Emotional intelligence and leadership styles: a case study of school heads in Pakistan

References

• Ahmad, M., & Dilshad, M. (2016). Leadership styles of public schools’ heads in Punjab: A teachers’ perspective. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 36(2), 907–916. https://pjss.bzu.edu.pk/index.php/pjss/article/view/476
   Google Scholar
• Amanchukwu, R. N., Stanley, G. J., & Ololube, N. P. (2015). A review of leadership theories, principles and styles and their relevance to educational management. Management, 5(1), 6–14.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, M. H., & Sun, P. Y. (2017). Reviewing leadership styles: Overlaps and the need for a new ‘full‐range’theory. International Journal of Management Reviews, 19(1), 76–96. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12082
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnold, K. A., Connelly, C. E., Walsh, M. M., & Martin Ginis, K. A. (2015). Leadership styles, emotion regulation, and burnout. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 20(4), 481. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0039045
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashforth, B. E., & Humphrey, R. H. (1995). Emotion in the workplace: A reappraisal. Human Relations, 48(2), 97–125. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679504800201
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asrar-Ul-Haq, M., & Kuchinke, K. P. (2016). Impact of leadership styles on employees’ attitude towards their leader and performance: Empirical evidence from Pakistani banks. Future Business Journal, 2(1), 54–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbj.2016.05.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avci, A. (2015). Investigation of transformational and transactional leadership styles of school principals, and evaluation of them in terms of educational administration. Educational Research & Reviews, 10(20), 2758–2767. https://doi.org/10.5897/ERR2015.2483
   Google Scholar
• Aydin, A., Sarier, Y., & Uysal, S. (2013). The effect of school principals’ leadership styles on teachers’ organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 13(2), 806–811.
   Google Scholar
• Ayoko, O. B., Callan, V. J., & Härtel, C. E. (2003). Workplace conflict, bullying, and counterproductive behaviors. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 11(4), 283–301. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb028976
   Google Scholar
• Badri-Harun, A., Zainol, M. R., Amar, A., & Shaari, Z. H. (2016). Emotional intelligence as mediator between leadership styles and leadership effectiveness: A theoretical framework. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(1), 116–121.
   Google Scholar
• Barbuto, J. E., & Burbach, M. E. (2006). The emotional intelligence of transformational leaders: A field study of elected officials. The Journal of Social Psychology, 146(1), 51–64. https://doi.org/10.3200/SOCP.146.1.51-64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bar-On, R. (1997). BarOn emotional quotient inventory (Vol. 40). Multi-Health Systems.
   Google Scholar
• Bass, B. M., Avolio, B. J., Jung, D. I., & Berson, Y. (2003). Predicting unit performance by assessing transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(2), 207. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.2.207
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berkovich, I., & Eyal, O. (2017). The mediating role of principals’ transformational leadership behaviours in promoting teachers’ emotional wellness at work: A study in Israeli primary schools. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 45(2), 316–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143215617947
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boske, C., Osanloo, A., & Newcomb, W. S. (2017). Exploring empathy to promote social justice leadership in schools. Journal of School Leadership, 27(3), 361–391. https://doi.org/10.1177/105268461702700303
   Google Scholar
• Branch, G. F., Hanushek, E. A., & Rivkin, S. G. (2012). Estimating the effect of leaders on public sector productivity: The case of school principals (No. w17803). National Bureau of Economic Research.
   Google Scholar
• Brinia, V., Papantoniou, E. (2016). High school principals as leaders: Styles and sources of power. International Journal of Educational Management, 30(4). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-03-2015-0035
   Google Scholar
• Brinia, V., Zimianiti, L., & Panagiotopoulos, K. (2014). The role of the principal’s emotional intelligence in primary education leadership. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 42(4), 28–44. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143213513183
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bru-Luna, L. M., Martí-Vilar, M., Merino-Soto, C., & Cervera-Santiago, J. L. (2021). Emotional intelligence measures: A systematic review. Healthcare, 9(12), 1696. MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121696
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bush, T., & Glover, D. (2014). School leadership models: What do we know? School Leadership & Management, 34(5), 553–571. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2014.928680
   Google Scholar
• Cansoy, R. (2019). The relationship between school principals’ leadership behaviours and teachers’ job satisfaction: A systematic review. International Education Studies, 12(1), 37–52. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v12n1p37
   Google Scholar
• Carmeli, A. (2003). The relationship between emotional intelligence and work attitudes, behavior and outcomes. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(8), 788–813. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940310511881
   Google Scholar
• Cloutier, O., Felusiak, L., Hill, C., & Pemberton-Jones, E. J. (2015). The importance of developing strategies for employee retention. Journal of Leadership, Accountability and Ethics, 12(2), 119–129.
   Google Scholar
• Cook, J. W. (2014). Sustainable school leadership: The teachers’ perspective. International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 9(1), n1.
   Google Scholar
• Dabke, D. (2016). Impact of leader’s emotional intelligence and transformational behavior on perceived leadership effectiveness: A multiple source view. Business Perspectives and Research, 4(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.1177/2278533715605433
   Google Scholar
• Dartey-Baah, K., & Mekpor, B. (2017). Emotional intelligence: Does leadership style matter? Employees perception in Ghana’s banking sector. International Journal of Business, 22(1), 41–56.
   Google Scholar
• Davies, D. (1991). Schools reaching out. Phi Delta Kappan, 72(5), 376–382.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day, C., Sammons, P., & Gorgen, K. (2020). Successful school leadership. Education Development Trust. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED614324.pdf
   Google Scholar
• De Nobile, J. J., & McCormick, J. (2007). Job satisfaction and occupational stress in Catholic primary schools: Implications for school leadership. Leading & Managing, 13(1), 31–48.
   Google Scholar
• Duan, J., Bao, C., Huang, C., & Brinsfield, C. T. (2018). Authoritarian leadership and employee silence in China. Journal of Management and Organization, 24(1), 62. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2016.61
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dugan, J. P. (2017). Leadership theory: Cultivating critical perspectives. John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Dulewicz, C., Young, M., & Dulewicz, V. (2005). The relevance of emotional intelligence for leadership performance. Journal of General Management, 30(3), 71–86. https://doi.org/10.1177/030630700503000305
   Google Scholar
• Elyashiv, R. A. (2019). School and district leaders talk about teacher attrition. Journal of Curriculum and Teaching, 8(3), 160–170. https://doi.org/10.5430/jct.v8n3p160
   Google Scholar
• Falk, D., Varni, E., Johna, J. F., & Frisoli, P. (2019). Landscape review: Teacher well-being in low resource, crisis, and conflict-affected settings. Education Equity Research Initiative. https://www.edu-links.org/sites/default/files/media/file/TWB%20Landscape%20Review_June%202019.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Gandolfi, F., & Stone, S. (2017). The emergence of leadership styles: A clarified categorization. Revista de Management Comparat International, 18(1), 18.
   Google Scholar
• Gardner, L., & Stough, C. (2002). Examining the relationship between leadership and emotional intelligence in senior level managers. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 23(2), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730210419198
   Google Scholar
• Garza, E., Jr., Drysdale, L., Gurr, D., Jacobson, S., Merchant, B., & Helene Ärlestig, D. (2014). Leadership for school success: Lessons from effective principals. International Journal of Educational Management, 28(7), 798–811. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-08-2013-0125
   Google Scholar
• Gholipour Soleimani, A., & Einolahzadeh, H. (2017). The mediating effect of leader–member exchange in relationship with emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, and turnover intention. Cogent Business & Management, 4(1), 1419795. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2017.1419795
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gimbert, B. G., Miller, D., Herman, E., Breedlove, M., & Molina, C. E. (2023). Social emotional learning in schools: The importance of educator competence. Journal of Research on Leadership Education, 18(1), 3–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/19427751211014920
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glatter, R., Mulford, B., & Shuttleworth, D. (2003). Governance, management and leadership. In OECD (Ed.), Schooling for tomorrow. Networks of innovation (pp. 65–86). OECD.
   Google Scholar
• Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ. Bantam Books.
   Google Scholar
• Goleman, D. (1996). Emotional intelligence. Why it can matter more than IQ. Learning, 24(6), 49–50.
   Google Scholar
• Goleman, D. (1998). Working with emotional intelligence. Bantam.
   Google Scholar
• Goleman, D. (2001). An EI-based theory of performance. The Emotionally Intelligent Workplace: How to Select for, Measure, and Improve Emotional Intelligence in Individuals, Groups, and Organizations, 1(1), 27–44.
   Google Scholar
• Gómez-Leal, R., Holzer, A. A., Bradley, C., Fernández-Berrocal, P., & Patti, J. (2022). The relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership in school leaders: A systematic review. Cambridge Journal of Education, 52(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2021.1927987
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González-Cruz, T. F., Botella-Carrubi, D., & Martínez-Fuentes, C. M. (2019). Supervisor leadership style, employee regulatory focus, and leadership performance: A perspectivism approach. Journal of Business Research, 101, 660–667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.01.065
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green, A. M., & Muñoz, M. A. (2016). Predictors of new teacher satisfaction in urban schools: Effects of personal characteristics, general job facets, and teacher-specific job facets. Journal of School Leadership, 26(1), 92–123. https://doi.org/10.1177/105268461602600104
   Google Scholar
• Gurr, D., Longmuir, F., & Reed, C. (2021). Creating successful and unique schools: Leadership, context and systems thinking perspectives. Journal of Educational Administration, 59(1), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-02-2020-0045
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamidi, F., & Azizi, F. (2012). Relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership styles of principals in high schools. International Journal of Vocational and Technical Education, 4(4), 60–67.
   Google Scholar
• Harms, P. D., & Credé, M. (2010). Emotional intelligence and transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analysis. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 17(1), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051809350894
   Google Scholar
• Hogg, M. A., & Adelman, J. (2013). Uncertainty–identity theory: Extreme groups, radical behavior, and authoritarian leadership. Journal of Social Issues, 69(3), 436–454. https://doi.org/10.1111/josi.12023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes, M. G. (1975). The professional-as-administrator: The case of the secondary school head. In R. S. Peters (Ed.), The role of the head (pp. 50–62). Routledge and Kegan Paul.
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins, G. (2020). Teacher agency: The effects of active and passive responses to curriculum change. The Australian Educational Researcher, 47(1), 167–181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13384-019-00334-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jorfi, H., Jorfi, S., & Moghadam, K. (2010). Impact of emotional intelligence on performance of employees. Postmodern Openings, 4(1), 63–74. https://doi.org/10.5296/jmr.v4i1.936
   Google Scholar
• Kanesan, P., & Fauzan, N. (2019). Models of emotional intelligence: A review. e-BANGI Journal, 16(7), 1–9.
   Google Scholar
• Kerr, R., Garvin, J., Heaton, N., & Boyle, E. (2006). Emotional intelligence and leadership effectiveness. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 27(4), 265–279.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, M. S., Khan, I., Qureshi, Q. A., Ismail, H. M., Rauf, H., Latif, A., & Tahir, M. (2015). The styles of leadership: A critical review. Public Policy and Administration Research, 5(3), 87–92.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, Z. A., Nawaz, A., & Khan, I. (2016). Leadership theories and styles: A literature review. Leadership, 16(1), 1–7.
   Google Scholar
• Kim, H., & Kim, T. (2017). Emotional intelligence and transformational leadership: A review of empirical studies. Human Resource Development Review, 16(4), 377–393. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484317729262
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Z., Gupta, B., Loon, M., & Casimir, G. (2016). Combinative aspects of leadership style and emotional intelligence. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 37(1), 107–125.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maamari, B. E., & Majdalani, J. F. (2017). Emotional intelligence, leadership style and organizational climate. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 25(2), 327–345. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-04-2016-1010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Majeed, N., & Jamshed, S. (2021). Nursing turnover intentions: The role of leader emotional intelligence and team culture. Journal of Nursing Management, 29(2), 229–239. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13144
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayer, J., & Salovey, P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? In P. Salovey & D. J. Sluyter (Eds.), Emotional development and emotional intelligence: Implications for educators (pp. 3–31). Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• McBrayer, J. S., Jackson, T., Pannell, S. S., Sorgen, C. H., De Blume, A. P. G., & Melton, T. D. (2018). Balance of instructional and managerial tasks as it relates to school leaders’ self-efficacy. Journal of School Leadership, 28(5), 596–617. https://doi.org/10.1177/105268461802800502
   Google Scholar
• McColl-Kennedy, J. R., & Anderson, R. D. (2002). Impact of leadership style and emotions on subordinate performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 13(5), 545–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(02)00143-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative case study research. In Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (pp. 39–54).
   Google Scholar
• Miao, C., Humphrey, R. H., & Qian, S. (2018). Emotional intelligence and authentic leadership: A meta-analysis. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 39(5), 679–690. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-02-2018-0066
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mills, J., & Birks, M. (2014). Qualitative methodology: A practical guide. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Mitra, J., & Roy, D. (2021). Functionals aspect of skills development leadership program among the students. In S. Mishra & V. Sharma (Eds.), Essential to turn vision into reality (pp. 46–59). Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Modassir, A., & Singh, T. (2008). Relationship of emotional intelligence with transformational leadership and organizational citizenship.
   Google Scholar
• Mukhtar, N. A., & Fook, C. Y. (2020). The effects of perceived leadership styles and emotional intelligence on attitude toward organizational change among secondary school teachers. Asian Journal of University Education, 16(2), 36–45. https://doi.org/10.24191/ajue.v16i2.10295
   Google Scholar
• Neely-Martinez, M. (1997, November). The smarts that count. HR Magazine, 42(11), 72–77.
   Google Scholar
• Nguyen, T. D., Pham, L. D., Crouch, M., & Springer, M. G. (2020). The correlates of teacher turnover: An updated and expanded meta-analysis of the literature. Educational Research Review, 31, 100355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2020.100355
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Northouse, P. G. (2019). Introduction to leadership: Concepts and practice. Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Paais, M., & Pattiruhu, J. R. (2020). Effect of motivation, leadership, and organizational culture on satisfaction and employee performance. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics & Business, 7(8), 577–588. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no8.577
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker, P. A., & Sorensen, J. (2008). Emotional intelligence and leadership skills among NHS managers: An empirical investigation. International Journal of Clinical Leadership, 16(3).
   Google Scholar
• Parry, K., & Proctor-Thomson, S. (2002). Leadership, culture and performance: The case of the New Zealand public sector. Journal of Change Management, 3(4), 376–399. https://doi.org/10.1080/714023843
   Google Scholar
• Peker, S., İnandı, Y., & Gılıç, F. (2018). The relationship between leadership styles (autocratic and democratic) of school administrators and the mobbing teachers suffer. European Journal of Contemporary Education, 7(1), 150–164. https://doi.org/10.13187/ejced.2018.1.150
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrides, K. V., & Furnham, A. (2001). Trait emotional intelligence: Psychometric investigation with reference to established trait taxonomies. European Journal of Personality, 15(6), 425–448. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.416
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierce, S. (2014). Examining the relationship between collective teacher efficacy and the emotional intelligence of elementary school principals. Journal of School Leadership, 24(2), 311–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/105268461402400204
   Google Scholar
• Prentice, W. C. H. (2004). Understanding leadership. Harvard Business Review, 82(1), 102–109.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Preston, G., Moon, J., Simon, R., Allen, S., & Kossi, E. (2015). The relevance of emotional intelligence in project leadership. Journal of Information Technology and Economic Development, 6(1), 16.
   Google Scholar
• Raelin, J. A. (2011). The end of managerial control? Group & Organization Management, 36(2), 135–160. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601110391252
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman, M. S., Ferdausy, S., & Uddin, M. A. (2012). Exploring the relationships between emotional intelligence, leadership styles, and gender: An empirical study. SIU Journal of Management, 2(2), 27–57.
   Google Scholar
• Rinfret, N., Laplante, J., Lagacé, M. C., Deschamps, C., & Privé, C. (2020). Impacts of leadership styles in health and social services: A case from Quebec exploring relationships between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 13(sup1), 329–339. https://doi.org/10.1080/20479700.2018.1548153
   Google Scholar
• Saeed, T., Almas, S., Anis-Ul-Haq, M., & Niazi, G. S. K. (2014). Leadership styles: Relationship with conflict management styles. International Journal of Conflict Management, 25(3), 214–225. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCMA-12-2012-0091
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saleem, Z., Batool, S., & Khattak, S. R. (2017). Relationship between leadership styles and organizational commitment: Moderating role of emotional intelligence and organizational support. Journal of Managerial Sciences, 11(1), 71–84.
   Google Scholar
• Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185–211. https://doi.org/10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG
   Google Scholar
• San Lam, C., & O’Higgins, E. (2013). Emotional intelligence and leadership styles in China. Asia Pacific Management Review, 18(4), 441–465.
   Google Scholar
• Savel, R. H., & Munro, C. L. (2016). Emotional intelligence: For the leader in us all. American Journal of Critical Care, 25(2), 104–106. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2016969
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuh, S. C., Zhang, X. A., & Tian, P. (2013). For the good or the bad? Interactive effects of transformational leadership with moral and authoritarian leadership behaviors. Journal of Business Ethics, 116(3), 629–640. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1486-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siddiqui, R. S., & Hassan, A. (2013). Impact of emotional intelligence on employees’ turnover rate in FMCG organizations. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 7(2), 394–404.
   Google Scholar
• Siegling, A. B., Nielsen, C., & Petrides, K. V. (2014). Trait emotional intelligence and leadership in a European multinational company. Personality & Individual Differences, 65, 65–68.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, P., & Dali, C. M. (2013). The value of empathy as an instructional leadership competency for school principals. Education as Change, 17(sup1), S65–S78. https://doi.org/10.1080/16823206.2014.865991
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skinner, B. F. (1963). Behaviorism at fifty. Science, 140(3570), 951–958. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.140.3570.951
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon, A., & Steyn, R. (2017). Leadership styles: The role of cultural intelligence. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 43(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v43i0.1436
   Google Scholar
• Sood, I., & Kaushal, S. L. (2018). Emotional intelligence and leadership styles: A study of educational leaders in Himachal Pradesh. Asian Journal of Management, 9(1), 419–426. https://doi.org/10.5958/2321-5763.2018.00064.1
   Google Scholar
• Spano-Szekely, L., Griffin, M. T. Q., Clavelle, J., & Fitzpatrick, J. J. (2016). Emotional intelligence and transformational leadership in nurse managers. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 46(2), 101–108. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spicer, F. V. (2016). School culture, school climate, and the role of the principal.
   Google Scholar
• Srivastava, K. (2013). Emotional intelligence and organizational effectiveness. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 22(2), 97. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-6748.132912
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Staats, A. W. (1975). Social behaviorism.
   Google Scholar
• Striepe, M., Clarke, S., & O’Donoghu, T. (2014). Spirituality, values and the school’s ethos: Factors shaping leadership in a faith-based school. Issues in Educational Research, 24(1), 85.
   Google Scholar
• Sun, H., Wang, X., & Sharma, S. (2014). A study on effective principal leadership factors in China. International Journal of Educational Management, 28(6), 716–727. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-11-2013-0173
   Google Scholar
• Taliadorou, N., & Pashiardis, P. (2015). Examining the role of emotional intelligence and political skill to educational leadership and their effects to teachers’ job satisfaction. Journal of Educational Administration, 53(5), 642–666. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-02-2014-0025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toropova, A., Myrberg, E., & Johansson, S. (2021). Teacher job satisfaction: The importance of school working conditions and teacher characteristics. Educational Review, 73(1), 71–97. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2019.1705247
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Udod, S. A., Hammond-Collins, K., & Jenkins, M. (2020). Dynamics of emotional intelligence and empowerment: The perspectives of middle managers. Sage Open, 10(2), 2158244020919508. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020919508
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velasco, I., Edmonson, S. L., & Slate, J. R. (2012). Principal leadership behaviors and school climate: A conceptual analysis. Journal of Education Research, 6(3), 315–336.
   Google Scholar
• Veliu, L., Manxhari, M., Demiri, V., & Jahaj, L. (2017). The influence of leadership styles on employee’s performance. Journal of Management, 2(31), 59–69.
   Google Scholar
• Wirawan, H., Tamar, M., & Bellani, E. (2019). Principals’ leadership styles: The role of emotional intelligence and achievement motivation. International Journal of Educational Management, 33(5), 1094–1105. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-04-2018-0127
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar