti, A. (1997). The influence of seasonal change on suicidal behaviour in Italy. Journal of Affective Disorders, 44, 123–130. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(97)00035-910.1016/S0165-0327(97)00035-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R Core Team. (2013). R: A language and environment for statistical computing (Version 3.0.2). Vienna. Retrieved from http://www.R-project.org/
   Google Scholar
• Rock, D. J., & Hallmayer, J. F. (2008). The seasonal risk for deliberate self-harm. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 29, 191–201. doi:10.1027/0227-5910.29.4.19110.1027/0227-5910.29.4.191
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rotton, J. (1986). Determinism redux: Climate and cultural correlates of violence. Environment and Behavior, 18, 346–368. doi:10.1177/001391658618300310.1177/0013916586183003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Souêtre, E., Wehr, T. A., Douillet, P., & Darcourt, G. (1990). Influence of environmental factors on suicidal behavior. Psychiatry Research, 32, 253–263. doi:10.1016/0165-1781(90)90030-910.1016/0165-1781(90)90030-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Statistics New Zealand. (2014). 2013 Census QuickStats about culture and identity. Retrieved January 29, 2015, from http://www.stats.govt.nz/Census/2013-census/profile-and-summary-reports/quickstats-culture-identity/ethnic-groups-NZ.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Statistics New Zealand. (n.d.). Estimated resident population (ERP), subnational population by ethnic group, age, and sex, at 30 June 1996, 2001, 2006, and 2013. Retrieved January 14, 2015, from http://nzdotstat.stats.govt.nz/wbos/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=TABLECODE7512
   Google Scholar
• Tait, A., Henderson, R., Turner, R., & Zheng, X. (2006). Thin plate smoothing spline interpolation of daily rainfall for New Zealand using a climatological rainfall surface. International Journal of Climatology, 26, 2097–2115. doi:10.1002/joc.135010.1002/(ISSN)1097-0088
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, M. N., Hill, S. R., & Spicer, J. (2015). Will climate change increase or decrease suicide rates? The effect of temperature on suicide incidence in New Zealand. Climatic Change. Advance online publication. doi:10.1007/s10584-015-1371-9
   Google Scholar
• Yip, P. S. F., Chao, A., & Ho, T. P. (1998). A re-examination of seasonal variation in suicides in Australia and New Zealand. Journal of Affective Disorders, 47, 141–150. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(97)00135-310.1016/S0165-0327(97)00135-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar