Mercury Use and Exposure among Santeria Practitioners: Religious versus Folk Practice in Northern New Jersey, USA

References

• ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry) ( 1999 ) ‘Minimal risk levels (MRLs) for hazardous substances’ . Available at: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/mrls.html (accessed 6 February 2004) .
   Google Scholar
• Bulmer , M. 1984 . Sociological Research Methods: An Introduction , 2nd edn , New Brunswick, NJ : Transaction Books .
   Google Scholar
• Canizares , R. 1999 . Cuban Santeria: Walking with the Night , Rochester, VT : Destiny Books .
   Google Scholar
• Carpi , A. and Chen , Y. F. 2001 . ‘Gaseous elemental mercury as an indoor air pollutant’ . Environmental Science and Technology , 35 : 4170 – 4173 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cherry , D. , Lowry , L. , Velez , L. , Cotrell , C. and Keyes , D. C. 2002 . ‘Elemental mercury poisoning in a family of seven’ . Family and Community Health , 24 ( 4 ) : 1 – 8 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chicago Department of Public Health . 1997 . Mercury Use in the Hispanic Community of Chicago , Chicago : Office of Hispanic Affairs, City of Chicago Department of Health .
   Google Scholar
• Church of Lukumi Babalu Aye, Inc. v. Hialeah , 508 US 520 ( 1993 ).
   Google Scholar
• EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry) ( 2003 ) Ritualistic Uses of Mercury Task Force Report , OSWER 9285.4-07, EPA/540-R-01-005 .
   Google Scholar
• Focus ( 1998 ) ‘Ritual uses of mercury’ , State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn , 24 February .
   Google Scholar
• Forman , J. , Moline , J. M. , Cernichiari , E. , Sayegh , S. , Torres , J. C. , Landrigan , M. M. , Hudson , J. , Adel , H. N. and Landrigan , P. J. 2000 . ‘A cluster of pediatric metallic mercury exposure cases treated with meso 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA)’ . Environmental Health Perspectives , 108 : 575 – 577 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geffner , M. E. and Sandler , A. 1980 . ‘A folk medicine remedy for gastroenteritis’ . Clinical Pediatrics , 19 ( 6 ) : 435 – 436 .
   Google Scholar
• Goldberg , T. ( 2002 ) ‘Mercury collection programs from schools, dental offices and households’ , Conference Presentation, Breaking the Mercury Cycle , US EPA Office of Research and Development National Risk Management Research Laboratory , Boston, MA , May 2002 .
   Google Scholar
• Gonzalez-Wippler , M. 1992 . The Santeria Experience: Journey into the Miraculous , St. Paul, MN : Llewellyn Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , C. 1999 . ‘Elemental mercury use in religious and ethnic practices in Latin American and Caribbean communities in New York City’ . Population and Environment , 20 : 443 – 453 .
   Google Scholar
• JSI Center for Environmental Health Studies ( 2003 ) Ritual Use of Mercury (Azogue) Assessment and Education Project , Final Project Report, Massachusetts Executive Office of Environmental Affairs. Available at: http://www.jsi.com/Managed/Docs/Publications/EnviroHealth/MercuryAssessment_Report.pdf (accessed 15 August 2004) .
   Google Scholar
• Lefever , H. G. 1996 . ‘When the Saints Go Riding in: Santeria in Cuba and the United States’ . Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion , 35 : 318 – 330 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malecki , J. M. and Hopkins , R. 1995 . ‘Mercury exposure in a residential community—Florida, 1994’ . Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 44 ( 23 ) : 436 – 437, 443 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Michigan DCH (Department of Community Health) and ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry) ( 2002 ) Health Consultation — Mercury Spill Assist in Watervliet , Michigan , 30 January 2002 . Available at: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/watervliet/msa_p1.html (accessed 19 May 2003) .
   Google Scholar
• Mortensen , M. E. , Powell , S. , Sferra , T. J. , Lautzenheiser , R. , Sobeigh , I. , Pompili , M. , Long , T. C. and Clarkson , T. W. 1990 . ‘Elemental mercury poisoning in a household—Ohio, 1989’ . Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 39 ( 25 ) : 424 – 425 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) . 2000 . NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards , Neenah, WI : J. J. Keller and Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Newby , C. A. & Dowling , J. ( 2002 ) ‘Black and Hispanic: the racial identification of Afro-Cuban immigrants in the Southwest’ , American Sociological Association Annual Meeting , Chicago, IL , August 2002 .
   Google Scholar
• Oboler , S. 1995 . Ethnic Labels, Latino Lives: Identity and the Politics of (Re)Presentation in the United States , Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ozuah , P. O. , Lesser , M. S. , Choi , H. and Markowitz , M. 2000 . ‘Prevalence of elevated urinary mercury levels in a pediatric population’ [Abstract] . Pediatric Research , 47 ( 4 ) : 155A
   Google Scholar
• Pasquali , E. A. 1994 . ‘Santeria’ . Journal of Holistic Nursing , 12 ( 4 ) : 380 – 390 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Peyser , A. ( 1991 ) ‘Ritualistic poison’ , New York Post , Thursday, 12 September , p. 5 .
   Google Scholar
• Riley , D. M. , Newby , C. A. , Leal-Almeraz , T. O. and Thomas , V. M. 2001 . ‘Assessing elemental mercury vapor exposure from cultural and religious practices’ . Environmental Health Perspectives , 109 : 779 – 784 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez , C. E. 2000 . Changing Race: Latinos, the Census, and the History of Ethnicity in the United States , New York : New York University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Taueg , C. , Sanfilippo , D. J. , Rowens , B. , Szejda , J. and Hesse , J. L. 1991 . ‘Acute and chronic poisoning from residential exposure to elemental mercury—Michigan, 1989–90’ . Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 40 ( 23 ) : 393 – 395 .
   Google Scholar
• Wendroff , A. 1990 . ‘Domestic mercury pollution’ [Letter] . Nature , 347 : 623
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zayas , L. H. and Ozuah , P. O. 1996 . ‘Mercury use in Espiritismo: a survey of botanicas’ . American Journal of Public Health , 86 : 111 – 112 .
   Google Scholar
• Zeitz , P. , Orr , M. F. and Kaye , W. E. 2002 . ‘Public health consequences of mercury spills: Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance system, 1993–1998’ . Environmental Health Perspectives , 110 ( 2 ) : 129 – 132 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar