References
- Afifi, T., & Steuber, K. (2009). The revelation risk model (RRM): Factors that predict the revelation of secrets and the strategies used to reveal them. Communication Monographs, 76, 144–176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03637750902828412
- Añez, L. M., Paris, M., Bedregal, L. E., Davidson, L., & Grilo, C. M. (2005). Application of cultural constructs in the care of first generation Latino clients in a community mental health setting. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 11, 221–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00131746-200507000-00002
- Angermeyer, M., & Matschinger, H. (1994). Lay beliefs about schizophrenic disorder: The results of a population survey in Germany. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 89, 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb05864.x
- Anglin, D., Link, B., & Phelan, J. (2006). Racial differences in stigmatizing attitudes toward people with mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 57, 857–862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.2006.57.6.857
- Arean, P., Hegel, M., Vannoy, S., Fan, M. Y., & Unuzter, J. (2008). Effectiveness of problem-solving therapy for older, primary care patients with depression: Results from the IMPACT project. The Gerontologist, 48, 311–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/48.3.311
- Bos, A. E. R., Kanner, D., Muris, P., Janssen, B., & Mayer, B. (2009). Mental illness stigma and disclosure: Consequences of coming out of the closet. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 30, 509–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01612840802601382
- Cabassa, L. J., Hansen, M. C., Palinkas, L. A., & Ell, K. (2008). Azucar y nervios: Explanatory models and treatment experiences of Hispanics with diabetes and depression. Social Science & Medicine, 66, 2413–2424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.01.054
- Cahill, E., Lewis, L. M., Barg, F. K., & Bogner, H. R. (2009). You don’t want to burden them. Journal of Family Nursing, 15, 295–317. https://doi.org/10.1177/1074840709337247
- Camacho, D., Estrada, E., Lagomasino, I. T., Aranda, M. P., & Green, J. (2017). Descriptions of depression and depression treatment in older Hispanic immigrants in a geriatric collaborative care program. Aging & Mental Health, 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2017.1332159
- Cervantes, R. C., & Castro, F. G. (1985). Stress, coping, and Mexican American mental health: A systematic review. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 7, 1–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07399863850071001
- Changrani, J., Lieberman, M., Golant, M., Rios, P., Damman, J., & Gany, F. (2008). Online cancer support groups: Experiences with underserved immigrant Latinas. Primary Psychiatry, 15, 55–62.
- Chapman, D. P., & Perry, G. S. (2008). Depression as a major component of public health for older adults. Preventing Chronic Disease, 5, A22
- Chaudoir, S. R., & Fisher, J. D. (2010). The disclosure processes model: Understanding disclosure decision making and postdisclosure outcomes among people living with a concealable stigmatized identity. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 236–256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0018193
- Chen, F. P., Lai, G., & Yang, L. H. (2013). Mental illness disclosure in Chinese immigrant communities. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 60, 379–391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0032620
- Chronister, J., Chou, C. C., & Liao, H. Y. (2013). The role of stigma coping and social support in mediating the effect of societal stigma on internalized stigma, mental health recovery, and quality of life among people with serious mental illness. Journal of Community Psychology, 41, 582–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcop.21558
- Cohen, S., & Hoberman, H. M. (1983). Positive events and social supports as buffers of life change stress. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 13, 99–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1983.tb02325.x
- Colaizzi, P. F. (1978). Psychological research as the phenomenologist views it. In R. S. Valle & M. King (Eds.), Existential phenomenological alternative for psychology (pp. 48–71). New York: Oxford University Press.
- Collado, A., Long, K. E., MacPherson, L., & Lejuez, C. W. (2014). The efficacy of a behavioral activation intervention among depressed US Latinos with limited English language proficiency: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 15, 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-15-231
- Conner, K. O., Koeske, G., & Brown, C. (2009). Racial differences in attitudes toward professional mental health treatment: The mediating effect of stigma. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 52, 695–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01634370902914372
- Corrigan, P., & Matthews, A. K. (2003). Stigma and disclosure: Implications for coming out of the closet. Journal of Mental Health, 12, 235–248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0963823031000118221
- Corrigan, P. W., Morris, S., Larson, J., Rafacz, J., Wassel, A., Michaels, P., … Rüsch, N. (2010). Self-stigma and coming out about one’s mental illness. Journal of Community Psychology, 38, 259–275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20363
- Corrigan, P., & Penn, D. (1999). Lessons from social psychology on discrediting psychiatric stigma. American Psychologist, 54, 765–776. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.54.9.765
- Corrigan, P., & Rao, D. (2012). On the self-stigma of mental illness: Stages, disclosure, and strategies for change. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 57, 464–469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674371205700804
- Corrigan, P., & Watson, A. (2002). Understanding the impact of stigma on people with mental illness. World Psychiatry, 1, 16–20.
- Corrigan, P., & Watson, A. (2006). The paradox of self-stigma and mental illness. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 9, 35–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.9.1.35
- Corrigan, P. W., & Watson, A. C. (2007). The stigma of psychiatric disorders and the gender, ethnicity, and education of the perceiver. Community Mental Health Journal, 43, 439–458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10597-007-9084-9
- Cozby, P. C. (1973). Self disclosure: A literature review. Psychological Bulletin, 79, 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0033950
- Derlega, V. J., Winstead, B. A., Greene, K., Serovich, J., & Elwood, W. N. (2004). Reasons for HIV disclosure/nondisclosure in close relationships: Testing a model of HIV–disclosure decision making. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23, 747–767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.23.6.747.54804
- Eisenberg, D., Downs, M. F., Golberstein, E., & Zivin, K. (2009). Stigma and help seeking for mental health among college students. Medical Care Research and Review, 66, 522–541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077558709335173
- Foster, T. (2003). Suicide note themes and suicide prevention. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 33, 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/T210-E2V5-A5M0-QLJU
- Fraser, D. (2000). QSR NVivo NUD*IST Vivo Reference Guide. Melbourne: QSR International.
- Fuentes, D., & Aranda, M. P. (2012). Depression interventions among racial and ethnic minority older adults: A systematic review across 20 years. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20, 915–931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JGP.0b013e31825d091a
- Garcia, J. A., & Crocker, J. (2008). Reasons for disclosing depression matter: The consequences of having egosystem and ecosystem goals. Social Science & Medicine, 67, 453–462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.03.016
- Gary, F. A. (2005). Stigma: Barrier to mental health care among ethnic minorities. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 26, 979–999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01612840500280638
- Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. New York, NY: AldineTransaction.
- Goffman, E. (1963). Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
- Greene, K. (2009). An integrated model of health disclosure decision-making. In T. D. Afifi, & W. A. Afifi (Eds.), Uncertainty, information management, and disclosure decisions: Theories and applications (pp. 226–253). New York, NY: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
- Hansen, M. C., Fuentes, D., & Aranda, M. P. (2018). Re-engagement into care: The role of social support on service use for recurrent episodes of mental health distress among primary care patients. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 45, 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11414-016-9545-4
- Hawley, P., & Chamley, J. D. (1986). Older persons’ perceptions of the quality of their human support systems. Ageing and Society, 6, 295–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X00005973
- Horne, G., & Payne, S. (2004). Removing the boundaries: Palliative care for patients with heart failure. Palliative Medicine, 18, 291–296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0269216304pm893oa
- Interian, A., Allen, L. A., Gara, M. A., & Escobar, J. I. (2008). A pilot study of culturally adapted cognitive behavior therapy for Hispanics with major depression. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 15, 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2006.12.002
- Interian, A., Martinez, I. E., Guarnaccia, P. J., Vega, W. A., & Escobar, J. I. (2007). A qualitative analysis of the perception of stigma among Latinos receiving antidepressants. Psychiatric Services, 58, 1591–1594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.2007.58.12.1591
- Jang, Y., Chiriboga, D. A., Herrera, J. R., Tyson, D. M., & Schonfeld, L. (2011). Attitudes toward mental health services in Hispanic older adults: The role of misconceptions and personal beliefs. Community Mental Health Journal, 47, 164–170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10597-009-9274-8
- Jimenez, D. E., Alegría, M., Chen, C., Chan, D., & Laderman, M. (2010). Prevalence of psychiatric illnesses in older ethnic minority adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 58, 256–264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02685.x
- Jimenez, D. E., Bartels, S. J., Cardenas, V., & Alegría, M. (2013). Stigmatizing attitudes toward mental illness among racial/ethnic older adults in primary care. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 28, 1061–1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gps.3928
- Keefe, S. E., Padilla, A. M., & Carlos, M. L. (1979). The Mexican-American extended family as an emotional support system. Human Organization, 38, 144–152. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.38.2.575482483n134553
- Kleim, B., Vauth, R., Adam, G., Stieglitz, R.-D., Hayward, P., & Corrigan, P. (2008). Perceived stigma predicts low self-efficacy and poor coping in schizophrenia. Journal of Mental Health, 17, 482–491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638230701506283
- Kleinman, A., Eisenberg, L., & Good, B. (1978). Culture, illness, and care: Clinical lessons from anthropologic and cross-cultural research. Annals of Internal Medicine, 88, 251–258. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-2-251
- La Roche, M. J., D'angelo, E., Gualdron, L., & Leavell, J. (2006). Culturally sensitive guided imagery for allocentric Latinos: A pilot study. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 43, 555–560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.43.4.555
- Link, B., Mirotznik, J., & Cullen, F. (1991). The effectiveness of stigma coping orientations: Can negative consequences of mental illness labeling be avoided? Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 32, 302–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2136810
- Link, B. G., Struening, E., Neese-Todd, S., Asmussen, S., & Phelan, J. (2001). Stigma as a barrier to recovery: The consequences of stigma for the self-esteem of people with mental illnesses. Psychiatric Services, 52, 1621–1626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.52.12.1621
- Luminet, O., Bouts, P., Delie, F., Manstead, A. S., & Rimé, B. (2000). Social sharing of emotion following exposure to a negatively valenced situation. Cognition & Emotion, 14, 661–688. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699930050117666
- Major, B., & O'Brien, L. T. (2005). The social psychology of stigma. Annual Review of Psychology, 56, 393–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070137
- Marín, G., & Marín, B. V. (1991). Research with Hispanic populations. Newbury Park, CA: SAGE.
- Marín, G., & Triandis, H. C. (1985). Allocentrism as an important characteristic of the behavior of Latin Americans and Hispanics. In R. Diaz-Guerrero (Ed.), Cross-cultural and national studies in social psychology (pp. 85–104). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers.
- Mason, H. R., Marks, G., Simoni, J. M., Ruiz, M. S., & Richardson, J. L. (1995). Culturally sanctioned secrets? Latino men's nondisclosure of HIV infection to family, friends, and lovers. Health Psychology, 14, 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.14.1.6
- Mendez-Luck, C. A., Kennedy, D. P., & Wallace, S. P. (2009). Guardians of health: The dimensions of elder caregiving among women in a Mexico City neighborhood. Social Science & Medicine, 68, 228–234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.10.026
- Moussavi, S., Chatterji, S., Verdes, E., Tandon, A., Patel, V., & Ustun, B. (2007). Depression, chronic diseases, and decrements in health: Results from the World Health Surveys. The Lancet, 370, 851–858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61415-9
- O’Mahen, H. A., Henshaw, E., Jones, J. M., & Flynn, H. A. (2011). Stigma and depression during pregnancy: Does race matter? The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 199, 257–262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e3182125b82
- Padgett, D. K. (2016). Qualitative methods in social work research (3rd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
- Pandya, A., Bresee, C., Duckworth, K., Gay, K., & Fitzpatrick, M. (2011). Perceived impact of the disclosure of a schizophrenia diagnosis. Community Mental Health Journal, 47, 613–621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10597-010-9341-1
- Pincay, I. E., & Guarnaccia, P. J. (2006). “It’s like going through an earthquake”: Anthropological perspectives on depression among Latino immigrants. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 9, 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10903-006-9011-0
- Pyne, J. M., Patterson, T. L., Kaplan, R. M., Gillin, J. C., Koch, W. L., & Grant, I. (1997). Assessment of the quality of life of patients with major depression. Psychiatric Services, 48, 224–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.48.2.224
- Rao, D., Feinglass, J., & Corrigan, P. (2007). Racial and ethnic disparities in mental illness stigma. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 195, 1020–1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e31815c046e
- Rüsch, N., Angermeyer, M. C., & Corrigan, P. W. (2005). Mental illness stigma: Concepts, consequences, and initiatives to reduce stigma. European Psychiatry, 20, 529–539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2005.04.004
- Rusch, N., Brohan, E., Gabbidon, J., Thornicroft, G., & Clement, S. (2014). Stigma and disclosing one's mental illness to family and friends. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 49, 1157–1160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-014-0871-7
- Rüsch, N., Corrigan, P., Wassel, A., Michaels, P., Olschewski, M., Wilkniss, S., & Batia, K. (2009). Ingroup perception and responses to stigma among persons with mental illness. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 120, 320–328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01403.x
- Schomerus, G., Schwahn, C., Holzinger, A., Corrigan, P. W., Grabe, H. J., Carta, M. G., & Angermeyer, M. C. (2012). Evolution of public attitudes about mental illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 125, 440–452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2012.01826.x
- Shattell, M. M., Hamilton, D., Starr, S. S., Jenkins, C. J., & Hinderliter, N. A. (2008). Mental health service needs of a Latino population: A community-based participatory research project. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 29, 351–370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01612840801904316
- Sirey, J. A., Bruce, M. L., Alexopoulos, G. S., Perlick, D. A., Raue, P., Friedman, S. J., & Meyers, B. S. (2001). Perceived stigma as a predictor of treatment discontinuation in young and older outpatients with depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 479–481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.158.3.479
- Snowden, L. R. (2001). Barriers to effective mental health services for African Americans. Mental Health Services Research, 3, 181–187. doi: 10.1023/A:1013172913880
- Stiles, W. B. (1987). I have to talk to somebody. In V. Derlega, & J. Berg (Eds.), Self-disclosure: Theory, research, and therapy (pp. 257–282). New York, NY: Plenum Press.
- Ting, J. Y., & Hwang, W.-C. (2009). Cultural influences on help-seeking attitudes in Asian American students. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 79, 125–132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0015394
- Triandis, H. C., Marin, G., Lisansky, J., & Betancourt, H. (1984). Simpatía as a cultural script of Hispanics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 1363–1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.47.6.1363
- Unützer, J., Patrick, D. L., Diehr, P., Simon, G., Grembowski, D., & Katon, W. (2000). Quality adjusted life years in older adults with depressive symptoms and chronic medical disorders. International Psychogeriatrics, 12, 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1041610200006177
- Valle, M., & Levy, J. (2009). Weighing the consequences. Health Education & Behavior, 36, 155–166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198108316595
- Vázquez-Montilla, E., Reyes-Blanes, M. E., Hyun, E., & Brovelli, E. (2000). Practices for culturally responsive interviews and research with Hispanic families. Multicultural Perspectives, 2, 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15327892MCP0203_02
- Weich, S., Morgan, L., King, M., & Nazareth, I. (2007). Attitudes to depression and its treatment in primary care. Psychological Medicine, 37, 1239–1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291707000931
- Whaley, A. L. (1997). Ethnic and racial differences in perceptions of dangerousness of persons with mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 48, 1328–1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.48.10.1328
- Willms, D. G., Best, A. J., Taylor, D. W., Gilbert, J. R., Wilson, D. M. C., Lindsay, E. A., & Singer, J. (1990). A systematic approach for using qualitative methods in primary prevention research. Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 4, 391–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/maq.1990.4.4.02a00020
- Wohl, A. R., Galvan, F. H., Myers, H. F., Garland, W., George, S., Witt, M., … Lee, M. L. (2011). Do Social support, stress, disclosure and stigma influence retention in HIV care for Latino and African American men who have sex with men and women? AIDS and Behavior, 15, 1098–1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-010-9833-6
- Yow, T. S., & Mehta, K. (2010). Perceived stigma and coping strategies among Asians with schizophrenia: The Singapore case. International Social Work, 53, 379–392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872809359866
- Zea, M. C., Reisen, C. A., Poppen, P. J., Bianchi, F. T., & Echeverry, J. J. (2005). Disclosure of HIV status and psychological well-being among Latino gay and bisexual men. AIDS and Behavior, 9, 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-005-1678-z