309
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Mentorship experiences during registrar training: reflections of Black African specialists in the Western Cape

, & ORCID Icon
Pages 791-807 | Received 23 May 2016, Accepted 07 Jan 2017, Published online: 05 Mar 2017

References

  • Abu-Zaid, A., and B. Altinawi. 2014. “Perceived Barriers to Physician–Scientist Careers among Female Undergraduate Medical Students at the College of Medicine – Alfaisal University: A Saudi Arabian Perspective.” Medical Teacher 36 (Suppl 1): S3–S7. doi:10.3109/0142159X.2014.886006.
  • Alpert, J. S. 2009. “The Importance of Mentoring and of Being Mentored.” American Journal of Medicine 122: 1070.
  • American Psychological Association. 2012. Ethnic and Racial Disparities in Education: Psychology’s Contributions to Understanding and Reducing Disparities. Presidential Task Force on Educational Disparities. http://www.apa.org/ed/resources/racial-disparities.aspx.
  • Bickel, J., and S. L. Rosenthal. 2011. “Difficult Issues in Mentoring: Recommendations on Making the ‘Undiscussable’ Discussable.” Academic Medicine 86 (10): 1229–1234.
  • Binkley, P. F., and H. C. Brod. 2013. “Mentorship in an Academic Medical Center.” The American Journal of Medicine 126 (11): 1022–1025. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.07.016.
  • Blackwell, D. M. 2010. “Sidelines and Separate Spaces: Making Education Anti-racist for Students of Color.” Race, Ethnicity & Education 13 (4): 473–494. doi:10.1080/13613324.2010.492135.
  • Braun, V., and V. Clarke. 2006. “Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology.” Qualitative Research in Psychology 3: 77–101.10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Breier, M., and A. Wildschut. 2006. Doctors in a Divided Society: The Profession and Education of Medical Practitioners in South Africa. HSRC Research Monograph. Cape Town: HSRC Press.
  • Breier, M., and A. Wildschut. 2008. “Changing Gender Profile of Medical Schools in South Africa.” South African Medical Journal 98: 557–560.
  • Buddeberg-Fischer, B., and K. D. Herta. 2006. “Formal Mentoring Programmes for Medical Students and Doctors – A Review of the Medline Literature.” Medical Teacher 28: 248–257.10.1080/01421590500313043
  • Burgess, A., K. Goulston, and K. Oates. 2015. “Role Modelling of Clinical Tutors: A Focus Group Study among Medical Students.” BMC Medical Education 15 (1): 13–15. doi:10.1186/s12909-015-0303-8.
  • Busari, J. O., N. M. Weggelaar, A. C. Knottnerus, P. Greidanus, and A. J. J. A. Scherpbier. 2005. “Undergraduate Clinical Practice. How Medical Residents Perceive the Quality of Supervision Provided by Attending Doctors in the Clinical Setting.” Medical Education 39 (7): 696–703. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02190.x.
  • Bush, M. E. L. 2011. Everyday Forms of Whiteness: Understanding Race in a “Post-racial” World. New York: Rowman and Littlefield.
  • Canham, H. 2014. “Outsiders within: Non-conformity among Four Contemporary Black Female Managers in South Africa.” Gender in Management: An International Journal 29 (3): 148–170. doi:10.1108/GM-05-2013-0057.
  • Clutterburg, D. 2001. Everyone Needs a Mentor: Fostering Talents at Work. London: CIPD Press.
  • Coates, W. C. 2012. “Being a Mentor: What’s in It for Me?” Academic Emergency Medicine 19 (1): 92–97. doi:10.1111/j.1553-2712.2011.01258.x.
  • Cochran, A., W. B. Elder, M. Crandall, K. Brasel, T. Hauschild, and L. Neumayer. 2013. “Barriers to Advancement in Academic Surgery: Views of Senior Residents and Early Career Faculty.” The American Journal of Surgery 206 (5): 661–666. doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2013.07.003.
  • Coleman, V. H., M. L. Power, S. Williams, A. Carpentieri, and J. Schulkin. 2005. “Continuing Professional Development: Racial and Gender Differences in Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents’ Perceptions of Mentoring.” Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions 25 (4): 268–277.10.1002/chp.40
  • Dennery, P. A. 2006. “Training and Retaining of Underrepresented Minority Physician Scientists – An African-American Perspective: NICHD AAP Workshop on Research in Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine.” Journal of Perinatology 26 (Suppl 2): S46–S48. doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7211525.
  • Dickins, K., D. Levinson, S. G. Smith, and H. J. Humphrey. 2013. “The Minority Student Voice at One Medical School: Lessons for All?” Academic Medicine 88 (1): 737–739. doi:10.1097/ACM.0b013e318276951.
  • Durrheim, K., X. Mtose, and L. Brown. 2011. Race Trouble: Race, Identity and Inequality in Post-Apartheid South Africa. Scottsville, KY: University of KwaZulu-Natal Press.
  • Foucault, M. 1972. The Archaeology of Knowledge and the Discourse on Language. New York: Pantheon Books.
  • Fridner, A., A. Norell, G. Åkesson, M. Gustafsson Sendén, L. Tevik Løvseth, and K. Schenck-Gustafsson. 2015. “Possible Reasons Why Female Physicians Publish Fewer Scientific Articles than Male Physicians – A Cross-sectional Study.” BMC Medical Education 15 (67). doi:10.1186/s12909-015-0347-9
  • Gabel, S. T. 2013. “Demoralization in Health Professional Practice: Development, Amelioration, and Implications for Continuing Education.” Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions 33 (2): 118–126.10.1002/chp.21175
  • Gillborn, D. 1995. Racism and Antiracism in Real Schools. Buckingham: Open University Press.
  • Gubrium, J., and J. Holstein. 1997. The New Language of Qualitative Method. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Holliday, E. B., R. Jagsi, C. R. Thomas, L. D. Wilson, and C. D. Fuller. 2014. “Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: Results from the Radiation Oncology Academic Development and Mentorship Assessment Project (ROADMAP).” International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 88 (1): 18–24. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.09.035.
  • Jackson, V. A., A. Palepu, L. Szalacha, C. Caswell, P. L. Carr, and T. Inui. 2003. “‘Having the Right Chemistry’.” Academic Medicine 78 (3): 328–334. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12634219.10.1097/00001888-200303000-00020
  • Jain, S. H., R. Goyal, S. Fox, and W. H. Shrank. 2012. “Bowling Alone, Healing Together: The Role of Social Capital in Delivery Reform.” American Journal of Managed Care 18 (6): e209–e211. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22775071.
  • Kalén, S., S. Ponzer, A. Seeberger, A. Kiessling, and C. Silén. 2015. “Longitudinal Mentorship to Support the Development of Medical Students’ Future Professional Role: A Qualitative Study.” BMC Medical Education 15 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1186/s12909-015-0383-5.
  • Kaplan, S. H., L. M. Sullivan, K. A. Dukes, C. F. Phillips, R. P. Kelch, and J. G. Schaller. 1996. “Sex Differences in Academic Advancement: Results of a National Study of Pediatricians.” New England Journal of Medicine 335: 1282–1290.10.1056/NEJM199610243351706
  • Khan, T., L. S. Thomas, and S. Naidoo. 2013. “Education in a South African Province.” Global Health Action 3: 75–81.
  • Kilminster, S. M., and B. C. Jolly. 2000. “Effective Supervision in Clinical Practice Settings: A Literature Review.” Medical Education 34: 827–840.
  • Lehmann, U., M. Dieleman, and T. Martineau. 2008. “Staffing Remote Rural Areas in Middle-and Low-income Countries: A Literature Review of Attraction and Retention.” BMC Health Service Research 8 (19). doi:10.1186/1472-6963-8-19.
  • Levinson, W., K. Kaufman, B. Clark, and S. W. Tolle. 1991. “Mentors and Role Models for Women in Academic Medicine.” Western Journal of Medicine 154: 423–426.
  • Link, J. 1983. “Was ist und was Bringt Diskurstaktik?” KultuRRevolution 20: 60–99.
  • Lockwood, P. 2006. “‘Someone Like Me Can Be Successful’: Do College Students Need Same Gender Role Models?” Psychology of Women Quarterly 30: 36–46.10.1111/pwqu.2006.30.issue-1
  • London, L., S. Kalula, and B. Xaba. 2009. “A Survey of Trainee Specialists’ Experiences at the University of Cape Town (UCT): Impacts of Race and Gender.” BMC Medical Education 11: 1–11. doi:10.1186/1472-6920-9-26.
  • Macleod, A. 2011. “Caring, Competence and Professional Identities in Medical Education.” Advances in Health Science Education 16: 375–394. doi:10.1007/s10459-010-9269-9.
  • Magano, M. D. 2011. “Narratives on Challenges of Female Black Postgraduate Students.” Teaching in Higher Education 16 (4): 365–376. doi:10.1080/13562517.2010.546523.
  • Magrane, D., D. Helitzer, P. Morahan, S. Chang, K. Gleason, G. Cardinali, and C.-C. Wu. 2012. “Systems of Career Influences: A Conceptual Model for Evaluating the Professional Development of Women in Academic Medicine.” Journal of Women’s Health 21 (12): 1244–1251. doi:10.1089/jwh.2012.3638.
  • Mclean, M. 2004. “The Choice of Role Models by Students at a Culturally Diverse South African Medical School.” Medical Teacher 26 (2): 133–141.10.1080/01421590310001653973
  • Morrison, L. J., E. Lorens, G. Bandiera, W. C. Liles, L. Lee, R. Hyland, H. Mcdonald-Blumer, et al. 2014. “Impact of a Formal Mentoring Program on Academic Promotion of Department of Medicine Faculty: A Comparative Study.” Medical Teacher 36 (7): 608–614. doi:10.3109/0142159X.2014.899683.
  • Noon, M. 2007. “The Fatal Flaws of Diversity and the Business Case for Ethnic Minorities.” Work, Employment & Society 21 (4): 773–784.10.1177/0950017007082886
  • Nunez-Smith, M., L. A. Curry, D. Berg, H. M. Krumholz, and E. H. Bradley. 2008. “Healthcare Workplace Conversations on Race and the Perspectives of Physicians of African Descent.” Journal of General Internal Medicine 23 (9): 1471–1476. doi:10.1007/s11606-008-0709-7.
  • Odom, K. L., L. M. Roberts, R. L. Johnson, and L. Cooper. 2007. “Exploring Obstacles to and Opportunities for Professional Success among Ethnic Minority Medical Students.” Academic Medicine 82 (2): 146–153. doi:10.1097/ACM.0b013e31802d8f2c.
  • Palepu, A., R. H. Friedman, R. C. Barnett, P. L. Carr, A. S. Ash, L. Szalacha, and M. A. Moskowitz. 1998. “Junior Faculty Members’ Mentoring Relationships and Their Professional Development in U.S. Medical Schools.” Academic Medicine 73: 318–323.10.1097/00001888-199803000-00021
  • Pierce, C., J. Carew, D. Pierce-Gonzalez, and D. Wills. 1978. “An Experiment in Racism: TV Commercials.” In Television and Education, edited by C. Pierce, 62–88. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  • Pololi, L. H., J. T. Civian, R. T. Brennan, A. L. Dottolo, and E. Krupat. 2013. “Experiencing the Culture of Academic Medicine: Gender Matters, a National Study.” Journal of General Internal Medicine 28 (2): 201–207. doi:10.1007/s11606-012-2207-1.
  • Pololi, L., L. A. Cooper, and P. Carr. 2010. “Race, Disadvantage and Faculty Experiences in Academic Medicine.” Journal of General Internal Medicine 25 (12): 1363–1370. doi:10.1007/s11606-010-1478-7.
  • Pololi, L. H., E. Krupat, J. T. Civian, A. S. Ash, and R. T. Brennan. 2012. “Why are a Quarter of Faculty Considering Leaving Academic Medicine? A Study of Their Perceptions of Institutional Culture and Intentions to Leave at 26 Representative U.S. Medical Schools.” Academic Medicine 87: 859–869.10.1097/ACM.0b013e3182582b18
  • Rangasamy, J. 2004. “Understanding Institutional Racism: Reflections from Linguistic Anthropology.” In Institutional Racism in Higher Education, edited by I. Law, D. Phillips, and L. Taurney, 27–34. Sterling, VA: Trentham Books.
  • Ricer, R. E., B. C. Fox, and K. E. Miller. 1995. “Mentoring for Medical Students Interested in Family Practice.” Family Medicine 27: 360–365.
  • Rodríguez, J. E., K. M. Campbell, and L. H. Pololi. 2015. “Addressing Disparities in Academic Medicine: What of the Minority Tax?” BMC Medical Education 15 (6). doi:10.1186/s12909-015-0290-9.
  • Rose, G. L., M. R. Rukstalis, and M. A. Schuckit. 2005. “Informal Mentoring between Faculty and Medical Students.” Academic Medicine 80 (4): 344–348.10.1097/00001888-200504000-00007
  • Silverman, D. 2013. Doing Qualitative Research. London: Sage.
  • Smith, D. G. 2012. “Building Institutional Capacity for Diversity and Inclusion in Academic Medicine.” Academic Medicine 87 (11): 1511–1515. doi:10.1097/ACM.0b013e31826d30d5.
  • Solórzano, D., M. Ceja, and T. Yosso. 2000. “Critical Race Theory, Racial Microaggressions, and Campus Racial Climate: The Experiences of …” Journal of Negro Education 69 (1): 60–73.
  • Steele, C. 2010. Whistling Vivaldi: And Other Clues to How Stereotypes Affect Us. New York: W.W. Norton.
  • Thackwell, N., L. Swartz, S. Dlamini, L. Phahladira, R. Muloiwa, and B. Chiliza. 2016. “Race Trouble: Experiences of Black Medical Specialist Trainees in South Africa.” BMC International Health and Human Rights 16 (31). doi:10.1186/s12914-016-0108-9.
  • Thomas, D. A. 2001. “The Truth about Mentoring Minorities. Race Matters.” Harvard Business Review 79 (4): 98–107, 168. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11299697.
  • Van Dijk, T. A. 2001. “Principles of Critical Discourse Analysis.” In Discourse Theory and Practice: A Reader, edited by M. Wetherell, S. Taylor, and S. J. Yates, 300–317. London: Sage.
  • Von Feldt, J. M., M. Bristol, S. Sonnad, S. Abbuhl, P. Scott, and K. L. McGowan. 2009. “The Brief CV Review Session: One Component of a Mosaic of Mentorship for Women in Academic Medicine.” Journal of the National Medical Association 101 (9): 873–880. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19806843.10.1016/S0027-9684(15)31033-6
  • Walsh, K. 2014. “Medical Education: A New Pedagogy of the Oppressed?” Medical Teacher 36 (2): 175–176. doi:10.3109/0142159X.2013.826795.
  • Wildschut, A., and A. Gouws. 2013. “Male(Volent) Medicine: Tensions and Contradictions in the Gendered Re/Construction of the Medical Profession in South Africa.” South African Review of Sociology 44 (2): 36–53. doi:10.1080/21528586.2013.802536.
  • Wilson, H., T. Egan, and R. Friend. 2003. “Teaching Professional Development in Undergraduate Medical Education.” Medical Education 37: 473–489.
  • Wise, M. R., H. Shapiro, J. Bodley, R. Pittini, D. McKay, A. Willan, and M. E. Hannah. 2004. “Factors Affecting Academic Promotion in Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Canada.” Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 26: 127–136.10.1016/S1701-2163(16)30488-1
  • Young, A. M., and P. L. Perrewe. 2000. “What Did You Expect? An Examination of Career-related Support and Social Support among Mentors and Protégés.” Journal of Management 26: 611–632.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.