Impact of mindfulness training on in-the-moment attentional control and emotion dysregulation in older adults: secondary analysis of a pilot, placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial

References

• Allen, M., Dietz, M., Blair, K. S., van Beek, M., Rees, G., Vestergaard-Poulsen, P., Lutz, A., & Roepstorff, A. (2012). Cognitive-affective neural plasticity following active-controlled mindfulness intervention. The Journal of Neuroscience : The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 32(44), 15601–15610. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2957-12.2012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anstey, K. J., & Wood, J. (2011). Chronological age and age-related cognitive deficits are associated with an increase in multiple types of driving errors in late life. Neuropsychology, 25(5), 613–621. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023835
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ball, K., Edwards, J. D., & Ross, L. A. (2007). The impact of speed of processing training on cognitive and everyday functions. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 62 Spec No 1Spec No 1, 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/62.special_issue_1.19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beede, K. E., & Kass, S. (2006). Engrossed in conversation: The impact of cell phones on simulated driving performance. Accident; Analysis and Prevention, 38(2), 415–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2005.10.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braver, T. S. (2012). The variable nature of cognitive control: A dual mechanisms framework. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16(2), 106–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2011.12.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carstensen, L. L., & Mikels, J. A. (2005). At the intersection of emotion and cognition: Aging and the positivity effect. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(3), 117–121. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00348.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiesa, A., Calati, R., & Serretti, A. (2011). Does mindfulness training improve cognitive abilities? A systematic review of neuropsychological findings. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(3), 449–464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2010.11.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crimmins, E. M. (2015). Lifespan and healthspan: Past, present, and promise. The Gerontologist, 55(6), 901–911. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnv130
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairchild, J. K., Friedman, L., Rosen, A. C., & Yesavage, J. A. (2013). Which older adults maintain benefit from cognitive training? Use of signal detection methods to identify long-term treatment gains. International Psychogeriatrics, 25(4), 607–616. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610212002049
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foulk, M. A., Ingersoll-Dayton, B., Kavanagh, J., Robinson, E., & Kales, H. C. (2014). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy with older adults: An exploratory study. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 57(5), 498–520. https://doi.org/10.1080/01634372.2013.869787
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fountain-Zaragoza, S., Puccetti, N. A., Whitmoyer, P., & Prakash, R. S. (2018). Aging and attentional control: Examining the roles of mind-wandering propensity and dispositional mindfulness. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 24(8), 876–888. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617718000553
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallegos, A. M., Hoerger, M., Talbot, N. L., Moynihan, J. A., & Duberstein, P. R. (2013). Emotional benefits of mindfulness-based stress reduction in older adults: The moderating roles of age and depressive symptom severity. Aging & Mental Health, 17(7), 823–829. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2013.799118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glasner-Edwards, S., Mooney, L. J., Ang, A., Garneau, H. C., Hartwell, E., Brecht, M.-L., & Rawson, R. A. (2017). Mindfulness based relapse prevention for stimulant dependent adults: A pilot randomized clinical trial. Mindfulness, 8(1), 126–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-016-0586-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haynos, A. F., Roberto, C. A., & Attia, E. (2015). Examining the associations between emotion regulation difficulties, anxiety, and eating disorder severity among inpatients with anorexia nervosa. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 60, 93–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.03.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jha, A. P., Morrison, A. B., Dainer-Best, J., Parker, S., Rostrup, N., & Stanley, E. A. (2015). Minds "at attention": Mindfulness training curbs attentional lapses in military cohorts. PloS One, 10(2), e0116889 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116889
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jha, A. P., Stanley, E. A., Kiyonaga, A., Wong, L., & Gelfand, L. (2010). Examining the protective effects of mindfulness training on working memory capacity and affective experience. Emotion (Washington, D.C.), 10(1), 54–64. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: The program of the stress reduction clinic at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center.
   Google Scholar
• Knight, M., Seymour, T. L., Gaunt, J. T., Baker, C., Nesmith, K., & Mather, M. (2007). Aging and goal-directed emotional attention: Distraction reverses emotional biases. Emotion (Washington, D.C.), 7(4), 705–714. https://doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.7.4.705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kryla-Lighthall, N., & Mather, M. (2009). The role of cognitive control in older adults’ emotional well-being. In: Bengston, V., Gans, D., Putney, N., and Silverman, M. (Eds.), Handbook of theories of aging (pp. 323–344). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Lenze, E. J., Hickman, S., Hershey, T., Wendleton, L., Ly, K., Dixon, D., Dore, P., & Wetherell, J. L. (2014). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for older adults with worry symptoms and co-occurring cognitive dysfunction. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 29(10), 991–1000. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.4086
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang, Y., Huo, M., Kennison, R., & Zhou, R. (2017). The role of cognitive control in older adult cognitive reappraisal: Detached and positive reappraisal. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 11, 27 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maillet, D., & Schacter, D. L. (2016). From mind wandering to involuntary retrieval: Age-related differences in spontaneous cognitive processes. Neuropsychologia, 80, 142–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.11.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKitrick, L. A., Friedman, L. F., Brooks, J. O., Pearman, A., Kraemer, H. C., & Yesavage, J. A. (1999). Predicting response of older adults to mnemonic training: Who will benefit? International Psychogeriatrics, 11(3), 289–300. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1041610299005852
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McVay, J. C., & Kane, M. J. (2012). Why does working memory capacity predict variation in reading comprehension? On the influence of mind wandering and executive attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 141(2), 302–320. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McVay, J. C., Meier, M. E., Touron, D. R., & Kane, M. J. (2013). Aging ebbs the flow of thought: Adult age differences in mind wandering, executive control, and self-evaluation. Acta Psychologica, 142(1), 136–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2012.11.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menezes, C. B., & Bizarro, L. (2015). Effects of focused meditation on difficulties in emotion regulation and trait anxiety. Psychology & Neuroscience, 8(3), 350–365. https://doi.org/10.1037/pne0000015
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell, J. T., McIntyre, E. M., English, J. S., Dennis, M. F., Beckham, J. C., & Kollins, S. H. (2017). A pilot trial of mindfulness meditation training for ADHD in adulthood: Impact on core symptoms, executive functioning, and emotion dysregulation. Journal of Attention Disorders, 21(13), 1105–1120. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054713513328
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison, A. B., Goolsarran, M., Rogers, S. L., & Jha, A. P. (2014). Taming a wandering attention: Short-form mindfulness training in student cohorts. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 897 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00897
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mrazek, M. D., Franklin, M. S., Phillips, D. T., Baird, B., & Schooler, J. W. (2013). Mindfulness training improves working memory capacity and GRE performance while reducing mind wandering. Psychol Sci, 24(5), 776–781. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797612459659
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mrazek, M. D., Smallwood, J., & Schooler, J. W. (2012). Mindfulness and mind-wandering: Finding convergence through opposing constructs. Emotion (Washington, D.C.), 12(3), 442–448. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026678
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagamatsu, L. S., Chan, A., Davis, J. C., Beattie, B. L., Graf, P., Voss, M. W., Sharma, D., Liu-Ambrose, T., Nagamatsu, L. S., Chan, A., Davis, J. C., Beattie, B. L., Graf, P., Voss, M. W., Sharma, D., & Liu-Ambrose, T. (2013). Physical activity improves verbal and spatial memory in older adults with probable mild cognitive impairment: A 6-month randomized controlled trial, physical activity improves verbal and spatial memory in older adults with probable mild cognitive impairment: A 6-month randomized controlled trial. Journal of Aging Research, 2013, 861893. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/861893
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oken, B. S., Wahbeh, H., Goodrich, E., Klee, D., Memmott, T., Miller, M., & Fu, R. (2017). Meditation in stressed older adults: Improvements in self-rated mental health not paralleled by improvements in cognitive function or physiological measures. Mindfulness, 8(3), 627–638. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-016-0640-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Opitz, P. C., Lee, I. A., Gross, J. J., & Urry, H. L. (2014). Fluid cognitive ability is a resource for successful emotion regulation in older and younger adults. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 609 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00609
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, D. C. (1999). Aging and the controlled and automatic processing of medical information and medical intentions. In Park, D.C., Morrell, R.W., & Shifren, K. (Eds.). Processing of medical information in aging patients: Cognitive and human factors perspectives. Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Prakash, R. S., Fountain-Zaragoza, S., Kramer, A. F., Samimy, S., & Wegman, J. (2020). Mindfulness and attention: Current state-of-affairs and future considerations. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement, 4, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-019-00144-5
   Google Scholar
• Prakash, R. S., Hussain, M. A., & Schirda, B. (2015). The role of emotion regulation and cognitive control in the association between mindfulness disposition and stress. Psychology and Aging, 30(1), 160–171. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038544
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prakash, R. S., Whitmoyer, P., Aldao, A., & Schirda, B. (2017). Mindfulness and emotion regulation in older and young adults. Aging & Mental Health, 21(1), 77–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2015.1100158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raes, A. K., Bruyneel, L., Loeys, T., Moerkerke, B., & De Raedt, R. (2013). Mindful attention and awareness mediate the association between age and negative affect. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 70(2), 179–188. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbt074
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robins, C. J., Keng, S.-L., Ekblad, A. G., & Brantley, J. G. (2012). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on emotional experience and expression: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 68(1), 117–131. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20857
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smallwood, J., & Schooler, J. W. (2015). The science of mind wandering: Empirically navigating the stream of consciousness. Annual Review of Psychology, 66, 487–518. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010814-015331
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Splevins, K., Smith, A., & Simpson, J. (2009). Do improvements in emotional distress correlate with becoming more mindful? A study of older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 13(3), 328–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607860802459807
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Staples, A. M., & Mohlman, J. (2012). Psychometric properties of the GAD-Q-IV and DERS in older, community-dwelling GAD patients and controls. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26(3), 385–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2012.01.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teper, R., Segal, Z. V., & Inzlicht, M. (2013). Inside the mindful mind: How mindfulness enhances emotion regulation through improvements in executive control. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(6), 449–454. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721413495869
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wechsler, D. (2008). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition (WAIS–IV). The Psychological Corporation. https://doi.org/10.1037/t15169-000
   Google Scholar
• Whitlock, L. A., McLaughlin, A. C., & Allaire, J. C. (2012). Individual differences in response to cognitive training: Using a multi-modal, attentionally demanding game-based intervention for older adults. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(4), 1091–1096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.01.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitmoyer, P., Fountain-Zaragoza, S., Andridge, R., Bredemeier, K., Londeree, A., Kaye, L., & Prakash, R. S. (2020). Mindfulness training and attentional control in older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Mindfulness, 11(1), 203–218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-019-01218-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yanko, M. R., & Spalek, T. M. (2014). Driving With the Wandering Mind: The Effect That Mind-Wandering Has on Driving Performance. Human Factors, 56(2), 260–269. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720813495280
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zavagnin, M., Borella, E., & De Beni, R. (2014). When the mind wanders: Age-related differences between young and older adults. Acta Psychologica, 145, 54–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.10.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zwahr, M. D., Park, D. C., & Shifren, K. (1999). Judgments about estrogen replacement therapy: The role of age, cognitive abilities, and beliefs. Psychology and Aging, 14(2), 179–191. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.14.2.179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar