Publication Cover
Local Environment
The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability
Volume 23, 2018 - Issue 10
872
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Seeding agroecology through new farmer training in Canada: knowledge, practice, and relational identities

ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 991-1007 | Received 20 Mar 2018, Accepted 15 Aug 2018, Published online: 06 Sep 2018

References

  • Allen, Patricia. 2008. “Mining for Justice in the Food System: Perceptions, Practices, and Possibilities.” Agriculture and Human Values 25 (2): 157–161. doi:10.1007/s10460-008-9120-6.
  • Altieri, Miguel A. 2009. “Agroecology, Small Farms and Food Sovereignty.” Monthly Review 61 (3): 102–113. doi: 10.14452/MR-061-03-2009-07_8
  • Anandajayasekeram, Ponniah, Kristin E. Davis, and Sindu Workneh. 2007. “Farmer Field Schools: An Alternative to Existing Extension Systems? Experience From Eastern and Southern Africa.” Journal of International Agriculture and Extension Education 14 (1): 81–93. doi:10.5191/jiaee.2007.14107.
  • Ballamingie, Patricia, and Sarah M L Walker. 2013. “Field of Dreams : Just Food ‘ S Proposal to Create a Community Food and Sustainable Agriculture Hub in Ottawa, Ontario.” Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability 18 (5): 529–542. doi: 10.1080/13549839.2013.787975
  • Black Creek Community Farm. 2018. “About the Farm.” accessed September 3, 2018. https://www.blackcreekfarm.ca/about-us/.
  • Burton, Rob J F. 2004. “Seeing Through the ‘Good Farmer’s’ Eyes: Towards Developing an Understanding of the Social Symbolic Value of ‘Productivist’ Behaviour.” Sociologia Ruralis 44 (2): 195–215. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9523.2004.00270.x.
  • Burton, Rob J F, and Upananda Herath Paragahawewa. 2011. “Creating Culturally Sustainable Agri-Environmental Schemes.” Journal of Rural Studies 27 (1): 95–104. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2010.11.001.
  • Burton, Rob J F, and Geoff A. Wilson. 2006. “Injecting Social Psychology Theory Into Conceptualisations of Agricultural Agency: Towards a Post-Productivist Farmer Self-Identity?” Journal of Rural Studies 22 (1): 95–115. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2005.07.004.
  • Calo, Adam. 2018. “How Knowledge Deficit Interventions Fail to Resolve Beginning Farmer Challenges.” Agriculture and Human Values 35 (2): 367–381. doi:10.1007/s10460-017-9832-6.
  • Calo, Adam, and K. T. De Master. 2016. “After the Incubator : Factors Impeding Land Access Along the Path From Farmworker to Proprietor.” Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development 6 (2): 1–17. doi:10.5304/jafscd.2016.062.018.
  • Centre Paysan. 2018. “Accueil.” accessed March 13. https://www.centrepaysan.ca/.
  • Clapp, Jennifer, Annette Aurélie Desmarais, and Matias E Margulis. 2015. “Mapping the State of Play on the Global Food Landscape.” Canadian Food Studies 2 (2): 1–6. doi:10.15353/cfs-rcea.v2i2.103.
  • Cox, Rosie, Lewis Holloway, Laura Venn, Liz Dowler, Jane Ricketts Hein, Moya Kneafsey, and Helen Tuomainen. 2008. “Common Ground? Motivations for Participation in a Community-Supported Agriculture Scheme.” Local Environment 13 (3): 203–218. doi:10.1080/13549830701669153.
  • Diaz, Harry P., and Robert Stirling. 2003. “Degradation of Farm Work in the Canadian Prairies.” In Farm Communities at the Crossroads: Challenge and Resistance, edited by Harry P. Diaz, Joann Jaffe, and Robert Stirling, 31–43. Regina: University of Regina: Canadian Plains Research Centre.
  • Duveskog, Deborah, Esbern Friis-Hansen, and Edward W. Taylor. 2011. “Farmer Field Schools in Rural Kenya: A Transformative Learning Experience.” Journal of Development Studies 47 (10): 1529–1544. doi:10.1080/00220388.2011.561328.
  • Eisenhardt, Kathleen M, and Melissa E Graebner. 2007. “Theory Building From Cases: Opportunities and Challenges.” Academy of Management Journal 50 (1): 25–32. doi: 10.5465/amj.2007.24160888
  • Ekers, Michael, and Charles Z. Levkoe. 2016. “Transformations in Agricultural Non-Waged Work: From Kinship to Intern and Volunteer Labor.” Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development 6 (2): 179–183.
  • Ekers, Michael, Charles Z. Levkoe, Samuel Walker, and Bryan Dale. 2015. “Will Work for Food: Agricultural Interns, Apprentices, Volunteers, and the Agrarian Question.” Agriculture and Human Values 33 (3): 705–720. doi:10.1007/s10460-015-9660-5.
  • Errington, A. 1998. “The Intergenerational Transfer of Managerial Control in the Farm-Family Business: A Comparative Study of England, France and Canada.” The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension 5 (2): 123–136. doi:10.1080/13892249885300241.
  • Everdale. 2017a. “History”.
  • Everdale. 2017b. “Sustainable Farming Certificate Program.” http://everdale.org/files/2017/01/SFC-Program-Description_2017.pdf.
  • Everdale. 2017c. “The Bauta Initiative on Canadian Seed Security”.
  • Everdale. n.d. “Welcome to Everdale”.
  • Fairbairn, Madeleine. 2012. “Framing Transformation: The Counter-Hegemonic Potential of Food Sovereignty in the US Context.” Agriculture and Human Values 29 (2): 217–230. doi:10.1007/s10460-011-9334-x.
  • Fernandez, Margarita, Katherine Goodall, Meryl Olson, and Ernesto Mendez. 2013. “Agroecology and Alternative Agri-Food Movements in the United States: Towards a Sustainable Agri-Food System.” Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 37 (1): 115–126. doi:10.1080/10440046.2012.735633.
  • Francis, C. A., N. Jordan, P. Porter, T. A. Breland, G. Lieblein, L. Salomonsson, N. Sriskandarajah, et al. 2011. “Innovative Education in Agroecology: Experiential Learning for a Sustainable Agriculture.” Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 30 (1–2): 226–237. doi:10.1080/07352689.2011.554497.
  • Gibson-Graham, J. K. 2006. A Postcapitalist Politics. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Gliessman, Stephen R. 2015. “The Many Voices of the Agroecology Movement.” Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 39 (10): 1069–1070. doi:10.1080/21683565.2015.1088494.
  • Goodman, David, E. Melanie DuPuis, and Michael K Goodman. 2012. Alternative Food Networks: Knowledge, Practice, and Politics. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Gottlieb, Robert, and Anapama Joshi. 2010. Food Justice. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
  • Haggerty, Julia, Hugh Campbell, and Carolyn Morris. 2009. “Keeping the Stress off the Sheep? Agricultural Intensification, Neoliberalism, and ‘Good’ Farming in New Zealand.” Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences 40 (5): 767–777. doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2008.12.003.
  • Hammermeister, Andy M., Margaret B. Savard, Joanna L. MacKenzie, and Derek H. Lynch. 2014. “Canada’ S Organic Science Cluster: Science with Impact for Profitability, Sustainability and Competitiveness.” In Proceedings of the 4th ISOFAR Scientific Conference. Vol. 13–15 Oct.
  • Hassanein, Neva. 1997. “Networking Knowledge in the Sustainable Agriculture Movement: Some Implications of the Gender Dimension.” Society & Natural Resources 10 (3): 251–257. doi:10.1080/08941929709381024.
  • Hassanein, Neva. 1999. Changing the Way America Farms: Knowledge and Community in the Sustainable Agriculture Movement. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press.
  • Hecht, Susanna. 1995. “The Evolution of Agroecological Thought.” In Agroecology: The Science of Sustainable Agriculture, edited by Miguel Altieri, 2nd ed, 1–19. Boulder and London: Cambridge University Press.
  • IPES-Food. 2016. “From Uniformity to Diversity: A Paradigm Shift from Industrial Agriculture to Diversified Agroecological Systems.” International Panel of Experts on Sustainable Food Systems. http://www.ipes-food.org/images/Reports/UniformityToDiversity_FullReport.pdf.
  • Kepkiewicz, Lauren. 2017. “Understanding Food Sovereignty in Canada: Settler Colonialism and Indigenous-Settler Alliances.” In Public Policies for Food Sovereignty: Social Movements and the State, edited by Annette Aurélie Desmarais, Priscilla Claeys, and Amy Trauger, 164–180. London: Routledge.
  • Kloppenburg, Jack. 2005. First the Seed: The Political Economy of Plant Biotechnology, 1492-2000. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Knibb, Helen, Pat Learmonth, and Monique Gatt. 2012. “Learning to Become a Farmer: Findings from a FarmON Alliance Survey of New Farmers in Ontario”.
  • Kuyek, Devlin. 2007. Good Crop/Bad Crop: Seed Politics and the Future of Food in Canada. Toronto: Between the Lines.
  • Laforge, Julia M.L., Ayla Fenton, Virginie Lavallée-Picard, and Stéphane M. McLachlan. forthcoming. “New Farmers and a National Food Policy in Canada.” Canadian Food Studies.
  • Laforge, Julia M.L., and Stéphane M. McLachlan. 2018. “Environmentality on the Canadian Prairies: Settler-Farmer Subjectivities and Agri-Environmental Objects.” Antipode 50 (2), doi:10.1111/anti.12362.
  • Le Billon, Philippe, and Melanie Sommerville. 2016. “Landing Capital and Assembling ‘Investable Land’ in the Extractive and Agricultural Sectors.” Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences, doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2016.08.011.
  • Leffers, Donald, and Patricia Ballamingie. 2013. “Governmentality, Environmental Subjectivity, and Urban Intensification.” Local Environment 18 (2): 134–151. doi:10.1080/13549839.2012.719016.
  • Levkoe, Charles Z. 2014. “The Food Movement in Canada: A Social Movement Network Perspective.” The Journal of Peasant Studies 41 (3): 385–403. doi:10.1080/03066150.2014.910766.
  • Levkoe, Charles Z. 2018. “Engaging the Tensions of Ecological Internships: Considerations for Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems Movements.” Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 42 (3): 242–263. doi:10.1080/21683565.2017.1347120.
  • Mailfert, Kate. 2007. “New Farmers and Networks: How Beginning Farmers Build Social Connections in France.” Royal Dutch Gegoraphical Society 98 (1): 21–31. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9663.2007.00373.x.
  • McGuire, Jean, Lois Wright Morton, and Alicia D. Cast. 2013. “Reconstructing the Good Farmer Identity: Shifts in Farmer Identities and Farm Management Practices to Improve Water Quality.” Agriculture and Human Values 30 (1): 57–69. doi:10.1007/s10460-012-9381-y.
  • McGuire, Jean, Lois Wright Morton, J. Gordon Arbuckle, and Alicia D. Cast. 2015. “Farmer Identities and Responses to the Social–Biophysical Environment.” Journal of Rural Studies 39: 145–155. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.03.011.
  • McLachlan, Stéphane M. 2012. “Relative Importance of Agroecological and Other Alternative Agricultural Research in Western Canadian Universities”.
  • Méndez, V Ernesto, Christopher M Bacon, and Roseann Cohen. 2013. “Agroecology as a Transdisciplinary, Participatory, and Action-Oriented Approach.” Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 37 (1): 3–18. doi:10.1080/10440046.2012.736926.
  • Monllor, Neus. 2012. “Farm Entry: A Comparative Analysis of Young Farmers, Their Pathways, Attitudes and Practices in Ontario (Canada) and Catalunya (Spain),” 31.
  • Nerbonne, Julia Frost, and Ralph Lentz. 2003. “Rooted in Grass : Challenging Patterns of Knowledge Exchange as a Means of Fostering Social Change in a Southeast Minnesota Farm Community.” Agriculture and Human Values 20 (1): 65–78. doi: 10.1023/A:1022417608796
  • Ngo, Minh, and Michael Brklacich. 2014. “New Farmers’ Efforts to Create a Sense of Place in Rural Communities: Insights From Southern Ontario, Canada.” Agriculture and Human Values 31 (1): 53–67. doi:10.1007/s10460-013-9447-5.
  • Niewolny, Kim L, and Patrick T Lillard. 2010. “Expanding the Boundaries of Beginning Farmer Training and Program Development : A Review of Contemporary Initiatives to Cultivate a New Generation of American Farmers.” Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development 1 (1): 65–88. doi: 10.5304/jafscd.2010.011.010
  • OACC (Organic Agriculture Centre in Canada). 2018. “Technical Training Opportunities in Organic Agriculture.” accessed March 13. https://www.dal.ca/faculty/agriculture/oacc/en-home/education/technical-training.html.
  • Patel, Rajeev. 2005. “Global Fascism Revolutionary Humanism and the Ethics of Food Sovereignty.” Development 48 (2): 79–83. doi:10.1057/palgrave.development.1100148.
  • Pechlaner, Gabriela, and Gerardo Otero. 2008. “The Third Food Regime: Neoliberal Globalism and Agricultural Biotechnology in North America.” Sociologia Ruralis 48 (4): 351–371. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9523.2008.00469.x.
  • Phillips, Catherine. 2013. Saving More Than Seeds: Practices and Politics of Seed Saving. New York and Oxon: Routledge.
  • Riley, Mark. 2008. “Experts in Their Fields: Farmer - Expert Knowledges and Environmentally Friendly Farming Practices.” Environment and Planning A 40 (6): 1277–1293. doi:10.1068/a39253.
  • Rosset, Peter M., and Miguel A. Altieri. 2017. Agroecology: Science and Politics. Winnipeg, MB: Fernwood Publishing.
  • Rotz, Sarah. 2017. “‘They Took Our Beads, It Was a Fair Trade, Get Over It’: Settler Colonial Logics, Racial Hierarchies and Material Dominance in Canadian Agriculture.” Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences 82: 158–169. doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2017.04.010.
  • Sachs, Carolyn E., Mary E. Barbercheck, Kathryn Brasier, Nancy Ellen Kiernan, and Anna Rachel Terman. 2016. The Rise of Women Farmers and Sustainable Agriculture. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press.
  • Sbicca, Joshua. 2012. “Growing Food Justice by Planting an Anti-Oppression Foundation : Opportunities and Obstacles for a Budding Social Movement.” Agriculture and Human Values 29 (4): 455–466. doi: 10.1007/s10460-012-9363-0
  • Sbicca, Joshua. 2015. “Farming While Confronting the Other: The Production and Maintenance of Boundaries in the Borderlands.” Journal of Rural Studies 39: 1–10. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.03.004.
  • Schneider, Flurina, Patricia Fry, Thomas Ledermann, and Stephan Rist. 2009. “Social Learning Processes in Swiss Soil Protection—The ‘From Farmer - To Farmer’ Project.” Human Ecology 37 (4): 475–489. doi:10.1007/s10745-009-9262-1.
  • Slocum, Rachel. 2007. “Whiteness, Space and Alternative Food Practice.” Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences 38 (3): 520–533. doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2006.10.006.
  • Statistics Canada. 2017. “2016 Census of Agriculture.” http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/ca2016.
  • Stock, Paul V. 2007. “‘Good Farmers’ as Reflexive Producers: An Examination of Family Organic Farmers in the US Midwest.” Sociologia Ruralis 47 (2): 83–102. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9523.2007.00429.x.
  • Stock, Paul V., and Jérémie Forney. 2014. “Farmer Autonomy and the Farming Self.” Journal of Rural Studies 36: 160–171. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2014.07.004.
  • Stock, Paul V., Jérémie Forney, Steven B. Emery, and Hannah Wittman. 2014. “Neoliberal Natures on the Farm: Farmer Autonomy and Cooperation in Comparative Perspective.” Journal of Rural Studies 36: 411–422. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2014.06.001.
  • Sutherland, Lee Ann, and Ika Darnhofer. 2012. “Of Organic Farmers and ‘Good Farmers’: Changing Habitus in Rural England.” Journal of Rural Studies 28 (3): 232–240. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2012.03.003.
  • Trauger, Amy. 2004. “‘Because They Can Do the Work’: Women Farmers in Sustainable Agriculture in Pennsylvania, USA.” Gender, Place & Culture: A Journal of Feminist Geography 11 (2): 289–307. doi:10.1080/0966369042000218491.
  • Triste, Laure, Joke Vandenabeele, Frankwin van Winsen, Lies Debruyne, Ludwig Lauwers, and Fleur Marchand. 2018. “Exploring Participation in a Sustainable Farming Initiative with Self-Determination Theory.” International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 16 (1): 106–123. doi:10.1080/14735903.2018.1424305.
  • Van Dyck, Barbara, Noémie Maughan, Audrey Vankeerberghen, and Marjolein Visser. 2017. “Why We Need Urban Agroecology.” Urban Agroecology Magazine, November. http://www.ruaf.org/sites/default/files/RUAF-UAM33_WEB.pdf.
  • Warner, Keith Douglass. 2008. “Agroecology as Participatory Science: Emerging Alternatives to Technology Transfer Extension Practice.” Science, Technology, & Human Values 33 (6): 754–777. doi: 10.1177/0162243907309851
  • Wezel, A., S. Bellon, T. Doré, C. Francis, D. Vallod, and C. David. 2009. “Agroecology as a Science, a Movement and a Practice. A Review.” Agronomy for Sustainable Agriculture 29: 503–515. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_3 doi: 10.1051/agro/2009004
  • Wilson, Amanda, and Hugo Martorell. 2017. “Supporting New Farmers through Agricultural Policy”.
  • Wynne-Jones, Sophie. 2017. “Understanding Farmer Co-Operation: Exploring Practices of Social Relatedness and Emergent Affects.” Journal of Rural Studies 53: 259–268. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.02.012.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.