Psychosocial impacts of communal conflicts in a sample of secondary school youths from two conflict communities in south east Nigeria

References

• Abdeen, Z., Qasrawi, R., Nabil, S., & Shaheen, M. (2008). Psychological reactions to Israeli occupation: Findings from the national study of school based screening in Palestine. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 32, 290–297.10.1177/0165025408092220
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adekola, B. (2009). Gender differences in the experience of work burnout among university staff. African Journal of Business Management, 4, 886–889.
   Google Scholar
• Adewuya, A., Ola, B., & Mapayi, B. (2006). Anxiety disorders among Nigerian women in late pregnancy: A controlled study. Achieves of Women Health, 9, 325–328.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albert, O. I. (2001). Introduction to third party intervention in community conflicts. Ibadan: John Archics.
   Google Scholar
• Alimba, N. C. (2014). Probing the dynamic of communal conflict in Northern Nigeria. African Research Review, 8, 177–204.10.4314/afrrev.v8i1.13
   Google Scholar
• Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. K. (1996). Manual for beck depression inventory-2. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Beiser, M., Wiwa, O., & Adebajo, S. (2010). Human-initiated disaster, social disorganization and post traumatic stress disorder above Nigeria’s oil basins. Social Science and Medicine, 71, 221–227.10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.03.039
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benyamini, Y., & Solomon, Z. (2005). Combat stress reactions, posttraumatic stress disorder, cumulative life stress, and physical health among Israeli veterans twenty years after exposure to combat. Social Science and Medicine, 61, 1267–1277.10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.01.023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betancourt, T., Speelman, L., Onyango, G., & Bolton, P. (2009). A qualitative study of mental health problems among children displaced by war in Northern Uganda. Transcultural Psychiatry, 46, 238–256.10.1177/1363461509105815
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breslau, N., Peterson, E. L., Kessler, R. C., & Schultz, L. R. (1999). Short screening scale for DSM-IV posttraumatic stress disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 908–911.10.1176/ajp.156.6.908
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg, D., & The Institute of Psychiatry. 1978/1981. The general health questionnaire – 12. London: GL Assessment. Retrieved February 7, 2015, from http://www.Mapi-trust.org/questionnaires/8
   Google Scholar
• Ibeanu, O. (2003). Aguleri–Umuleri conflict in Anambra state. In T. Imobighe (Ed.), Civil society and ethnic conflict management in Nigeria (pp. 192–205). Ibadan: Spectrum Books.
   Google Scholar
• James, B. O., Omoaregba, J. O., Eze, G., & Morakinyo, O. (2010). Depression among patients with diabetes mellitus in a Nigerian teaching hospital. South African journal of psychiatry, 16, 61–64.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khamis, V. (2012). Impact of war, religiosity and ideology on PTSD and psychiatric disorders in adolescents from Gaza Strip and South Lebanon. Social Science and Medicine, 74, 2005–2011.10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.02.025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mba, P., & Nwangwu, C. (2014). Sub-ethnic identity and conflict in Nigeria: The policy option for the resolution of the conflict between Ezza and Ezillo in Ebonyi state. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5, 681–688. doi:10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n2p681.A
   Google Scholar
• Miller, K. E., & Rasmussen, A. (2010). War exposure, daily stressors, and mental health in conflict and post-conflict settings: Bridging the divide between trauma-focused and psychosocial frameworks. Social Science and Medicine, 70, 7–16.10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.09.029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ng-Mak, D. S., Salzinger, S., Feldman, R. S., & Stueve, A. C. (2004). Pathologic adaptation to community violence among inner-city youth. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 74, 196–208.10.1037/0002-9432.74.2.196
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obilom, R. E., & Thacher, T. D. (2008). Posttraumatic stress disorder following ethnoreligious conflict in Jos, Nigeria. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 23, 1108–1119.10.1177/0886260507313975
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogwuche, C., & Mkpelanga, D. 2014. Psychological implications of cultural conflict: The Tiv/Fulani experience. Retrieved July 8, 2015, from http://www.academia.edu/7412354/PSYCHOLOGICAL_IMPLICATION_OF_CULTURAL_CONFLICTS
   Google Scholar
• Oji, R. O., Eme, O. I., & Nwoba, H. A. (2015). Human cost of communal conflicts in Nigeria: A case of Ezillo and Ezza–Ezillo conflicts in Ebonyi state (2008–2010). African Journal of Business and Management Review, 4, 1–22.
   Google Scholar
• Sarraj, E., & Qouta, S. (2005). The Palestinian experience. In I. Lopez, G. Chrstodoulou, & M. Maj (Eds.), Disaster and mental health (pp. 229–237). Chichester: Willey.
   Google Scholar
• Scholte, W. F., Olff, M., & Ventevogel, P. (2004). Mental health symptoms following war and repression in Eastern Afghanistan. Journal of the American Medical Association, 292, 585–593.10.1001/jama.292.5.585
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Somasundara, M. D., & Jamunanatha, C. A. (2002). Psychosocial consequences of war: Northern Srilankan experience. In J. De Jong (Ed.), Trauma, war and violence: Public mental health in socio-cultural context (pp. 205–258). New York, NY: Plenum.
   Google Scholar
• Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J., & Löwe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166, 1092–1097.10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steel, Z., Chey, T., Silove, D., & Marnane, C. (2009). Association of torture and other potentially traumatic events with mental health outcomes among population exposed to mass conflicts and displacements: A systematic review and meta analysis. Journal of the American Medical Association, 302, 537–549.10.1001/jama.2009.1132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taiwo, L. S., Abdulaziz, M., Ike, J., & Oluwatosin, A. (2014). Psycho-trauma, psychosocial adjustment and symptomatic post traumatic stress disorder among internally displaced persons in Kaduna, north western Nigeria. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 1–6. Retrieved July 8, 2015. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00127
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar