Intra-party dynamics and the success of federal arrangements: Ethiopia in comparative perspective

References

• Arriola, L. R., and R. Lyons. 2016. “The 100% Election.” Journal of Democracy 27 (1): 76–88. doi: 10.1353/jod.2016.0011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayele, Z. A. 2018. “Reforming the Ethiopian Polity: Another False Dawn or a Hopeful Start?” Constitutionnet. Accessed October 19, 2018. http://www.constitutionnet.org/news/reforming-ethiopian-polity-another-false-dawn-or-hopeful-start.
   Google Scholar
• Bakke, K. M. 2015. Decentralization and Intrastate Struggles: Chechnya, Punjab and Quebec. New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bieber, F., and W. T. Goshu. 2019. “Don’t Let Ethiopia Become the Next Yugoslavia.” Foreign Policy. Accessed August 14, 2019. https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/01/15/dont-let-ethiopia-become-the-next-yugoslavia-abiy-ahmed-balkans-milosevic-ethnic-conflict-federalism/.
   Google Scholar
• Brancati, D. 2006. “Decentralization: Fueling the Fire or Dampening the Flames of Ethnic Conflict and Secessionism?” International Organization 60 (3): 651–685. doi: 10.1017/S002081830606019X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bunce, V. 1999. Subversive Institutions: The Design and the Destruction of Socialism and the State. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Burgess, M. 2011. “Success and Failure in Federation: Comparative Perspectives.” In The Federal Idea: Essays in Honour of Ronald L. Watts, edited by Thomas J. Courchene, John Allan, and Christian Leuprecht, 194–204. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cornell, S. E. 2002. “Autonomy as a Source of Conflict: Caucasian Conflicts on Theoretical Perspective.” World Politics 54 (2): 245–276. doi: 10.1353/wp.2002.0002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Detterbeck, K., and E. Hepburn. 2010. “Party Politics in Multi-level Systems: Party Responses to New Challenges in European Democracies.” In New Directions of Federalism Studies, edited by J. Erk and W. Swenden, 106–125. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Dickovick, J. T. 2014. “Federalism in Africa: Origins, Operation and (In)significance.” Regional and Federal Studies 24 (5): 553–570. doi: 10.1080/13597566.2014.971770
   Google Scholar
• Erk, J. 2014. “Federalism and Decentralization in Sub-Saharan Africa: Five Patterns of Evolution.” Regional and Federal Studies 24 (5): 535–552. doi: 10.1080/13597566.2014.971769
   Google Scholar
• Erk, J. 2018. “Comparative Territorial Politics in Sub-Saharan Africa.” In Handbook of Territorial Politics, edited by K. Detterbeck and E. Hepburn, 354–370. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Erk, J., and L. Anderson. 2009. “The Paradox of Federalism: Does Self-rule Accommodate or Exacerbate Ethnic Divisions?” Regional & Federal Studies 19 (2): 191–202. doi: 10.1080/13597560902753388
   Google Scholar
• Fessha, Y. T. 2018. “Secessionism, Federalism and Constitutionalism in Ethiopia.” Verfassungsblog. Accessed October 18, 2018. https://verfassungsblog.de/secessionism-federalism-and-constitutionalism-in-ethiopia/.
   Google Scholar
• Filippov, M., P. Ordeshook, and O. Shvetsova. 2004. Designing Federalism: A Theory of Self-sustainable Federal Institutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Filippov, M., and O. Shvetsova. 2013. “Federalism, Democracy, and Democratization.” In Federal Dynamics: Continuity, Change, and the Varieties of Federalism, edited by A. Benz and J. Broschek, 167–184. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Fiseha, A. 2006. “Theory Versus Practice in the Implementation of Ethiopia’s Ethnic Federalism.” In Ethnic Federalism: The Ethiopian Experience in Comparative Perspective, edited by D. Turton, 131–164. Oxford: James Currey.
   Google Scholar
• Fiseha, A. 2012. “Ethiopia’s Experiment in Accommodating Diversity: 20 Years’ Balance Sheet.” Regional and Federal Studies 22 (4): 435–473. doi: 10.1080/13597566.2012.709502
   Google Scholar
• Fiseha, A. 2018. “Federalism and Development: The Ethiopian Dilemma.” International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 25 (3): 333–368. doi: 10.1163/15718115-02503004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gebregziabher, T. N. 2019. “Ideology and Power in TPLF’s Ethiopia: A Historic Reversal in the Making?” African Affairs 118 (472): 463–484. doi: 10.1093/afraf/adz005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hale, H. 2004. “Divided We Stand: Institutional Sources of Ethnofederal State Survival and Collapse.” World Politics 56 (2): 165–193. doi: 10.1353/wp.2004.0011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ICG (International Crisis Group). 2019. Managing Ethiopia’s Unsettled Transition. Accessed August 8, 2019. https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/horn-africa/ethiopia/269-managing-ethiopias-unsettled-transition.
   Google Scholar
• IDMC (Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre). 2019. Ethiopia: Country Information. Accessed July 29, 2019. http://www.internal-displacement.org/countries/ethiopia.
   Google Scholar
• Jeffrey, J. 2019. “Power Shift Creates New Tensions and Tigrayan Fears in Ethiopia.” The New Humanitarian. Accessed August 14, 2019. https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/analysis/2019/02/14/Ethiopia-ethnic-displacement-power-shift-raises-tensions.
   Google Scholar
• Kefale, A. 2013. Federalism and Ethnic Conflict in Ethiopia: A Comparative Regional Study. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Lefort, R., and K. Tronvoll. 2019. “Ethiopian Elite Lost in Electoral Maze Under Abiy’s Gaze.” OpenDemocracy. Accessed August 14, 2019. https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/ethiopian-elite-lost-in-electoral-maze-under-abiys-gaze/.
   Google Scholar
• McGarry, J., and B. O’Leary. 2005. “Federation as a Method of Ethnic Conflict Regulation.” In From Power Sharing to Democracy: Post-conflict Institutions in Ethnically Divided Societies, edited by N. Sid, 263–296. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mueller, S. 2012. “Federalism and the Concept of Political Territoriality: Towards an Analytical Framework for Comparative Territorial Politics.” L'Europe En Formation 363 (1): 95–120. doi: 10.3917/eufor.363.0095
   Google Scholar
• Obydenkova, A., and W. Swenden. 2013. “Autocracy-sustaining Versus Democratic Federalism: Explaining the Divergent Trajectories of Territorial Politics in Russia and Western Europe.” Territory, Politics, Governance 1 (1): 86–112. doi: 10.1080/21622671.2013.763733
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riker, W. H. 1964. Federalism: Origin, Operation, Significance. Boston, MA: Little, Brown and Company.
   Google Scholar
• Roeder, P. G. 2007. Where Nation-states Come From: Institutional Change in the Age of Nationalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Snyder, J. 2000. From Voting to Violence: Democratization and Nationalist Conflict. New York: Norton.
   Google Scholar
• Thorlakson, L. 2009. “Patterns of Party Integration, Influence and Autonomy in Seven Federations.” Party Politics 15 (2): 157–177. doi: 10.1177/1354068808099979
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaughan, S. 2011. “Revolutionary Democratic State-building: Party, State and People in the EPRDF’s Ethiopia.” Journal of Eastern African Studies 5 (4): 619–640. doi: 10.1080/17531055.2011.642520
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waldner, D. 2001. “Policy History: Regimes.” In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, edited by N. J. Smelser and P. B. Baltes, 11547–11553. Oxford: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Watts, R. L. 1998. “Federalism, Federal Political Systems, and Federations.” Annual Review of Political Science 1 (1): 117–137. doi: 10.1146/annurev.polisci.1.1.117
   Google Scholar