Publication Cover
Journal of Sexual Aggression
An international, interdisciplinary forum for research, theory and practice
Volume 20, 2014 - Issue 1
4,365
Views
55
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

Incorporating trauma-informed care into evidence-based sex offender treatment

References

  • Adams, M. J. (2003). Victim issues are key to effective sex offender treatment. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity: The Journal of Treatment and Prevention, 10(1), 79–87. doi:10.1080/10720160309046
  • Ahn, H.-n., & Wampold, B. E. (2001). Where oh where are the specific ingredients? A meta-analysis of component studies in counseling and psychotherapy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48, 251–257. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.48.3.251
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text revision). Washington, DC: Author.
  • Anda, R. F., Butchart, A., Felitti, V. J., & Brown, D. W. (2010). Building a framework for global surveillance of the public health implications of adverse childhood experiences. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 39(1), 93–98. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2010.03.015
  • Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. J., Bremner, J. D., Walker, J. D., Whitfield, C., Perry, B. D. … Giles, W. H. (2006). The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood: A convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 256, 174–186. doi:10.1007/s00406-005-0624-4
  • Andrews, D. A., & Bonta, J. (2007). The psychology of criminal conduct (4th ed.). Cincinnati, OH: Anderson.
  • Andrews, D. A., & Bonta, J. (2010). Rehabilitating criminal justice policy and practice. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 16(1), 39–55. doi:10.1037/a0018362
  • Beck, A. P., & Lewis, C. M. (2000). Introduction. In A. P. Beck & C. M. Lewis (Eds.), The process of group psychotherapy: Systems for analyzing change (pp. 1–19). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Beech, A., & Hamilton-Giachritsis, C. E. (2005). Relationship between therapeutic climate and treatment outcome in group-based sexual offender treatment programs. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research & Treatment, 17, 127–140.
  • Bergin, A. E., & Lambert, M. J. (1978). The evaluation of therapeutic outcomes. In A. E. Bergin & S. L. Garfield (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (pp. 139–189). New York, NY: Wiley.
  • Binder, J. L., & Strupp, H. H. (1997). Negative Process: A recurrently discovered and underestimated facet of therapeutic process and outcome in the individual psychotherapy of adults. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 4(2), 121–139. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2850.1997.tb00105.x
  • Bloom, S. L., & Farragher, B. (2013). Restoring sanctuary: A new operating system for trauma-informed systems of care. OUP USA.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013a). Adverse childhood experience study: Major findings. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ace/findings.htm
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013b). Adverse childhood experiences study: Prevalence of individual adverse childhood experiences. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ace/prevalence.htm
  • Clark, P., & Erooga, M. (1994). Groupwork with men who sexually abuse children. In T. Morrison, M. Erooga & R. C. Beckett (Eds.), Sexual offenders against children: Practice, management and policy. London: Routledge.
  • Courtney, D., & Maschi, T. (2013). Trauma and stress among older adults in prison breaking the cycle of silence. Traumatology, 19(1), 73–81. doi:10.1177/1534765612437378
  • Creeden, K. (2009). How trauma and attachment can impact neurodevelopment: Informing our understanding and treatment of sexual behaviour problems. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 15, 261–273. doi:10.1080/13552600903335844
  • Crowell, N. A., & Burgess, A. W. (1996). Understanding violence against women. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Dong, M., Anda, R. F., Dube, S. R., Giles, W. H., & Felitti, V. J. (2003). The relationship of exposure to childhood sexual abuse to other forms of abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction during childhood. Child Abuse & Neglect, 27, 625–639. doi:10.1016/S0145-2134(03)00105-4
  • Dong, M., Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. J., Dube, S. R., Williamson, D. F., Thompson, T. J. … Giles, W. H. (2004). The interrelatedness of multiple forms of childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction. Child Abuse & Neglect, 28, 771–784. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2004.01.008
  • Duncan, B. L., Miller, S. D., Wampold, B. E., & Hubble, M. A. (2010). The heart and soul of change: Delivering what works in therapy. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
  • Elisha, E., Idisis, Y., & Ronel, N. (2013). Positive criminology and imprisoned sex offenders: Demonstration of a way out from a criminal spin through acceptance relationships. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 19(1), 66–80. doi:10.1080/13552600.2011.638145
  • Elliott, D. E., Bjelajac, P., Fallot, R. D., Markoff, L. S., & Reed, B. G. (2005). Trauma-informed or trauma-denied: Principles and implementation of trauma-informed services for women. Journal of Community Psychology, 33, 461–477. doi:10.1002/jcop.20063
  • Felitti, V. J. (2002). The relation between adverse childhood experiences and adult health: Turning gold into lead. Permanente Journal, 6(1), 44–47.
  • Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V. … Marks, J. S. (1998). Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14, 245–258. doi:10.1016/S0749-3797(98)00017-8
  • Finkelhor, D., & Kendall-Tackett, K. (1997). A developmental perspective on the childhood impact of crime, abuse, and violent victimization. In D. Cicchetti & S. Toth (Eds.), Rochester symposium on developmental psychopathology: developmental perspectives on trauma: Theory, research, and intervention (Vol. 8, pp. 1–32). Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.
  • Furby, L., Weinrott, M. R., & Blackshaw, L. (1989). Sex offender recidivism: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 105(1), 3–30. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.105.1.3
  • Glaser, B. (2010). Sex offender programmes: New technology coping with old ethics. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 16, 261–274. doi:10.1080/13552600.2010.483139
  • Greenberg, L. S., & Pinsof, W. M. E. (1986). The Psychotherapeutic process: A research handbook. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Hanson, R. K., Broom, I., & Stephenson, M. (2004). Evaluating community sex offender treatment programs: A 12-year follow-up of 724 offenders. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 36(2), 87–96. doi:10.1037/h0087220
  • Hanson, R. K., & Harris, A. J. R. (2001). A structured approach to evaluating change among sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research & Treatment, 13(2), 105–122.
  • Hanson, R. K., Gordon, A., Harris, A. J. R., Marques, J. K., Murphy, W., Quinsey, V. L., & Seto, M. C. (2002). First report of the collaborative outcome data project on the effectiveness of treatment for sex offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 14, 169–194.
  • Hanson, R. K., & Morton-Bourgon, K. E. (2005). The characteristics of persistent sexual offenders: A meta-analysis of recidivism studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73, 1154–1163. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.73.6.1154
  • Hanson, R. K., & Slater, S. (1988). Sexual victimization in the history of child sexual abusers: A review. Annals of Sex Research, 1, 485–499.
  • Harlow, C. W. (1999). Prior abuse reported by inmates and probationers. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Justice.
  • Harris, M. E., & Fallot, R. D. (2001). Using trauma theory to design service systems. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • Haugebrook, S., Zgoba, K. M., Maschi, T., Morgen, K., & Brown, D. (2010). Trauma, stress, health, and mental health issues among ethnically diverse older adult prisoners. Journal of Correctional Health Care, 16, 220–229. doi:10.1177/1078345810367482
  • Hechler, D. (1988). The battle and the backlash. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath and Company.
  • Hunter, M. (1990). Abused boys: The neglected victims of sexual abuse. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
  • Jenkins-Hall, K. (1994). Outpatient treatment of child molesters: Motivational factors and outcome. In N. J. Pallone (Ed.), Young victims, young offenders (pp. 139–150). New York, NY: Haworth Press.
  • Jennings, J. L., & Sawyer, S. (2003). Principles and techniques for maximizing the effectiveness of group therapy with sex offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research & Treatment, 15, 251–268.
  • Jespersen, A. F., Lalumière, M. L., & Seto, M. C. (2009). Sexual abuse history among adult sex offenders and non-sex offenders: A meta-analysis. Child Abuse & Neglect, 33, 179–192. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.07.004
  • Kempe, H. (1978). Sexual abuse: Another hidden pediatric problem. Pediatrics, 62, 382–389.
  • Kempe, C. H., Silverman, F. N., Steele, B. F., Droegemueller, W., & Silver, H. (1962). The battered child syndrome. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 181(1), 17–24. doi:10.1001/jama.1962.03050270019004
  • Kivlighan, D. M. Jr., & Tarrant, J. M. (2001). Does group climate mediate the group leadership – group member outcome relationship? A test of Yalom's hypotheses about leadership priorities. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 5, 220–234. doi:10.1037/1089-2699.5.3.220
  • Långström, N., Enebrink, P., Laurén, E.-M., Lindblom, J., Werkö, S., & Hanson, R. K. (2013). Preventing sexual abusers of children from reoffending: Systematic review of medical and psychological interventions. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 347, 347–358.
  • Laws, D. R. (1989). Relapse prevention with sex offenders. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Laws, D. R., Hudson, S. M., & Ward, T. (2000). Remaking relapse prevention with sex offenders: A sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Levenson, J. S. (2012). Community protection from sexual violence: Intended and unintended outcomes of U.S. policies. In D. P. Boer, L. A. Craig, R. Eher, M. H. Miner, & F. Pfafflin (Eds.), International perspectives on the assessment and treatment of sexual offenders: Theory, practice and research. West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Levenson, J. S., & D'Amora, D. A. (2007). Social policies designed to prevent sexual violence: The Emperor's New Clothes? Criminal Justice Policy Review, 18, 168–199. doi:10.1177/0887403406295309
  • Levenson, J. S., & Macgowan, M. J. (2004). Engagement, denial, and treatment progress among sex offenders in group therapy. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 16(1), 49–63.
  • Levenson, J. S., Macgowan, M. J., Morin, J. W., & Cotter, L. P. (2009). Perceptions of sex offenders about treatment: Satisfaction and engagement in group therapy. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research & Treatment, 21(1), 35–56.
  • Levenson, J. S., & Prescott, D. (2007). Considerations in evaluating the effectiveness of sex offender treatment. In D. Prescott (Ed.), Applying knowledge to practice: Challenges in the treatment and supervision of sexual abusers (pp. 124–142). Oklahoma City, OK: Wood and Barnes.
  • Levenson, J. S., Prescott, D. S., & D'Amora, D. A. (2010). Sex offender treatment: Consumer satisfaction and engagement in therapy. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 54, 307–326. doi:10.1177/0306624X08328752
  • Levenson, J. S., Willis, G., & Prescott, D. ( under review). Adverse childhood experiences in the lives of male sex offenders and implications for trauma-informed care.
  • Losel, F., & Schmucker, M. (2005). The effectiveness of treatment for sexual offenders: A comprehensive meta-analysis. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 1(1), 117–146. doi:10.1007/s11292-004-6466-7
  • Macgowan, M. J. (2002). Increasing engagement in groups: A measurement based approach. Manuscript submitted for publication.
  • Marques, J. K., Wiederanders, M., Day, D. M., Nelson, C., & van Ommeren, A. (2005). Effects of a relapse prevention program on sexual recidivism: Final results from California's Sex Offender Treatment and Evaluation Project (SOTEP). Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research & Treatment, 17(1), 79–107.
  • Marshall, W. L. (2005). Therapist style in sexual offender treatment: Influence on indices of change. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research & Treatment, 17(2), 109–116.
  • Marshall, W. L. (2009). Manualization: A blessing or a curse? Journal of Sexual Aggression, 15(2), 109–120. doi:10.1080/13552600902907320
  • Marshall, W. L., Thornton, D., Marshall, L. E., Fernandez, Y., & Mann, R. (2001). Treatment of sexual offenders who are in categorical denial: A pilot project. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research & Treatment, 13, 205–215.
  • Marshall, W. L., Serran, G. A., Moulden, H., Mulloy, R., Fernandez, Y. M., Mann, R. E., & Thornton, D. (2002). Therapist features in sexual offender treatment: Their reliable identification and influence on behavior change. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 9, 395–405.
  • Marshall, W. L., Fernandez, Y. M., Serran, G. A., Mulloy, R., Thornton, D., Mann, R. E., & Anderson, D. (2003). Process variables in the treatment of sexual offenders. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 8, 205–234. doi:10.1016/S1359-1789(01)00065-9
  • Marshall, W. L., Burton, D. L., & Marshall, L. E. (2013). Features of treatment delivery and group processes that maximize the effects of offender programs. In J. L. Wood & T. A. Gannon (Eds.), Crime and Crime Reduction: The Importance of Group Processes (pp. 159–174). New York: Routledge.
  • Maschi, T., Gibson, S., Zgoba, K. M., & Morgen, K. (2011). Trauma and life event stressors among young and older adult prisoners. Journal of Correctional Health Care, 17, 160–172. doi:10.1177/1078345810396682
  • Messina, N., Grella, C., Burdon, W., & Prendergast, M. (2007). Childhood adverse events and current traumatic distress a comparison of men and women drug-dependent prisoners. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 34, 1385–1401. doi:10.1177/0093854807305150
  • Miller, W., & Rollnick, S. (2002). Motivational interviewing: Preparing people for change. New York, NY Guilford.
  • Morin, J. W., & Levenson, J. S. (2008). Exhibitionism: Assessment and treatment. In D. R. Laws & W. O'Donohue (Eds.), Sexual deviance (2nd ed., pp. 76–107). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Prescott, D. (2009). Building motivation for change in sexual offenders. Brandon, VT: Safer Society Press.
  • Prescott, D. S., & Levenson, J. S. (2010). Sex offender treatment is not punishment. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 16, 275–285. doi:10.1080/13552600.2010.483819
  • Prescott, D., & Wilson, R. J. (2012). Paradoxical and double-bind communication in treatment for people who sexually offend. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 18, 233–246. doi:10.1080/13552600.2011.595515
  • Reavis, J., Looman, J., Franco, K., & Rojas, B. (2013). Adverse childhood experiences and adult criminality: How long must we live before we possess our own lives? The Permanente Journal, 17(2), 44–48. doi:10.7812/TPP/12-072
  • Seidman, B. T., Marshall, W. L., Hudson, S. M., & Robertson, P. J. (1994). An examination of intimacy and loneliness in sex offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 9, 518–534. doi:10.1177/088626094009004006
  • Serran, G., Fernandez, Y., Marshall, W. L., & Mann, R. E. (2003). Process issues in treatment: Application to sexual offenders. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 34, 368–374. doi:10.1037/0735-7028.34.4.368
  • Singer, J. (2013). What's new in the treatment of sex offenders. New Jersey Psychologist, 63(1), 33–36.
  • Teyber, E., & McClure, F. (2000). Therapist variables. In C. Snyder, & R. Ingram (Eds.), Handbook of psychological change: Psychotherapy process and practices for the 21st century (pp. 62–87). New York, NY: Wiley.
  • Teyber, E., & McClure, F. (2011). Interpersonal process in therapy: An integrative model (6th ed.). Florence, KY: Brooks Cole.
  • Walji, I., Simpson, J., & Weatherhead, S. (2013). Experiences of engaging in psychotherapeutic interventions for sexual offending behaviours: A meta-synthesis. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 1–23. doi:10.1080/13552600.2013.818723
  • Wampold, B. E. (2001). The great psychotherapy debate: Models, methods, and findings. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • Ward, T. (2010). Punishment or therapy? The ethics of sexual offending treatment. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 16, 286–295. doi:10.1080/13552600.2010.483822
  • Ward, T., & Brown, M. (2004). The good lives model and conceptual issues in offender rehabilitation. Psychology, Crime & Law, 10, 243–257. doi:10.1080/10683160410001662744
  • Ward, T., Yates, P. M., & Willis, G. M. (2012). The Good Lives Model and the Risk Need Responsivity Model A Critical Response to Andrews, Bonta, and Wormith (2011). Criminal Justice and Behavior, 39(1), 94–110. doi:10.1177/0093854811426085
  • Weeks, R., & Widom, C. S. (1998). Self-reports of early childhood victimization among incarcerated adult male felons. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13, 346–361. doi:10.1177/088626098013003003
  • Weiss, M. J. S., & Wagner, S. H. (1998). What explains the negative consequences of adverse childhood experiences on adult health. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14, 356–360. doi:10.1016/S0749-3797(98)00011-7
  • Whitfield, C. L. (1998). Adverse childhood experiences and trauma. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14, 361–364. doi:10.1016/S0749-3797(98)00013-0
  • Willis, G. M., & Ward, T. (2013). The good lives model. In L. A. Craig, L. Dixon, & T. A. Gannon (Eds.), What works in offender rehabilitation: An evidence-based approach to assessment and treatment (pp. 305–317). West Sussex: Wiley Online Library.
  • Willis, G. M., Ward, T., & Levenson, J. S. (2013). good lives model (GLM): An evaluation of GLM operationalization in North American treatment programs. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment.
  • Willis, G. M., Yates, P. M., Gannon, T. A., & Ward, T. (2013). How to integrate the good lives model into treatment programs for sexual offending an introduction and overview. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 25(2), 123–142. doi:10.1177/1079063212452618
  • Winn, M. E. (1996). The strategic and systemic management of denial in the cognitive/behavioral treatment of sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research & Treatment, 8(1), 25–36.
  • Yates, P. M., Prescott, D., & Ward, T. (2010). Applying the good lives and self-regulation models to sex offender treatment: A practical guide for clinicians. Brandon, VT: Safer Society Press.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.