The Chinese Belt and Road Initiative: strategic responses of governments and multinational companies

References

• Ansar, A., B. Flyvbjerg, A. Budzier, and D. Lunn. 2016. “Does Infrastructure Investment Lead to Economic Growth or Economic Fragility? Evidence from China.” Oxford Review of Economic Policy 32 (3): 360–390. doi:10.1093/oxrep/grw022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barisitz, S., and A. Radzyner. 2018. The New Silk Road: Implications for Europe. SUERF Policy Note. Vienna, Austria: SUERF, The European Money and Finance Forum.
   Google Scholar
• Brinza, A. 2022. “Putin’s War Has Killed China’s Eurasian Railway Dreams.” Foreign Policy. Accessed 19 May. https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/03/01/belt-road-initiative-new-eurasian-land-bridge-china-russia-poland/
   Google Scholar
• Conley, H. A., J. E. Hillman, D. Ruy, and M. McCalpin. 2020. China’s “Hub-and-Spoke” Strategy in the Balkans. Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS).
   Google Scholar
• De Beule, F., and H. Zhang. 2022. “The Impact of Government Policy on Chinese Investment Locations: An Analysis of the Belt and Road Policy Announcement, Host-Country Agreement, and Sentiment.” Journal of International Business Policy 5 (2): 194–217. https://doi.org/10.1057/s42214-021-00129-2
   Google Scholar
• Dudas, T., and R. Rajnoha. 2020. ”Chinese High-Tech Foreign Direct Investments in the EU – Trends and Policy Responses.” Problems and Perspectives in Management 18 (2): 316–328. Business Perspectives Ltd.: 316. doi:10.21511/ppm.18(2).2020.26.
   Google Scholar
• Dunmore, D., A. Preti, and C. Routaboul. 2019. ”The ‘Belt and Road Initiative’: Impacts on TEN-T and on the European Transport System.” Journal of Shipping and Trade 4 (1): 1–17. Springer. doi:10.1186/s41072-019-0048-3.
   Google Scholar
• Dutta, A. 2020. “Roundtable: Introduction to China’s Digital Silk Road: Economic and Technological Implications.” Asia Policy 15 (1): 2–4.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2019. EU-China – A Strategic Outlook. Strasbourg, France: European Commission and High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy. https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/communication-eu-china-a-strategic-outlook.pdf
   Google Scholar
• European Union Chamber of Commerce in China. 2020. “The Road Less Travelled: European Involvement in China’s Belt and Road Initiative.” China, Beijing: European Union Chamber of Commerce in China Beijing.
   Google Scholar
• Forough, M. 2022. “What Will Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine Mean for China’s Belt and Road?” Accessed 19 May. https://thediplomat.com/2022/03/what-will-russias-invasion-of-ukraine-mean-for-chinas-belt-and-road/
   Google Scholar
• Garcia-Herrero, A., J. Xu, and Bruegel. 2019. “The Next Step of the Belt and Road Initiative: Multilateralisation with Chinese Characteristics | Bruegel.”|“the Next Step of the Belt and Road Initiative: Multilateralisation with Chinese Characteristics | Bruegel.” https://www.bruegel.org/2019/04/the-next-step-of-the-belt-and-road-initiative-multilateralisation-with-chinese-characteristics/
   Google Scholar
• García-Herrero, A., and J. Xu. 2019. “Countries’ Perceptions of China’s Belt and Road Initiative: A Big Data Analysis. Bruegel Working Paper Issue 01, 6 February 2019.”
   Google Scholar
• García-Herrero, A. 2019. Has the Belt and Road Initiative Become a Political Liability for China? Hong Kong, SAR: HKUST Institute for Emerging Market Studies.
   Google Scholar
• Gekara, V. O., and X.-V.-T. Nguyen. 2020. “Challenges of Implementing Container Terminal Operating System: The Case of the Port of Mombasa from the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) Perspective.” Journal of International Logistics and Trade 18 (1): 49–60. doi:10.24006/jilt.2020.18.1.049.
   Google Scholar
• Hallgren, H., and R. Ghiasy. 2017. Security and Economy on the Belt and Road: Three Country Case Studies. Stockholm, Sweden: International Peace Research Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Heiduk, F., and A. Sakaki. 2019. “Introduction to the Special Issue—China’s Belt and Road Initiative: The View from East Asia.” East Asia 36 (2): 93–113. doi:10.1007/s12140-019-09312-y.
   Google Scholar
• Hemmings, J. 2020. ”Reconstructing Order: The Geopolitical Risks in China’s Digital Silk Road.” Asia Policy 27 (1): 5–21. National Bureau of Asian Research. doi:10.1353/asp.2020.0002.
   Google Scholar
• Jacob, J. T. 2017. “China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Perspectives from India.” China & World Economy 25 (5): 78–100. doi:10.1111/cwe.12215.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, L., and S. Hameiri. 2020. Debunking the Myth of ‘Debt-Trap Diplomacy’. London, UK: Chatham House, The Royal Institute of International Affairs.
   Google Scholar
• Karásková, I., A. Bachulska, Á. Szunomár, S. Vladisavljev, U. Aleksandra Bērziņa-Čerenkova, K. Andrijauskas, L. Karindi, A. Leonte, N. Pejić, and F. Šebok. 2020. Empty Shell No More: China’s Growing Footprint in Central and Eastern Europe. Prague, Czech Republic: Association for International Affairs (AMO).
   Google Scholar
• Lakshmanan, T. R. 2011. “The Broader Economic Consequences of Transport Infrastructure Investments.” Journal of Transport Geography 19 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2010.01.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, P.-T.-W., Q. Zhang, K. Suthiwartnarueput, D. Zhang, and Z. Yang. 2020. ”Research Trends in Belt and Road Initiative Studies on Logistics, Supply Chains, and Transportation Sector.” International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications 23 (6): 525–543. doi:10.1080/13675567.2020.1828318.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipton, E., and D. Searcey. 2022. “Chinese Company Removed as Operator of Cobalt Mine in Congo.” The New York Times, 1 March. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/28/world/congo-cobalt-mining-china.html
   Google Scholar
• Nedopil, C. 2022. “Countries of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) – Green Finance & Development Center.” Accessed 20 May. https://greenfdc.org/countries-of-the-belt-and-road-initiative-bri/
   Google Scholar
• Rokicki, B., and M. Stępniak. 2018. “Major Transport Infrastructure Investment and Regional Economic Development – an Accessibility-Based Approach.” Journal of Transport Geography 72 (October): 36–49. doi:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2018.08.010.
   Google Scholar
• Schürenberg-Frosch, H. 2014. ”Improving Africa’s Roads: Modelling Infrastructure Investment and Its Effect on Sectoral Production Behaviour.” Development Policy Review 32 (3): 327–353. doi:10.1111/dpr.12058.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shao, X. 2020. “Chinese OFDI Responses to the B&R Initiative: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment.” China Economic Review 61 (June): 101435. doi:10.1016/j.chieco.2020.101435.
   Google Scholar
• Shibasaki, R., K. Nishimura, S. Tanabe, and H. Kato. 2021. “Belt and Road Initiative: How Does China’s BRI Encourage the Use of International Rail Transport Across the Eurasian Continent?” In Global Logistics Network Modelling and Policy, edited by Edited by R. Shibasaki, H. Kato and C. Ducruet, 321–335. Amsterdam, Netherlands; Oxford, UK; Cambridge, MA: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Song, L., and M. van Geenhuizen. 2014. “Port Infrastructure Investment and Regional Economic Growth in China: Panel Evidence in Port Regions and Provinces.” Transport Policy 36 (November): 173–183. doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2014.08.003.
   Google Scholar
• Sutherland, D., J. Anderson, N. Bailey, and I. Alon. 2020. ”Policy, Institutional Fragility, and Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment: An Empirical Examination of the Belt and Road Initiative.” Journal of International Business Policy 3 (3): 249–272. doi:10.1057/s42214-020-00056-8.
   Google Scholar
• Turcsanyi, R., and E. Kachlikova. 2020. “The BRI and China’s Soft Power in Europe: Why Chinese Narratives (Initially) Won.” Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 49 (1): 58–81.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Y. 2016. ”Offensive for Defensive: The Belt and Road Initiative and China’s New Grand Strategy.” The Pacific Review 29 (3): 455–463. Taylor & Francis. doi:10.1080/09512748.2016.1154690.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C., M. K. Lim, X. Zhang, L. Zhao, and P.-T.-W. Lee. 2020. ”Railway and Road Infrastructure in the Belt and Road Initiative Countries: Estimating the Impact of Transport Infrastructure on Economic Growth.” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 134: 288–307. Elsevier.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, Z., Y. Sun, and P.-T.-W. Lee. 2020. ”Impact of the Development of the China-Europe Railway Express–A Case on the Chongqing International Logistics Center.” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 136: 244–261. Elsevier.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yiu, D. W., W. P. Wan, K. X. Chen, and X. Tian. 2021. Public Sentiment is Everything: Host-Country Public Sentiment Toward Home Country and Acquisition Ownership During Institutional Transition. Journal of International Business Studies. doi: 10.1057/s41267-020-00380-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, H. 2017. ”Motivation Behind China’s ‘One Belt, One Road’Initiatives and Establishment of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.” Journal of Contemporary China26 (105): 353–368. doi:10.1080/10670564.2016.1245894.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, S., X. Qian, and T. Liu. 2019. ”Belt and Road Initiative and Chinese Firms’ Outward Foreign Direct Investment.” Emerging Markets Review, 41: 100629. doi:10.1016/j.ememar.2019.100629.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, J., A. Raza, and H. Sui. 2021. ”Infrastructure Investment and Economic Growth Quality: Empirical Analysis of China’s Regional Development.” Applied Economics 53 (23): 2615–2630. doi:10.1080/00036846.2020.1863325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar