Publication Cover
Local Environment
The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability
Volume 17, 2012 - Issue 2
1,140
Views
44
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Greenhouse gas emissions from cities: comparison of international inventory frameworks

, , &
Pages 223-241 | Received 24 May 2011, Accepted 23 Jan 2012, Published online: 15 Feb 2012

References

  • ADEME [Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie]. 2007. Bilan Carbone, Version 5.0, methodological guide for companies and local authorities version [online]. Available from: www.ademe.fr/bilan-carbone [Accessed 9 October 2010].
  • Arup, 2011. Climate Action on Megacities: C40 Cities Baseline and Opportunities, Version 1.0, C40 Cities - Climate Leadership Group.
  • Bader, N. and Bleischwitz, R., 2009. Study report. Comparative analysis of local GHG inventory tools. Veolia Environment Institute [online]. Available from: http://www.institut.veolia.org/ive/ressources/documents/2/491,Final-report-Comparative-Analysis-of.pdf [Accessed 9 October 2010].
  • Baynes , T. 2011 . Comparison of household consumption and regional production approaches to assess urban energy use and implications for policy . Energy Policy , 39 ( 11 ) : 7298 – 7309 .
  • Carbon Disclosure Project. 2010. CDP cities 2011, guidance document [online]. Available from: https://www.cdproject.net/en-US/Programmes/Pages/CDP-Cities.aspx [Accessed 20 November 2010].
  • City of New York. 2010a. Official New York City Website [online]. Available from: http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/?front_door=true [Accessed 20 November 2010].
  • City of New York. 2010b. Inventory of New York City Greenhouse Gas Emissions, September 2010, eds. Jonathan Dickinson and Rishi Desai. New York: Mayor's Office of Long-Term Planning and Sustainability.
  • Corfee-Morlot, J., et al., 2009. Cities, climate change and multilevel governance. Paris: OECD, OECD environmental working papers No. 14.
  • Covenant of Mayors. 2009. Baseline emissions inventory guidelines. European commission, Part II In: How to develop a sustainable energy action plan (SEAP) baseline emissions inventory (BEI). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2010. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2010. Available from: http://eumayors.eu/mm/staging/library/seap_gl/docs/001_Complete_version.pdf [Accessed 9 October 2010].
  • Dickinson, J. and Desai, R. 2010. Inventory of New York City greenhouse gas emissions, September 2010 [online]. Available from: http://www.nyc.gov/html/planyc2030/downloads/pdf/greenhousegas_2010.pdf [Accessed 9 October 2010].
  • Dodman , D. 2009 . Blaming cities for climate change? An analysis of urban greenhouse gas emissions inventories . Environment and Urbanization , 21 ( 1 ) : 185 – 201 .
  • GRIP. 2008. Greenhouse Gas Regional Inventory Protocol. Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Manchester and UK Environmental Agency. Available from: http://www.getagriponemissions.com/index-cycle.html [Accessed 9 October 2010].
  • GRIP. 2009. Greenhouse gas emissions inventories for 18 European regions. University of Manchester and UK Environmental Agency: Tyndall centre for climate change research.
  • Harvey , L. D. 1993 . Tackling urban CO2 emissions in Toronto . Environment , 35 ( 7 ) : 16 – 20 .
  • Hillman , T. and Ramaswami , A. 2010 . Greenhouse gas emission footprints and energy use benchmarks for eight U.S . cities. Environmental Science and Technology , 44 ( 6 ) : 1902 – 1910 .
  • Hoornweg , D. 2010 . Cities and climate change: an urgent agenda , Washington , DC : The World Bank .
  • Hoornweg , D. , Sugar , L. and Trejos-Gomez , C. L. 2011 . Cities and greenhouse gas emissions: moving forward . Environment and Urbanization , 23 ( 1 ) : 207 – 227 .
  • ICLEI. 2009. International local government GHG emissions analysis protocol. Global reporting standard in the international local government GHG emissions analysis protocol (IEAP) Version 1.0 [online]. Available from: http://www.getagriponemissions.com/index-cycle.html [Accessed 9 October 2010].
  • IPCC. 2006. IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories. Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories; 1997 In: H.S. Eggleston, L. Buendia, K. Miwa, T. Ngara, and K. Tanabe, eds. Prepared by the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme. Japan: IGES.
  • ISO. 2006. Greenhouse Gases ISO 14064:2006. Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals. Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization.
  • Kates , R. W. 1998 . Methods for estimating greenhouse gases from local places . Local Environment , 3 ( 3 ) : 279 – 297 .
  • Kennedy , C. , Cuddihy , J. and Engel-Yan , J. 2007 . The changing metabolism of cities . Journal of Industrial Ecology , 11 ( 2 ) : 43 – 59 .
  • Kennedy , C. 2009a . Greenhouse gas emissions from global cities . Environmental Science and Technology , 43 ( 19 ) : 7297 – 7302 .
  • Kennedy , C. A. Greenhouse gas emission baselines for global cities and metropolitan regions . Fifth urban research symposium proceedings . June 2009 , France.
  • Kennedy , C. 2010 . Methodology for inventorying greenhouse gas emissions from global cities . Energy Policy , 38 ( 9 ) : 4828 – 37 .
  • Larsen , H. N. and Hertwich , E. G. 2009 . The case for consumption-based accounting of greenhouse gas emissions to promote local climate action . Environmental Science & Policy , 12 ( 7 ) : 791 – 798 .
  • Li , L. 2010 . Energy demand and carbon emissions under different development scenarios for Shanghai, China . Energy Policy , 38 ( 9 ) : 4797 – 807 .
  • Mairie de Paris. 2007. Le Bilan Carbone de Paris: Bilan des émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Paris: Mairie de Paris.
  • Mairie de Paris. 2010. Portal of the city of Paris [online]. Available from: http://www.paris.fr/portail/english/Portal.lut [Accessed 20 November 2010].
  • Mohareb , E. , MacLean , H. and Kennedy , C. A. 2010 . Greenhouse gas emissions from waste management – Assessment of quantification methods . Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association , 61 ( 5 ) : 480 – 493 .
  • Ramaswami , A. 2008 . A demand-centered, hybrid life cycle methodology for city-scale greenhouse gas inventories . Environmental Science and Technology , 42 ( 17 ) : 6455 – 6461 .
  • Ramaswami , A. 2011 . Two approaches to greenhouse gas emissions foot-printing at the city scale . Environmental Science & Technology , 45 ( 10 ) : 4205 – 4206 .
  • Schulz , N. B. 2010 . Delving into the carbon footprints of Singapore – comparing direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions of a small and open economic system . Energy Policy , 38 ( 9 ) : 4848 – 4855 .
  • Shanghai Municipal Government. 2006. Shanghai statistical yearbook [online]. Available from: http://www.stats-sh.gov.cn/2003shtj/tjnj/nje06.htm?d1=2006tjnje/E0100.htm. [Accessed 2 April 2011].
  • Sovacool , B. K. and Brown , M. A. 2010 . Twelve metropolitan carbon footprints: a preliminary comparative global assessment . Energy Policy , 38 ( 9 ) : 4856 – 4869 .
  • Sugar, L., 2010. Global cities and their response to climate change. MASc Thesis. Civil Engineering, University of Toronto.
  • Sugar , L. , Kennedy , C. A. and Leman , E. 2011 . Greenhouse gas emissions from Chinese cities . Journal of Industrial Ecology , accepted for publication
  • UNEP, UN-HABITAT, and the World Bank. 2010. International standard for determining greenhouse gas emissions from cities, version 2.2. World Urban Forum, Brazil, March 2010.
  • UNFCCC. 2006. Kyoto protocol; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change [online]. Available from: http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/items/2830.php [Accessed 20 November 2010].
  • WRI/WBCSD . 2004 . The greenhouse gas protocol: a corporate accounting and reporting standard , Washington , DC : World Resources Institute and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development .
  • Wright , L. A. 2011 . Carbon footprinting for climate change management in cities . Carbon Management , 2 ( 1 ) : 49 – 60 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.