237
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Anxiety, depression, perceived executive function and sugar sweetened beverages: a causal mediation analysis in Mexican young adults

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 2234-2248 | Received 01 Apr 2022, Accepted 22 Dec 2022, Published online: 03 Jan 2023

References

  • Allom, V., & Mullan, B. (2014). Individual differences in executive function predict distinct eating behaviours. Appetite, 80, 123–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.05.007
  • American Psychiatric Association. 2013. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Publishing, A. P. A.Ed.5th.https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.
  • Arroll, B., Goodyear-Smith, F., Crengle, S., Gunn, J., Kerse, N., Fishman, T., Falloon, K., & Hatcher, S. (2010). Validation of PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 to screen for major depression in the primary care population. Annals of Family Medicine, 8(4), 348–353. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1139
  • Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychological Bulletin, 121(1), 65–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.121.1.65
  • Basto-Abreu, A., Barrientos-Gutiérrez, T., Rojas-Martínez, R., Aguilar-Salinas, C. A., López-Olmedo, N., de la Cruz-Góngora, V., Rivera-Dommarco, J., Shamah Levy, T., Romero-Martínez, M., Barquera, S., López-Ridaura, R., Hernández-Ávila, M., & Villalpando, S. (2020). Prevalencia de diabetes y descontrol glucémico en México: resultados de la Ensanut 2016. Salud publica de Mexico, 62(1), 50–59. https://doi.org/10.21149/10752
  • Brailean, A., Aartsen, M. J., Muniz-Terrera, G., Prince, M., Prina, A. M., Comijs, H. C., Huisman, M., & Beekman, A. (2017). Longitudinal associations between late-life depression dimensions and cognitive functioning: A cross-domain latent growth curve analysis. Psychological Medicine, 47(4). https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329171600297X
  • Buchanan, T. (2016). Self-report measures of executive function problems correlate with personality, not performance-based executive function measures, in nonclinical samples. Psychological Assessment, 28(4), 372–385. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000192
  • Buchanan, T., Heffernan, T. M., Parrott, A. C., Ling, J., & Rodgers, J. (2010). A short self-report measure of problems with executive function suitable for administration via the Internet. Behavior Research Methods, 42(3), 709–714. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.42.3.709
  • Castaneda, A. E., Tuulio-Henriksson, A., Marttunen, M., Suvisaari, J., & Lönnqvist, J. (2008). A review on cognitive impairments in depressive and anxiety disorders with a focus on young adults. Journal of Affective Disorders, 106(1–2), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JAD.2007.06.006
  • Castro Silva, E., Benjet, C., Juárez García, F., Jurado Cárdenas, S., Lucio Gómez-Maqueo, M. E., Valencia Cruz, A., Castro Silva, E., Benjet, C., Juárez García, F., Jurado Cárdenas, S., Lucio Gómez-Maqueo, M. E., & Valencia Cruz, A. (2017). Non-suicidal self-injuries in a sample of Mexican university students. Salud Mental, 40(5), 191–200. https://doi.org/10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2017.025
  • Chazelas, E., Srour, B., Desmetz, E., Kesse-Guyot, E., Julia, C., Deschamps, V., Druesne-Pecollo, N., Galan, P., Hercberg, S., Latino-Martel, P., Deschasaux, M., & Touvier, M. (2019). Sugary drink consumption and risk of cancer: Results from NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort. The BMJ, 366. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l2408
  • Chilcot, J., Rayner, L., Lee, W., Price, A., Goodwin, L., Monroe, B., Sykes, N., Hansford, P., & Hotopf, M. (2013). The factor structure of the PHQ-9 in palliative care. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 75(1), 60–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPSYCHORES.2012.12.012
  • Colchero, M. A., Salgado, J. C., Unar-Munguía, M., Hernández-Ávila, M., & Rivera-Dommarco, J. A. (2015). Price elasticity of the demand for sugar sweetened beverages and soft drinks in Mexico. Economics and Human Biology, 19, 129–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2015.08.007
  • DeBattista, C. (2014). Executive dysfunction in major depressive disorder. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 5(1), 79–83. https://doi.org/10.1586/14737175.5.1.79
  • DeJong, H., Fox, E., & Stein, A. (2019). Does rumination mediate the relationship between attentional control and symptoms of depression? Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 63, 28–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2018.12.007
  • Donlan, W., & Lee, J. (2010). Screening for depression among indigenous Mexican migrant farmworkers using the patient health questionnaire–9. Psychological Reports, 106(2), 419–432. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.106.2.419-432
  • Eysenck, M. W., & Derakshan, N. (2011). New perspectives in attentional control theory. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(7), 955–960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.08.019
  • Familiar, I., Ortiz-Panozo, E., Hall, B., Vieitez, I., Romieu, I., Lopez-Ridaura, R., & Lajous, M. (2015). Factor structure of the Spanish version of the patient health questionnaire-9 in Mexican women. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 24(1), 74–82. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1461
  • Fausnacht, A. G., Myers, E. A., Hess, E. L., Davy, B. M., & Hedrick, V. E. (2020). Update of the BEVQ‐15, a beverage intake questionnaire for habitual beverage intake for adults: Determining comparative validity and reproducibility. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 33(5), 729–737. https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.12749
  • Fitzpatrick, S., Gilbert, S., & Serpell, L. (2013). Systematic review: Are overweight and obese individuals impaired on behavioural tasks of executive functioning? Neuropsychology review, 23(2), 138–156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-013-9224-7
  • Francavilla, N. M., Meade, A. W., & Young, A. L. (2019). Social interaction and internet-based Surveys: Examining the effects of virtual and in-person proctors on careless response. Applied Psychology, 68(2), 223–249. https://doi.org/10.1111/APPS.12159
  • García-Campayo, J., Zamorano, E., Ruiz, M. A., Pardo, A., Pérez-Páramo, M., López-Gómez, V., Freire, O., & Rejas, J. (2010). Cultural adaptation into Spanish of the generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale as a screening tool. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 8(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-8-8
  • Gibson-Smith, D., Bot, M., Brouwer, I. A., Visser, M., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2018). Diet quality in persons with and without depressive and anxiety disorders. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 106, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPSYCHIRES.2018.09.006
  • Hall, P. A. (2012). Executive control resources and frequency of fatty food consumption: Findings from an age-stratified community sample. Health Psychology, 31(2), 235–241. https://doi.org/10.1037/A0025407
  • Hare, B. D., & Duman, R. S. Prefrontal cortex circuits in depression and anxiety: Contribution of discrete neuronal populations and target regions. (2020). Molecular psychiatry, 25(11), 2742–2758. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-020-0685-9
  • Hofmann, W., Gschwendner, T., Friese, M., Wiers, R. W., & Schmitt, M. (2008). Working memory capacity and self-regulatory behavior: Toward an individual differences perspective on behavior determination by automatic versus Controlled Processes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(4), 962–977. https://doi.org/10.1037/A0012705
  • Houben, K., & Jansen, A. (2011). Training inhibitory control. A recipe for resisting sweet temptations. Appetite, 56(2), 345–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APPET.2010.12.017
  • Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Hu, D., Cheng, L., & Jiang, W. (2019). Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption and the risk of depression: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Journal of Affective Disorders, 245, 348–355. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JAD.2018.11.015
  • Hu, Y., & Dolcos, S. (2017). Trait anxiety mediates the link between inferior frontal cortex volume and negative affective bias in healthy adults. Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, 12(5), 775–782. https://doi.org/10.1093/SCAN/NSX008
  • Iob, E., Kirschbaum, C., & Steptoe, A. (2019). Persistent depressive symptoms, HPA-axis hyperactivity, and inflammation: The role of cognitive-affective and somatic symptoms. Molecular psychiatry, 25(5), 1130–1140. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-019-0501-6. 2019.
  • Jordan, P., Shedden Mora, M. C., & Löwe, B. (2017). Psychometric analysis of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) in primary care using modern item response theory. Plos One, 12(8), e0182162. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0182162
  • Kane, J. V., & Barabas, J. (2019). No harm in checking: Using factual manipulation checks to assess attentiveness in experiments. American Journal of Political Science, 63(1), 234–249. https://doi.org/10.1111/AJPS.12396
  • Katzman, M. A., Bilkey, T. S., Chokka, P. R., Fallu, A., & Klassen, L. J. (2017). Adult ADHD and comorbid disorders: Clinical implications of a dimensional approach. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1463-3
  • Khodarahimi, S. (2018). Self-reported nutritional status, executive functions, and cognitive flexibility in adults. Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences, 5(2), 210–217. https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.52.p210217
  • Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2001). The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16(9), 606–613. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x
  • Lamela, D., Soreira, C., Matos, P., & Morais, A. (2020). Systematic review of the factor structure and measurement invariance of the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and validation of the Portuguese version in community settings. Journal of Affective Disorders, 276, 220–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JAD.2020.06.066
  • Lantrip, C., Isquith, P. K., Koven, N. S., Welsh, K., & Roth, R. M. (2016). Executive function and emotion regulation strategy use in adolescents. Applied Neuropsychology Child, 5(1), 5(1. https://doi.org/10.1080/21622965.2014.960567
  • Lazarevich, I., Irigoyen Camacho, M. E., Velázquez-Alva, M. C., Flores, N. L., Nájera Medina, O., & Zepeda Zepeda, M. A. (2018). Depression and food consumption in mexican college students. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 35(3), 620–626. https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.1500
  • Letkiewicz, A. M., Miller, G. A., Crocker, L. D., Warren, S. L., Infantolino, Z. P., Mimnaugh, K. J., & Heller, W. (2014). Executive function deficits in daily life prospectively predict increases in depressive symptoms. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 38(6), 612–620. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-014-9629-5
  • Lezak, M. D. (2012). Neuropsychological assessment (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
  • Limbers, C. A., & Young, D. (2015). Executive functions and consumption of fruits/vegetables and high saturated fat foods in young adults. Journal of Health Psychology, 20(5), 602–611. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105315573470
  • Løvstad, M., Sigurdardottir, S., Andersson, S., Grane, V. A., Moberget, T., Stubberud, J., & Solbakk, A. K. (2016). Behavior rating inventory of executive function adult version in patients with neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions: Symptom levels and relationship to emotional distress. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 22(6), 682–694. https://doi.org/10.1017/S135561771600031X
  • Malik, V. S., Popkin, B. M., Bray, G. A., Després, J. P., & Hu, F. B. (2010). Sugar-sweetened beverages, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease risk. Circulation, 121(11), 1356–1364. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.876185
  • Malloy Diniz, L. F., Miranda, D. M., & Grassi-Oliveira, R. (2017). Editorial: Executive functions in psychiatric disorders. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(SEP), 1461. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01461
  • Meltzer, E. P., Kapoor, A., Fogel, J., Elbulok-Charcape, M. M., Roth, R. M., Katz, M. J., Lipton, R. B., & Rabin, L. A. (2017). Association of psychological, cognitive, and functional variables with self-reported executive functioning in a sample of nondemented community-dwelling older adults. Applied Neuropsychology Adult, 24(4), 364–375. https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2016.1185428
  • Morea, A., & Calvete, E. (2020). Validation of the Brief Questionnaire of Executive Functions Webexec: Performance Tests and Psychological Symptoms Validación del Cuestionario Breve de Funciones Ejecutivas Webexec: Pruebas de rendimiento y síntomas psicológicos. Revista de Psicología Clínica Con Niños y Adolescentes, 7(2), 2020–2056. https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2020.07.2.7
  • Moriguchi, Y. (2014). The early development of executive function and its relation to social interaction: A brief review. Frontiers in Psychology, 5(APR), 388. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00388
  • Muthén, B., & Asparouhov, T. (2015). Causal effects in mediation modeling: An introduction with applications to latent variables. Structural Equation Modeling, 22(1), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2014.935843
  • Offermann Van Heek, J., & Ziefle, M. They don’t care about us! care personnel’s perspectives on ambient assisted living technology usage: Scenario-based survey study. (2018). JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies, 5(2), e10424. 2018. https://doi.org/10.2196/10424
  • Pan American Health Organization. (2015) . Ultra-processed food and drink products in Latin America: Trends, impact on obesity, policy implications. Pan American Health Organization.
  • Penaforte, F. R. D. O., Minelli, M. C. S., Rezende, L. A., & Japur, C. C. (2019). Anxiety symptoms and emotional eating are independently associated with sweet craving in young adults. Psychiatry Research, 271(November 2018), 715–720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.11.070
  • Privitera, G. J., King-Shepard, Q. W., Cuifolo, K. N., & Doraiswamy, P. M. (2019). Differential food intake and food choice by depression and body mass index levels following a mood manipulation in a buffet-style setting. Journal of Health Psychology, 24(2), 199–208. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105316650508
  • Ruanpeng, D., Thongprayoon, C., Cheungpasitporn, W., & Harindhanavudhi, T. (2017). Sugar and artificially sweetened beverages linked to obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 110(8), 513–520. https://doi.org/10.1093/QJMED/HCX068
  • Sánchez-Pimienta, T. G., Batis, C., Lutter, C. K., & Rivera, J. A. (2016). Sugar-sweetened beverages are the main sources of added sugar intake in the Mexican population. The Journal of Nutrition, 146(9), 1888S–1896S. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.115.220301
  • Sharma, R., Tikka, S. K., Bhute, A. R., & Bastia, B. K. (2021). Adherence of online surveys on mental health during the early part of the COVID-19 outbreak to standard reporting guidelines: A systematic review. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 65, 102799. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AJP.2021.102799
  • Shi, R., Sharpe, L., & Abbott, M. (2019). A meta-analysis of the relationship between anxiety and attentional control. Clinical Psychology Review, 72, 101754. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CPR.2019.101754
  • Singh, G. M., Micha, R., Khatibzadeh, S., Lim, S., Ezzati, M., & Mozaffarian, D. (2015). Estimated global, regional, and national disease burdens related to sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in 2010. Circulation, 132(8), 639–666. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010636
  • Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B. W., & Löwe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(10), 1092–1097. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092
  • Suchy, Y., Holmes, L. G., Strassberg, D. S., Gillespie, A. A., Nilssen, A. R., Niermeyer, M. A., & Huntbach, B. A. (2019). The impacts of sexual arousal and its suppression on executive functioning. Journal of Sex Research, 56(1), 114–126. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2018.1462885
  • Tasker, J. G. (2006). Rapid Glucocorticoid actions in the Hypothalamus as a mechanism of Homeostatic integration. Obesity, 14(S8), 259S–265S. https://doi.org/10.1038/OBY.2006.320
  • Walø-Syversen, G., Kvalem, I. L., Kristinsson, J., Eribe, I. L., Rø, Ø., & Dahlgren, C. L. (2019). Executive function, eating behavior, and preoperative weight loss in bariatric surgery candidates: An observational study. Obesity Facts, 12(5), 489–501. https://doi.org/10.1159/000502118
  • Weltens, N., Zhao, D., & Van Oudenhove, L. (2014). Where is the comfort in comfort foods? mechanisms linking fat signaling, reward, and emotion. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 26(3), 303–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.12309
  • Wenzel, M., Geelen, A., Wolters, M., Hebestreit, A., Van Laerhoven, K., Lakerveld, J., Andersen, L. F., van’t Veer, P., & Kubiak, T. (2019). The role of self-control and the presence of enactment models on sugar-sweetened beverage consumption: A pilot study. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(JULY), 1511. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01511
  • Willcutt, E. G., Doyle, A. E., Nigg, J. T., Faraone, S. V., & Pennington, B. F. (2005). Validity of the executive function theory of attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analytic review. Biological Psychiatry, 57(11), 1336–1346. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIOPSYCH.2005.02.006
  • Wulsin, L., Somoza, E., & Heck, J. (2002). The feasibility of using the Spanish PHQ-9 to screen for depression in primary care in Honduras. Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 4(5), 191–195. https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.v04n0504
  • Yin, J., Zhu, Y., Malik, V., Li, X., Peng, X., Zhang, F. F., Shan, Z., & Liu, L. (2021). Intake of sugar-sweetened and low-calorie sweetened beverages and risk of cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Advances in Nutrition, 12(1), 89–101. https://doi.org/10.1093/ADVANCES/NMAA084
  • Zainal, N. H., & Newman, M. G. (2018). Executive function and other cognitive deficits are distal risk factors of generalized anxiety disorder 9 years later. Psychological Medicine, 48(12), 2045–2053. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717003579
  • Zhang, S. Y., Qiu, S. W., Pan, M. R., Zhao, M. J., Zhao, R. J., Liu, L., Li, H. M., Wang, Y. F., & Qian, Q. J. (2021). Adult ADHD, executive function, depressive/anxiety symptoms, and quality of life: A serial two-mediator model. Journal of Affective Disorders, 293, 97–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JAD.2021.06.020
  • Zhou, G., Gan, Y., Miao, M., Hamilton, K., Knoll, N., & Schwarzer, R. (2015). The role of action control and action planning on fruit and vegetable consumption. Appetite, 91, 64–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APPET.2015.03.022
  • Zoellner, J. M., Hedrick, V. E., You, W., Chen, Y., Davy, B. M., Porter, K. J., Bailey, A., Lane, H., Alexander, R., & Estabrooks, P. A. (2016). Effects of a behavioral and health literacy intervention to reduce sugar-sweetened beverages: A randomized-controlled trial. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 13(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-016-0362-1

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.