Understanding the social and leisure needs of lonely and socially isolated older adults living in residential care: a qualitative study

References

• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2012). Thematic analysis. In H. Cooper (Ed.), APA handbook of research methods in psychology: Vol. 2. Research designs (pp. 57–71). American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Brownie, S., Horstmanshof, L., & Garbutt, R. (2014). Factors that impact residents’ transition and psychological adjustment to long-term aged care: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51(12), 1654–1666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.04.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chamberlain, S. A., Duggleby, W., Teaster, P. B., & Estabrooks, C. A. (2020). Characteristics of socially isolated residents in long-term care: A retrospective cohort study. Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, 6, 2333721420975321. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333721420975321
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan, P., Bhar, S., Davison, T. E., Doyle, C., Knight, B. G., Koder, D., Laidlaw, K., Pachana, N. A., Wells, Y., & Wuthrich, V. M. (2021). Characteristics and effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for older adults living in residential care: A systematic review. Aging & Mental Health, 25(2), 187–205. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2019.1686457
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen-Mansfield, J., Hazan, H., Lerman, Y., & Shalom, V. (2016). Correlates and predictors of loneliness in older-adults: A review of quantitative results informed by qualitative insights. International Psychogeriatrics, 28(4), 557–576. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610215001532
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forbes, M. K., Crome, E., Sunderland, M., & Wuthrich, V. M. (2017). Perceived needs for mental health care and barriers to treatment across age groups. Aging & Mental Health, 21(10), 1072–1078. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2016.1193121
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerber, K., Brijnath, B., Lock, K., Bryant, C., Hills, D., & Hjorth, L. (2022). ‘Unprepared for the depth of my feelings’-Capturing grief in older people through research poetry. Age and Ageing, 51(3), afac030. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afac030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goll, J. C., Charlesworth, G., Scior, K., & Stott, J. (2015). Barriers to social participation among lonely older adults: The influence of social fears and identity. PloS One, 10(2), e0116664. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116664
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Government of Ontario. (2020). Long-term care staffing study. https://www.ontario.ca/page/long-term-care-staffing-study.
   Google Scholar
• Harper, M., & Cole, P. (2012). Member checking: Can benefits be gained similar to group therapy? The Qualitative Report, 17(2), 510–517.
   Google Scholar
• Ho, K. H. M., Mak, A. K. P., Chung, R. W. M., Leung, D. Y. L., Chiang, V. C. L., Cheung, D. S. K. (2022). Implications of COVID-19 on the loneliness of older adults in residential care homes. Qualitative Health Research, 32(2), 279–290. https://doi.org/10.1177/10497323211050910.
   Google Scholar
• Jayadevappa, R. (2017). Patient-centered outcomes research and patient-centered care for older adults: A perspective. Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, 3, 2333721417700759. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333721417700759
   Google Scholar
• Kallio, H., Pietilä, A. M., Johnson, M., & Kangasniemi, M. (2016). Systematic methodological review: Developing a framework for a qualitative semi-structured interview guide. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(12), 2954–2965. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knecht-Sabres, L. J., Del Rosario, E. P., Erb, A. K., Rozko, M., & Guzman, R. (2020). Are the leisure and social needs of older adults residing in assisted living facilities being met? Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 38(2), 107–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/02703181.2019.1702134
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackenzie, C. S., Heath, P. J., Vogel, D. L., & Chekay, R. (2019). Age differences in public stigma, self-stigma, and attitudes toward seeking help: A moderated mediation model. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 75(12), 2259–2272. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22845
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naik, P., & Ueland, V. I. (2020). How elderly residents in Nursing Homes handle loneliness—from the nurses’ perspective. SAGE Open Nursing, 6, 2377960820980361.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neves, B. B., Sanders, A., & Kokanović, R. (2019). “It’s the worst bloody feeling in the world”: Experiences of loneliness and social isolation among older people living in care homes. Journal of Aging Studies, 49, 74–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2019.100785
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Rourke, H. M., & Sidani, S. (2017). Definition, determinants, and outcomes of social connectedness for older adults: A scoping review. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 43(7), 43–52. https://doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20170223-03
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paque, K., Bastiaens, H., Van Bogaert, P., & Dilles, T. (2018). Living in a nursing home: A phenomenological study exploring residents’ loneliness and other feelings. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 32(4), 1477–1484. https://doi.org/10.1111/scs.12599
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petersen, J., Kaye, J., Jacobs, P. G., Quinones, A., Dodge, H., Arnold, A., & Thielke, S. (2016). Longitudinal relationship between loneliness and social isolation in older adults: Results from the cardiovascular health study. Journal of Aging and Health, 28(5), 775–795. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264315611664
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petersen, N., König, H. H., & Hajek, A. (2020). The link between falls, social isolation and loneliness: A systematic review. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 88, 104020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2020.104020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinquart, M., & Sörensen, S. (2001). Influences on loneliness in older adults: A meta-analysis. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 23(4), 245–266. https://doi.org/10.1207/153248301753225702
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoenmakers, E. C., van Tilburg, T. G., & Fokkema, T. (2012). Coping with loneliness: What do older adults suggest? Aging & Mental Health, 16(3), 353–360. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2011.630373
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scocco, P., Rapattoni, M., & Fantoni, G. (2006). Nursing home institutionalization: A source of eustress or distress for the elderly? International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(3), 281–287. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.1453
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siniscarco, M. T., Love-Williams, C., & Burnett-Wolle, S. (2017). Video conferencing: A intervention for emotional loneliness in long-term care. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 41(4), 316–329. https://doi.org/10.1080/01924788.2017.1326763
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simard, J., & Volicer, L. (2020). Loneliness and isolation in long-term care and the COVID-19 pandemic. American Medical Directors Association, 21(7), 966–967. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.05.006.
   Google Scholar
• Statistics Canada. (2011). Living arrangements of seniors. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-312-x/98-312-x2011003_4-eng.cfm
   Google Scholar
• Statistics Canada. (2022). A portrait of Canada’s growing population aged 85 and older from the 2021 Census. https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/as-sa/98-200-X/2021004/98-200-x2021004-eng.cfm
   Google Scholar
• Theurer, K., Mortenson, W. B., Stone, R., Suto, M., Timonen, V., & Rozanova, J. (2015). The need for a social revolution in residential care. Journal of Aging Studies, 35, 201–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2015.08.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Humbeeck, L., Dillen, L., Piers, R., & Van Den Noortgate, N. (2016). Grief and loss in older people residing in nursing homes: (Un)detected by nurses and care-assistants? Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(12), 3125–3136. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13063
   Google Scholar
• Victor, C., Scambler, S., Bond, J., & Bowling, A. (2000). Being alone in later life: Loneliness, social isolation and living alone. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology, 10(4), 407–417. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0959259800104101
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, C. B., Davies, S. U. E., & Nolan, M. (2009). Developing personal relationships in care homes: Realising the contributions of staff, residents and family members. Ageing and Society, 29(7), 1041–1063. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X0900840X
   Google Scholar
• Wu, B. (2020). Social isolation and loneliness among older adults in the context of COVID-19: A global challenge. Global Health Research and Policy, 5, 27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-020-00154-3
   Google Scholar