References
- Altbach, P.G., & de Wit, H. (2017). Trump and the coming revolution in higher education internationalisation. International Higher Education, 89, 3–5.
- Baxter, P., & Jack, S. (2008). Qualitative case study methodology: Study design and implementation for novice researchers. The Qualitative Report, 13(4), 544–559.
- British Council. (2015). Türkiyede yüksek öğretim kurumlarındaki İngilizce eğitimi. Ankara: TEPAV.
- De Wit, H., & Hunter, F. (2015). The future of internationalization of higher education in Europe. International Higher Education, 83, 2–3.
- Emil, S. (2018). Can world-class universities really exist in Turkey? In M. Rabossi, K.M. Joshi, & S. Paivandi (Eds.), In pursuit of world-class universities: A global experience (pp. 239–269). New Delhi: Studera Press.
- Enders, J. (2004). Higher education, internationalisation, and the nation-state: Recentdevelopments and challenges to governance theory. Higher Education, 47(3), 361–382.
- Ergin, G., & Türk, F. (2010). Türkiye’de öğrenim gören Orta Asyalı öğrenciler. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, 2(1), 35–41.
- Esping Andersen, G. (1996). Welfare states in transition: National adaptations in global economies. London: Sage.
- Evans, P.B. (2012). Embedded autonomy: States and industrial transformation. NJ: Princeton University Press.
- Foskett, N., & Maringe, F. (2012). The internationalization of higher education: A prospective view. In F. Maringe & N. Foskett (Eds.), Globalization and internationalization in higher education: Theoretical, strategic and management perspectives (pp. 305–318). London: A&C Black.
- Guion Akdağ, E., & Swanson, D.M. (2018). Ethics, power, internationalisation and the postcolonial: A Foucauldian discourse analysis of policy documents in two Scottish universities. European Journal of Higher Education, 8(1), 67–82.
- Haliloğlu, N. (2017). Trauma, historical symbolism and the return of the repressed: The 15 July 2016 coup attempt in Turkey. Asian Affairs, 48(1), 1–16.
- Hazelkorn, E. (2013). Globalisation and competitiveness: Challenges to the purpose, performance and impact of higher education. Dublin: Dublin Institute of Technology.
- Held, D. (1995). Democracy and the global order: From the modern state to cosmopolitan governance. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
- Kalkınma Araştırmaları Merkezi. (2015). Yükseköğretimin uluslararasılaşması çerçevesinde Türk üniversitelerinin uluslararası öğrenciler için çekim merkezi haline getirilmesi. Ankara: Research Project Report. Turkish Ministry of Development.
- KHK. 2016. T.C. Resmi Gazete. 29818, 1 Eylül 2016.
- KHK. 2018. T.C. Resmi Gazete. 30473, 9 Temmuz 2018.
- Knight, J. (2004). Internationalisation remodeled: Definition, approaches, and rationales. Journal of Studies in International Education, 8(1), 5–31.
- Knight, J. (2015). The forefront of international higher education. In A. Maldonado-Maldonado & R. Malee Bassett (Eds.), Is internationalisation of higher education having an identity crisis? (pp. 75–87). Dordrecht: Springer.
- Kondakçı, Y., Çalışkan, Ö., Şahin, B.B., Yılık, M.A., & Demir, C.E. (2016). Regional internationalization in higher education between Turkey and The Balkans. Bilig, 78, 287–306.
- Kristensen, K.H., & Karlsen, J.E. (2018). Strategies for internationalisation at technical universities in the Nordic countries. Tertiary Education and Management, 24(1), 19–33.
- Lanvin, B., Evans, P., & Rodriguez Montemayor, E. (2016). Attracting and mobilising talent globally and locally. In B. Lanvin & P. Evans (Eds.), The global talent competitiveness index (pp. 19–60). Fontainebleau: INSEAD Business School, Adecco Group and Human Capital Leadership Institute.
- Marginson, S., & Rhoades, G. (2002). Beyond national states, markets, and systems of higher education: A glonacal agency heuristic. Higher Education, 43(3), 281–309.
- Mccarthy, A.T. (2017). Non-state actors and education as a humanitarian response: Role of faith-based organisations in education for Syrian refugees in Turkey. Journal of International Humanitarian Action, 2(1), 1–9.
- Mitchell, D.E., & Nielsen, S.Y. (2012). Internationalization and globalization in higher education. In H. Cuadra-Montiel (Ed.), Globalization-education and management agendas (pp. 3–22). New York: InTech.
- Mundial, B. (2000). Higher education in developing countries. Peril and promise. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
- Oğuzlu, T. (2008). Middle easternisation of Turkey’s foreign policy: Does Turkey dissociate from the west? Turkish Studies, 9(1), 3–20.
- Oplatka, I., & Hemsley Brown, J. (2012). Globalization and marketization of higher education: Some insights from the standpoint of institutional theory. In F. Maringe & N. Foskett (Eds.), Globalization and internationalization in higher education: Theoretical, strategic and management perspectives (pp. 65–82). London: A&C Black.
- Özer, M. (2012). Türkiye’de uluslararası öğrenciler. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi, 2(1), 10–13.
- Patton, M. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
- Salmi, J. (2009). The challenge of establishing world class universities. The World Bank. Retrieved from the website: https://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/abs/10.1596/978-0-8213-7865-6 .
- Sporn, B. (1999). Towards more adaptive universities: Trends of institutional reform in Europe. Higher Education in Europe, 24(1), 23–33.
- Stensaker, B., Frølich, N., Gornitzka, Å., & Maassen, P. (2008). Internationalisation of higher education: The gap between national policy-making and institutional needs. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 6(1), 1–11.
- Thelen, E., & Smith, L.B. (1998). Dynamic systems theories. In W. Damon & R.M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Theoretical models of human development (pp. 563–634). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- Times Higher Education Ranking. (2017). World university rankings 2016-2017. Retrieved from the website: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2017/
- Trondal, J., Gornitzka, A., & Gulbrandsen, M. (2003). Conceptual lenses. In A. Gornitzka, M. Gulbrandsen, & J. Trondal (Eds.), Internationalization of research and higher education (pp. 16–35). Oslo, Norway: NIFU.
- Turkish Council of Higher Education. (2017). Yükseköğretim bilgi yönetim sistemi. Retrieved from YOK website: https://istatistik.yok.gov.tr/
- Usul, A.R. (2014). Is there any hope on the revival of EU–Turkey relations in the “new era”? Turkish Studies, 15(2), 283–302.
- Van Damme, D. (2001, September). Introductory paper for the UNESCO expert meeting, Paris. In The need for a new regulatory framework for recognition, quality assurance and accreditation.
- Wende, M.V.D. (2011). Global institutions: The organization for economic co- operation and development. In Handbook on globalization and higher education (pp. 95–113).
- Wende, M.V.D. (2017). Reframing universities’ global engagement for an open society. In R. King, S. Marginson & R. Naidoo (Eds.), Prospects and future tasks of Universities (pp. 259–272). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
- Wu, H., & Zha, Q. (2018). A new typology for analyzing the direction of movement in higher education internationalization. Journal of Studies in International Education, 22(3), 259–277.
- Yin, R.K. (2003). Applications of case study research (2nd ed. ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Zhou, J. (2016). A dynamic systems approach to internationalization of higher education. Journal of International Education and Leadership, 6(1), 1–14.