References
- Allison, P. D. (2010). Survival analysis. In G. R. Hancock, & R. O. Mueller (Eds.), The reviewer’s guide to quantitative methods in the social sciences (pp. 413–424). New York, NY: Routledge.
- Boehm, J. K., Winning, A., Segerstrom, S., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2015). Variability modifies life satisfaction's association with mortality risk in older adults. Psychological Science, 26, 1063–1070. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797615581491
- Brief, A. P., Butcher, A. H., George, J. M., & Link, K. E. (1993). Integrating bottom-up and top-down theories of subjective well-being: The case of health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 646–653.
- Chang, H. T., Chen, H. C., & Chou, P. (2016). Factors associated with fear of falling among community-dwelling older adults in the Shih-pai study in Taiwan. Plos One, 11, e0150612. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150612
- Cho, M. J., & Kim, K. H. (1998). Use of the center for epidemiologic studies depression (CES-D) scale in Korea. The Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 186, 304–310.
- Choi, K., & Ko, Y. (2015). Characteristics associated with fear of falling and activity restriction in South Korean older adults. Journal of Aging and Health, 27, 1066–1083. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264315573519
- DeVellis, R. F. (2012). Scale development: Theory and applications (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
- Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 542–575. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542
- Hajek, A., Bock, J. O., & König, H. H. (2018). Psychological correlates of fear of falling: Findings from the German Aging Survey. Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 18, 396–406. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.13190
- Hoang, O. T., Jullamate, P., Piphatvanitcha, N., & Rosenberg, E. (2017). Factors related to fear of falling among community-dwelling older adults. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 26, 68–76. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13337
- Hülür, G., Heckhausen, J., Hoppmann, C. A., Infurna, F. J., Wagner, G. G., Ram, N., & Gerstorf, D. (2017). Levels of and changes in life satisfaction predict mortality hazards: Disentangling the role of physical health, perceived control, and social orientation. Psychology and Aging, 32, 507–520. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000187
- Irwin, M., Artin, K. H., & Oxman, M. N. (1999). Screening for depression in the older adult: Criterion validity of the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Archives of Internal Medicine, 159, 1701–1704. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.159.15.1701
- Kendrick, D., Kumar, A., Carpenter, H., Zijlstra, G. A., Skelton, D. A., Cook, J. R., … Delbaere, K. (2014). Exercise for reducing fear of falling in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 28, 1–131. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009848.pub2
- Kim, H. R., Kang, Y. H., & Yeo, J. Y. (2014). Socioeconomic, behavioral, nutritional, and biological determinants of mortality in South Korea. Sejong: The Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs.
- Kim, N. H., Cho, H. J., Kim, S., Seo, J. H., Lee, H. J., Yu, J. H., … Choi, K. M. (2016). Predictive mortality index for community-dwelling older Koreans. Medicine, 95, e2696. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000002696
- Ko, K. D., Cho, Y. T., Cho, S. I., Sung, J. H., Cho, B. L., Son, K. Y., … Choi, H. C. (2012). Association of health risk behaviors with mental health among older Koreans. Journal of the Korean Geriatrics Society, 16, 66–73. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4235/jkgs.2012.16.2.66
- Kohout, F. J., Berkman, L. F., Evans, D. A., & Cornoni-Huntley, J. (1993). Two shorter forms of the CES-D depression symptoms index. Journal of Aging and Health, 5, 179–193.
- Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. (2014). 2014 a national survey on the living status and welfare needs of the aged. Sejong: Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs.
- Korean Labor Institute. (2009). Wave 1 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) basic analysis report. Sejong: Korean Labor Institute.
- Lachmann, B., Sariyska, R., Kannen, C., Błaszkiewicz, K., Trendafilov, B., Andone, I., … Montag, C. (2017). Contributing to overall life satisfaction: Personality traits versus life satisfaction variables revisited-is replication impossible? Behavioral Sciences, 8(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/bs8010001
- Makino, K., Makizako, H., Doi, T., Tsutsumimoto, K., Hotta, R., Nakakubo, S., … Shimada, H. (2017). Fear of falling and gait parameters in older adults with and without fall history. Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 17, 2455–2459. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.13102
- Malini, F. M., Lourenço, R. A., & Lopes, C. S. (2016). Prevalence of fear of falling in older adults, and its associations with clinical, functional and psychosocial factors: The frailty in Brazilian older people-Rio de Janeiro study. Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 16, 336–344. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12477
- Oh, E. M., Hong, G. R. S., Lee, S. H., & Han, S. J. (2017). Fear of falling and its predictors among community-living older adults in Korea. Aging & Mental Health, 21, 369–378. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2015.1099034
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). (2017). OECD better life index. Retrieved from http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/topics/life-satisfaction.
- Parry, S. W., Bamford, C., Deary, V., Finch, T. L., Gray, J., MacDonald, C., … McColl, E. M. (2016). Cognitive-behavioural therapy-based intervention to reduce fear of falling in older people: Therapy development and randomised controlled trial: The Strategies for Increasing Independence, Confidence and Energy (STRIDE) study. Health Technology Assessment, 20, 1–206. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3310/hta20560
- Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385–401. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/014662167700100306
- Reques, L., Giráldez-García, C., Miqueleiz, E., Belza, M. J., & Regidor, E. (2014). Educational differences in mortality and the relative importance of different causes of death: A 7-year follow-up study of Spanish adults. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 68, 1151–1160. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2014-204186
- Shen, C., Schooling, C. M., Chan, W. M., Zhou, J. X., Johnston, J. M., Lee, S. Y., … Lam, T. H. (2014). Self-rated health and mortality in a prospective Chinese older cohort study in Hong Kong. Preventive Medicine, 67, 112–118. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.07.018
- St John, P. D., Mackenzie, C., & Menec, V. (2015). Does life satisfaction predict five-year mortality in community-living older adults? Aging & Mental Health, 19, 363–370. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2014.938602
- Statistics Korea. (2018a). Cause of death statistics. Retrieved from https://meta.narastat.kr/metasvc/index.do?confmNo=101054&inputYear=2017.
- Statistics Korea. (2018b). 2018 Senior citizen statistics. Retrieved from http://kosis.kr/upsHtml/online/downSrvcFile.do?PUBCODE=KO&FILE_NAME=/KO/6501.pdf&SEQ=478.
- Stenholm, S., Koster, A., Valkeinen, H., Patel, K. V., Bandinelli, S., Guralnik, J. M., … Ferrucci, L. (2016). Association of physical activity history with physical function and mortality in old age. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 71, 496–501. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glv111
- Tan, M. P., Kamaruzzaman, S. B., Zakaria, M. I., Chin, A. V., & Hua, P. J. (2016). Ten-year mortality in older patients attending the emergency department after a fall. Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 16(1), 111–117. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12446
- Teng, P. R., Yeh, C. J., Lee, M. C., Lin, H. S., & Lai, T. J. (2013). Depressive symptoms as an independent risk factor for mortality in older persons: Results of a national longitudinal study. Aging & Mental Health, 17, 470–478. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2012.747081
- Tomita, Y., Arima, K., Tsujimoto, R., Kawashiri, S.-Y., Nishimura, T., Mizukami, S., … Aoyagi, K. (2018). Prevalence of fear of falling and associated factors among Japanese community-dwelling older adults. Medicine, 97, e9721. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000009721
- World Health Organization. (2018). Falls. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs344/en/.
- Yeom, J. H. (2015). The effect of falling on the mortality of older Koreans. Korean Journal of Gerontological Social Welfare, 68, 389–408.
- Ytterstad, E., & Brenn, T. (2015). Mortality after the death of a spouse in Norway. Epidemiology, 26, 289–294. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000000266