Evaluating bicycle lanes and stations safety in Barcelona: a Bayesian network approach to analyse injury severity

References

• Home S. Social science. In: The assault on culture: utopian currents from lettrisme to class war. AK Press, Stirling; 1991. p. 65–68.
   Google Scholar
• Shaheen SA, Guzman S, Zhang H. Bikesharing in Europe, the Americas, and Asia: past, present, and future. Transport Res Rec. 2010;2143(1):159–167. doi:10.3141/2143-20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bührmann S. Bicycles as public-individual transport – European developments. In: MEETBIKE – European Conference on Bicycle Transport and Networking. Dresden, City Hall of Dresden; 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Midgley P. Bicycle-sharing schemes: enhancing sustainable mobility in urban areas. New York: United Nations- Department of Economic and Social Affairs; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• New York City Department of City Planning. Bike-share opportunities in New York city. NYC Dept. City Planning, New York; 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Ricci M. Bike sharing: a review of evidence on impacts and processes of implementation and operation. Res Transport Bus Manag. 2015;15:28–38. doi:10.1016/j.rtbm.2015.03.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muñoz B, Monzon A, Lois D. Cycling habits and other psychological variables affecting commuting by bicycle in Madrid, Spain. Transport Res Rec. 2013;2382(1):1–9. doi:10.3141/2382-01.
   Google Scholar
• Anaya E. Are public bikes systems good for cycling? The view from barcelona. In: Bicycle politics workshop, 16th–17th September 2010. Lancashire (UK): CeMoRe, Lancaster University; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Pérez K, Olabarria M, Rojas-Rueda D, et al. The health and economic benefits of active transport policies in barcelona. J Transp Health. 2017;4:316–324. doi:10.1016/j.jth.2017.01.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Guerre LEVM, Sadiqi S, Leenen LPH, et al. Injuries related to bicycle accidents: an epidemiological study in The Netherlands. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2020;46:413–418. doi:10.1007/s00068-018-1033-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu H-T, Rau C-S, Liang C-C, et al. Bicycle-related hospitalizations at a taiwanese level I trauma center. BMC Public Health. 2015;15(1):722. no doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2075-9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Aiash A, Robusté F. Traffic accident severity analysis in barcelona using a binary probit and CHAID tree. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot. 2021;29(2):256–264. doi:10.1080/17457300.2021.1998136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schepers P, Fishman E, Beelen R, et al. The mortality impact of bicycle paths and lanes related to physical activity, air pollution exposure and road safetyand road safety. J Trans Health. 2015;2(4):460–473. doi:10.1016/j.jth.2015.09.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reynolds CC, Harris MA, Teschke K, et al. Literature, the impact of transportation infrastructure on bicycling injuries and crashes: a review of the. Environ Health. 2009;8:47. doi:10.1186/1476-069X-8-47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaplan J. Characteristics of the regular adult bicycle user [MSc thesis]. University of Maryland, Civil Engineering Department, Maryland; 1975.
   Google Scholar
• Lott DF, Lott DY. Effect of bike lanes on ten classes of bicycle-automobile accidents in Davis, California. J Saf Res. 1976;8(4):171–179.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen SU. Effekter af sykelstier og cykelbaner-før-og-efter evaluering af trafiksikkerhed og trafikmængde ved anlæg af ensrettede sykelstier og cykelbaner i Københavns Kommune. Lyngby: Trafitec - Forskerparken Scion-DTU; 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Elvik R, Høye A, Vaa T, et al. The handbook of road safety measures. Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing; 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Smith R, Walsh T. Safety impacts of bicycle lanes. Transp Res Rec. 1988;1168:49–56.
   Google Scholar
• Aultman-Hall L, Kaltenecker MG. Toronto bicycle commuter safety rates. Accid Anal Prev. 1999;31(6):675–686. doi:10.1016/s0001-4575(99)00028-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanparijs J, Panis LI, Meeusen R, et al. Exposure measurement in bicycle safety analysis: a review of the literature. Accid Anal Prev. 2015;84:9–19. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.08.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Branion-Calles M, Nelson T, Fuller D, et al. Associations between individual characteristics, availability of bicycle infrastructure, and city-wide safety perceptions of bicycling: a cross-sectional survey of bicyclists in 6 Canadian and U.S. cities. Transportation Res A Policy Pract. 2019;123:229–239.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim M, Kim E, Oh J, et al. Critical factors associated with bicycle accidents at 4-legged signalized urban intersections in South Korea. KSCE J Civ Eng. 2012;16(4):627–632. doi:10.1007/s12205-012-1055-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong J, Hirota M, Nomura T, et al. Analysis of crossing collision accident characteristics by accident party. Int J ITS Res. 2021;19(1):214–229. doi:10.1007/s13177-020-00235-0.
   Google Scholar
• Yuan Q, Chen H. Factor comparison of passenger-vehicle to vulnerable road user crashes in Beijing, China. Int J Crashworthiness. 2017;22(3):260–270. doi:10.1080/13588265.2016.1248226.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvajal GA, Sarmiento OL, Medaglia AL, et al. Bicycle safety in Bogotá: a seven-year analysis of bicyclists’ collisions and fatalities. Accid Anal Prev. 2020;144:105596. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2020.105596.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das S, Wei Z, “Jack X, et al. Mining crowdsourced data on bicycle safety critical events. Trans Res Interdiscip Perspect. 2021;10:100360. doi:10.1016/j.trip.2021.100360.
   Google Scholar
• Zhu S. Analysis of the severity of vehicle-bicycle crashes with data mining techniques. J Safety Res. 2021;76:218–227. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2020.11.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosseinpour M, Madsen TKO, Olesen AV, et al. An in-depth analysis of self-reported cycling injuries in single and multiparty bicycle crashes in Denmark. J Safety Res. 2021;77:114–124. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2021.02.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hefny AF, Eid HO, Grivna M, et al. Bicycle-related injuries requiring hospitalization in the United Arab Emirates. Injury. 2012;43(9):1547–1550. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2011.05.016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu S, Li X, Wei F, et al. A retrospective study of spine injuries in electric bicycles related collisions. Injury. 2021;53(3):1081–1086. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2021.09.059.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Otte D. Benefit of in depth data for analysing injury mechanisms of accidents with bicyclists and motorcyclists. Int J Crashworthiness. 1998;3(1):53–64. doi:10.1533/cras.1998.0061.
   Google Scholar
• Otte D, Haasper C. Effectiveness of the helmet for bicyclists on injury reduction in German road accident situations – state of affairs on GIDAS. Int J Crashworthiness. 2010;15(2):211–221. doi:10.1080/13588260903102484.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barcelona’s City Hall [Internet]. Barcelona’s city hall open data service. 2019. Available from: https://opendata-ajuntament.barcelona.cat/en/.
   Google Scholar
• Soltani A, Askari S. Exploring spatial autocorrelation of traffic crashes based on severity. Injury. 2017;48(3):637–647. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2017.01.032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AlKheder S, AlRukaibi F, Aiash A. Risk analysis of traffic accidents’ severities: an application of three data mining models. ISA Trans. 2020;106:213–220. doi:10.1016/j.isatra.2020.06.018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aldred R, García-Herrero S, Anaya E, et al. Cyclist injury severity in Spain: a Bayesian analysis of police road injury data focusing on involved vehicles and route environment. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(1):96. doi:10.3390/ijerph17010096.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kontkanen P, Myllymaki P, Silander T, et al. Bayes optimal instance-based learning. In: Machine learning: ECML-98, Proceedings of the 10th European Conference. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Vol. 1398. 1998. p. 77–88.
   Google Scholar
• Langley P, Iba W, Thompson K. An analysis of bayesian classifiers. In: Proceedings of the Tenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, San Jose. p. 223–228. 1992.
   Google Scholar
• Cerquides J, de Mantaras RL. Tractable Bayesian learning of tree augmented naive bayes classifiers. CSIC, Washington DC; 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Padmanaban H. Comparative analysis of naive bayes and tree augmented naive bayes models. Master’s Projects. 2014;356. doi:10.31979/etd.n7jg-e3uh.
   Google Scholar
• Friedman N, Geiger D, Goldszmidt M. Bayesian network classifiers. Mach Learn. 1997;29(2/3):131–163. doi:10.1023/A:1007465528199.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aiash A, Robusté F. Working hours and traffic accident injuries: case study in barcelona. Transp Res Proc. 2021;58:678–682. doi:10.1016/j.trpro.2021.11.089.
   Google Scholar
• IBM. IBM SPSS modeler 18.0 algorithms guide. IBM Corporation, USA; 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Chow C, Liu C. Approximating discrete probability distributions with dependence trees. IEEE Trans Inform Theory. 1968;14(3):462–467. doi:10.1109/TIT.1968.1054142.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prim RC. Shortest connection networks and some generalizations. Bell System Tech J. 1957;36(6):1389–1401. doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1957.tb01515.x.
   Google Scholar
• Chen P, Shen Q. Identifying high-risk built environments for severe bicycling injuries. J Saf Res. 2019;68:1–7. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2018.11.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nolan J, Sinclair J, Savage J. Are bicycle lanes effective? The relationship between passing distance and road characteristics. Accid Anal Prev. 2021;159:106184. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2021.106184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar