503
Views
13
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Poverty Persistence and Intra-Household Heterogeneity in Occupations: Evidence from Urban Ethiopia

References

  • Addis Ababa University (AAU) and the University of Gothenburg (UG) (1995) Report on the 1994 Socio-economic Survey of Major Urban Centers in Ethiopia. Unpublished Report.
  • Ahmed, A. U., Hill, R. V., Smith, L. C., Wiesmann, D. M. & Frankenberger, T. (2007) The World's Most Deprived: Characteristics, and Causes of Extreme Poverty and Hunger, 2020. Discussion Paper No. 43 (Washington, DC: Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)), available at: http://www.ifpri.org/publication/worlds-most-deprived.
  • Alem, Y. & Köhlin, G. (2014) The impact of food price inflation on subjective well-being: evidence from urban Ethiopia, Social Indicators Research, 116, pp. 853–868.
  • Alem, Y., Köhlin, G. & Stage, J. (2014) The persistence of subjective poverty in urban Ethiopia, World Development, 56, pp. 51–61.
  • Alem, Y. & Söderbom, M. (2012) Household-level consumption in urban Ethiopia: the effects of a large food price shock, World Development, 40(1), pp. 146–162.
  • Arellano, M. & Bond, S. R. (1991) Some specification tests for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations, Review of Economic Studies, 58, pp. 277–298.
  • Arellano, M. & Bover, O. (1995) Another look at the instrumental variables estimation of error-component models, Journal of Econometrics, 68, pp. 29–51.
  • Bane, M. J. & Ellwood, D. (1986) Slipping into and out of poverty: the dynamics of spells, The Journal of Human Resources, 21(1), pp. 1–23.
  • Barrett, C. B., Carter, M. R. & Little, P. D. (2006) Understanding and reducing persistent poverty in Africa: introduction to a special issue, Journal of Development Studies, 42(2), pp. 167–177.
  • Baulch, B. (2011) Overview: poverty dynamics and persistence in Asia and Africa, in: B.Baulch (Ed.) Why Poverty Persists: Poverty Dynamics in Asia and Africa (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Press), pp. 1–28.
  • Baulch, B. & McCulloch, N. (2003) Being poor and becoming poor: poverty status and poverty transitions in rural Pakistan, Journal of African and Asian Studies, 37(2), pp. 168–185.
  • Baulch, B. & Vu, H. D. (2011) Poverty dynamics in Vietnam, 2002 to 2006, in: B.Baulch (Ed.) Why Poverty Persists: Poverty Dynamics in Asia and Africa (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Press), pp. 1–28.
  • Becketti, S., Gould, W., Lillard, L. & Welch, F. (1988) The panel study of income dynamics after fourteen years: an evaluation, Journal of Labor Economics, 6(4), pp. 472–492.
  • Beegle, K., De Weerdt, J. & Dercon, S. (2008) Adult mortality and consumption growth in the age of HIV/AIDS, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 56(2), pp. 299–326.
  • Biewen, M. (2009) Measuring state dependence in individual poverty histories when there is feedback to employment status and household composition, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 24(7), pp. 1095–1116.
  • Bigsten, A., Kebede, B., Shimeles, A. & Taddesse, M. (2003) Growth and poverty reduction in Ethiopia: evidence from household panel surveys, World Development, 31(1), pp. 87–106.
  • Bigsten, A. & Shimeles, A. (2008) Poverty transition and persistence in Ethiopia, World Development, 36(9), pp. 1559–1584.
  • Blundell, R. & Bond, S. (1998) Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models, Journal of Econometrics, 87, pp. 115–144.
  • Butler, J. S. & Moffitt, R. (1982) A computationally efficient quadrature procedure for the one-factor multinomial probit model, Econometrica, 50(3), pp. 761–764.
  • Cappellari, L. & Jenkins, S. P. (2002) Who stays poor? Who becomes poor? Evidence from the British Household Panel Data, Economic Journal, 112, pp. C60–C67.
  • Davicienti, F. (2001) Poverty persistence in Britain: a multivariate analysis using the BHPS, 1991–1997, Journal of Economics, Supplement, 9, pp. 1–34.
  • Dercon, S. (2004) Growth and shocks: evidence from rural Ethiopia, Journal of Development Economics, 74(2), pp. 306–329.
  • Dercon, S. (2006) Economic reform, growth, and the poor: evidence from rural Ethiopia, Journal of Development Economics, 81(1), pp. 1–24.
  • Dercon, S. (2008) Fate and fear: risk and its consequences in Africa, Journal of African Economies, 17(2), pp. 97–927.
  • Dercon, S., Hoddinott, J. & Woldehanna, T. (2005) Shocks and consumption in 15 Ethiopian villages: 1999–2004, Journal of African Economies, 14(4), pp. 559–585.
  • Dercon, S. & Krishnan, P. (1998) Changes in Poverty in Rural Ethiopia 1989–1995: Measurement, Robustness Tests and Decomposition. CSAE Working Paper Series, 1998-7 (Oxford, UK: University of Oxford), available at: http://www.csae.ox.ac.uk/workingpapers/pdfs/9807text.pdf.
  • Dercon, S. & Porter, C. (2011) A poor life? Chronic poverty and downward mobility in rural Ethiopia, 1994 to 2004, in: B.Baulch (Ed.) Why Poverty Persists: Poverty Dynamics in Asia and Africa (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Press), pp. 65–95.
  • Dercon, S. & Tadesse, M. (1999) A comparison of poverty in rural and urban Ethiopia, Ethiopian Journal of Economics, 8, pp. 83–98.
  • Duncan, G. J., Gustafsson, B., Hauser, R., Schmauss, G., Messinger, H., Muffels, R., Nolan, B. & Ray, J. C. (1993) Poverty dynamics in eight countries, Journal of Population Economics, 6(3), pp. 215–234.
  • Fitzgerald, J., Gottschalk, P. & Moffitt, R. (1998) An analysis of sample attrition in panel data, The Journal of Human Resources, 33(2), pp. 251–299.
  • Gebremedhin, T. A. & Whelan, S. (2005) Prices and Poverty in Urban Ethiopia. Working Paper No. 5, School of Economics and Political Science, University of Sydney, available at: http://ses.library.usyd.edu.au//bitstream/2123/7636/1/ECON%202005-5.pdf.
  • Giles, J. & Murtazashvili, I. (2012) A Control Function Approach to Estimating Dynamic Probit Models with Endogenous Regressors, with an Application to the Study of Poverty Persistence in China. IZA Discussion Paper 668.
  • Giraldo, A., Rettore, E. & Trivellato, U. (2006) The persistence of poverty: true state dependence or unobserved heterogeneity? Some evidence from the Italian Survey on Household Income and Wealth. Paper prepared for the 27th General Conference of the International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, Stockholm, Sweden, August 18–24, 2002.
  • Harrower, S. & Hoddinott, J. (2005) Consumption smoothing in Zone Lacustre, Mali, Journal of African Economies, 14(4), pp. 489–519.
  • Heckman, J. J. (1981) The incidental parameters problem and the problem of initial conditions in estimating a discrete time–discrete data stochastic process, in: C. F.Manski & D. L.McFadden (Eds) Structural Analysis of Discrete Data and Econometric Applications (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), pp. 114–178.
  • Keddir, A. M. & McKay, A. (2005) Chronic poverty in urban Ethiopia: panel data evidence, International Planning Studies, 10(1), pp. 49–67.
  • Litchfield, J. & McGregor, T. (2008) Poverty in Kagera, Tanzania: Characteristics, Causes and Constraints. PRUS Working Paper No. 42, available at: http://www.sussex.ac.uk/Units/PRU/wps/wp42.pdf.
  • May, J., Woolard, I. & Baulch, B. (2011) Poverty traps and structural poverty in South Africa: reassessing the evidence from KwaZulu-Natal, 1993 to 2004, in: B.Baulch (Ed.) Why Poverty Persists: Poverty Dynamics in Asia and Africa (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Press), pp. 187–218.
  • Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (MoFED) (2012) Ethiopia's Progress Towards Eradicating Poverty: An Interim Report on Poverty Analysis Study (2010/11) (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ministry of Finance and Economic Development), available at: http://www.mofed.gov.et/English/Resources/Documents/Interim%20Report%20on%202010-11%20Poverty%20Analysis.pdf.
  • Mundlak, Y. (1978) On the pooling of time-series and cross-sectional data, Econometrica, 46(1), pp. 69–85.
  • OECD (2001) Employment Outlook, Chapter 2 (Paris: OECD)
  • Oxley, H., Dang, T. & Antolin, P. (2000) Poverty dynamics in six OECD countries, OECD Economic Studies, No. 30, 2000/I pp. 7–52.
  • Quisumbing, A. R. (2011) Poverty transitions, shocks and consumption in rural Bangladesh, 1996–97 to 2006–07, in: B.Baulch (Ed.) Why Poverty Persists: Poverty Dynamics in Asia and Africa (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Press), pp. 29–64.
  • Ravallion, M. & Bidani, B. (1994) How robust is a poverty profile?The World Bank Economic Review, 8(1), pp. 75–102.
  • Ravallion, M. (1996) Issues in measuring and modeling poverty, The Economic Journal, 106, pp. 1328–1343.
  • Ravallion, M. (1998) Poverty Lines in Theory and Practice. LSMS Working Paper No. 133, available at: http://econ.worldbank.org/external/default/main?pagePK=64165259&theSitePK=5991650&piPK=64165421&menuPK=64166093&entityID=000094946_99031911030079.
  • Stevens, A. H. (1999) The dynamics of poverty spells: updating bane and Ellwood, Journal of Human Resources, 34(3), pp. 557–588.
  • Tadesse, M. (1999) Determinants and dynamics of poverty in urban Ethiopia, Ethiopian Journal of Economics, 8(1), pp. 61–82.
  • Wooldridge, J. M. (2005) Simple solutions to the initial conditions problem in dynamic, nonlinear panel data models with unobserved heterogeneity, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 20, pp. 39–54.
  • Wooldridge, J. (2010) The Econometrics of Cross-Sectional and Panel Data, 2nd ed. (Cambridge, MA; and London, UK: MIT Press)

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.