3,700
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

‘Demonstrable experience of being a Mammy or Crazy Black Bitch’ (essential). A critical race feminist approach to understanding Black women Headteachers’ experiences in English schools

ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 318-334 | Received 16 Mar 2022, Accepted 05 Sep 2022, Published online: 13 Sep 2022

References

  • Antunes, A. 2017. “Muslim Girls and Critical Race Feminism: Towards an Understanding of CRF in Education.” International Journal of Curriculum and Social Justice 1 (2): 97–118.
  • Bailey-Morrissey, C. 2021. “Who is Entitled to Be a Senior Secondary School Leader? Black Women Senior Leaders’.” Impact, February 2nd. https://my.chartered.college/impact_article/who-is-entitled-to-be-a-senior-secondary-school-leader-black-women-senior-leaders-experiences/
  • Bailey-Morrissey, C., and R. Race. 2019. “The Lived Experiences of Black Women Leaders: Barriers to Progression.” In Race, Education and Educational Leadership in England an Integrated Analysis, edited by P. Miller and C. Callender, 121–142. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
  • Batty, D., and N. Parveen. 2021. “UK Schools Record More Than 60,000 Racist Incidents in Five Years.” The Guardian, March 28th. https://www.theguardian.com/education/2021/mar/28/uk-schools-record-more-than-60000-racist-incidents-five-years
  • Bell, D. 1987. And We are Not Saved: The Elusive Quest for Racial Justice. New York: Basic Books.
  • Bell, D. 1992. Faces at the Bottom of the Well. New York: Basic Books.
  • Bell, L. A. 2003. “Telling Tales: What Stories Can Teach Us About Racism.” Race,ethnicity and Education 6 (1): 3–28.
  • Bell, E. L., and S. M. Nkomo. 2001. Our Separate Ways: Black and White Women and the Struggle for Professional Identity. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
  • Blackmore, J. 1993. “In the Shadow of Men’: The Historical Construction of Administration as a ‘Masculinist’ Enterprise.” In Gender Matters in Educational Administration and Policy, edited by J. Blackmore and J. Kenway, 27–48. London: Falmer Press.
  • Christian, M. 2005. “The Politics of Black Presence in Britain and Black Male Exclusion in the British Education System.” Journal of Black Studies 35 (3): 327–346. doi:10.1177/0021934704268397.
  • Crawford, C. E. 2019. “The One-In-ten: Quantitative Critical Race Theory and the Education of the ‘New (White) Oppressed’.” Journal of Education Policy 34 (3): 423–444. doi:10.1080/02680939.2018.1531314.
  • Curtis, S. E. 2014. Black women leaders in early years education. PhD diss., Leeds Beckett University.
  • Curtis, S., and V. Showunmi. 2019. “Black Women Leaders: Intersectional and Present in the Field of Education ‘Hear Our Voice.” In Race, Education and Educational Leadership in England an Integrated Analysis, edited by P. Miller and C. Callendar, 261–286. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
  • Cyr, D., J. Weiner, and L. Burton. 2021. “I Want to Speak to a White Person”: Daily Microaggressions and Resilient Leadership.” Journal of Cases in Educational Leadership 24 (4): 60–73.
  • Dantley, M. E., and L. C. Tillman. 2006. “Social Justice and Moral Transformative Leadership”. In Leadership for Social Justice: Making Revolutions in Education, 2nd ed, edited by C. Marshall and M. Oliva, 19–34. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
  • Demie, F. 2021. “The Experience of Black Caribbean Pupils in School Exclusion in England.” Educational Review 73 (1): 55–70. doi:10.1080/00131911.2019.1590316.
  • Doharty, N. 2019. “‘I FELT DEAD’: Applying a Racial Microaggressions Framework to Black Students’ Experiences of Black History Month and Black History.” Race Ethnicity and Education 22 (1): 110–129. doi:10.1080/13613324.2017.1417253.
  • Dumas, M. J., and N. D. Joseph. 2016. “(Re) Imagining Black Boyhood: Toward a Critical Framework for Educational Research.” Harvard Educational Review 86 (1): 27–47.
  • Evans-Winters, V. E., and J. Esposito. 2010. “Other People’s Daughters: Critical Race Feminism and Black Girls’ Education.” Educational Foundations 24 (1–2): 11–24.
  • Fuller, M. 1980. “Black Girls in a London Comprehensive School.” In Schooling for Women’s Work, edited by R. Deem, 52–65. Boston: Routledge Kegan Paul.
  • Gillborn, D. 2005. “Education Policy as an Act of White Supremacy: Whiteness, Critical Race Theory and Education Reform.” Journal of Education Policy 20 (4): 485–505. doi:10.1080/02680930500132346.
  • Gillborn, D., and H. S. Mirza. 2000. Educational Inequality: Mapping Race, Class and Gender. A Synthesis of Evidence. London: Ofsted.
  • Gillborn, D., N. Rollock, C. Vincent, and S. J. Ball. 2012. “‘You Got a Pass, so What More Do You Want?’: Race, Class and Gender Intersections in the Educational Experiences of the Black Middle Class.” Race Ethnicity and Education 15 (1): 121–139. doi:10.1080/13613324.2012.638869.
  • Golden, M. 2021. The Strong Black Woman: How a Myth Endangers the Physical and Mental Health of Black Women. Florida: Mango Publishing Group Florida.
  • Gov.Uk. 2021a. School Teacher Workforce. online, February 18. https://www.ethnicity-facts-figures.service.gov.uk/workforce-and-business/workforce-diversity/school-teacher-workforce/latest
  • Gov.Uk. 2021b. Commission on Race and Ethnic Disparities: The Report. online, March 31st. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/974507/20210331_-_CRED_Report_-_FINAL_-_Web_Accessible.pdf
  • Gov.Uk. 2022. School inspection handbook. online, February 9. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/school-inspection-handbook-eif/school-inspection-handbook#part-2
  • Graham, M., and G. Robinson. 2004. ““The Silent Catastrophe” Institutional Racism in the British Educational System and the Underachievement of Black Boys.” Journal of Black Studies 34 (5): 653–671.
  • Grant, V. 2015. “Isolation, Stress and Tears … the Truth About Being a Headteacher.” The Guardian, February 3. https://www.theguardian.com/education/2015/feb/03/Headteacher-how-deal-with-stress-isolation-tips
  • Hancock, S. D., V. Showunmi, and C. Lewis. 2020. “Teaching While Black and Female: Navigating Mental, Curricular, and Professional Aggression.” Theory into Practice 59 (4): 409–418. doi:10.1080/00405841.2020.1773184.
  • Hill, A. 2022. “‘There is Absolutely Systemic Racism’: BAME Headteachers Share Their Views.” The Guardian, January 25. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/25/there-is-absolutely-systemic-racism-bame-headteachers-share-their-views?CMP=Share_AndroidApp_Other
  • Johnson, L. 2021. “Portraits of UK Black and South Asian Headteachers Five Years On: Leadership Retention in the Age of Academization.” Educational Management Administration & Leadership 49 (4): 662–684. doi:10.1177/17411432211009896.
  • Joseph-Salisbury, R. 2021a. “Anti-Racism Under Attack.” Red Pepper, June 22. https://www.redpepper.org.uk/anti-racism-critical-race-theory-under-attack/
  • Joseph-Salisbury, R. 2021b. “Teacher Perspectives on the Presence of Police Officers in English Secondary Schools: A Critical Race Theory Analysis.” Race Ethnicity and Education 24 (4): 578–595. doi:10.1080/13613324.2021.1890563.
  • Maylor, U., L. Roberts, K. Linton, and J. Arday. 2021. “Race and Educational Leadership: The Influence of Research Methods and Critical Theorising in Understanding Representation, Roles and Ethnic Disparities.” Educational Management Administration & Leadership 49 (4): 553–564. doi:10.1177/17411432211022770.
  • Meghji, A. 2020. “Critical Race Theory Would Help End Systematic Racism – It Makes No Sense for the Government to Reject It.” inews, October 22. https://inews.co.uk/opinion/critical-race-theory-end-systematic-racism-no-sense-government-reject-it-732963
  • Miller, P. 2019. “‘Tackling’ Race Inequality in School Leadership: Positive Actions in BAME Teacher Progression – Evidence from Three English Schools.” Educational Management Administration & Leadership 48 (6): 986–1006.
  • Mirza, H. S. 1992. Young, Female and Black. Oxon: Routledge.
  • Mirza, H. S. 2008. Race, Gender and Educational Desire: Why Black Women Succeed and Fail. London: Routledge.
  • Palmer, L. A. 2020. “Diane Abbott, Misogynoir and the Politics of Black British Feminism’s Anticolonial Imperatives: ‘‘In Britain Too, It’s as if We Don’t Exist’.” The Sociological Review 68 (3): 508–523.
  • Phoenix, A. 2009. “De‐colonising Practices: Negotiating Narratives from Racialised and Gendered Experiences of Education.” Race Ethnicity and Education 12 (1): 101–114. doi:10.1080/13613320802651053.
  • Reynolds-Dobbs, W., K. M. Thomas, and M. S. Harrison. 2008. “From Mammy to Superwoman: Images That Hinder Black Women’s Career Development.” Journal of Career Development 35 (2): 129–150. doi:10.1177/0894845308325645.
  • Rollock, N. 2007. “Why Black Girls Don’t Matter: Exploring How Race and Gender Shape Academic Success in an Inner City School.” Support for Learning 22 (4): 197–202.
  • Rollock, N. 2021. “I Would Have Become Wallpaper Had Racism Had Its Way”: Black Female Professors, Racial Battle Fatigue, and Strategies for Surviving Higher Education.” Peabody Journal of Education 96 (2): 206–217.
  • Rollock, N., D. Gillborn, C. Vincent, and S. J. Ball. 2015. The Colour of Class: The Educational Strategies of the Black Middle Classes. London: Routledge.
  • Sampong, K. 2015. “AFRIPHOBIA: A Global Apartheid Racist Challenge of Xenophobia That Must Be Better Recognised and Tackled by Our Inter-Community Efforts with the Positive Action of True Internationalism.” OYESEYIE! [online], May 9. https://oyeseyie.files.wordpress.com/2015/05/afriphobia.pdf
  • Sewell, T. 1997. Black Masculinities and Schooling: How Black Boys Survive Modern Schooling. Staffordshire, UK: Trentham Books.
  • Smith, W. A., T. J. Yosso, G. Daniel, and D. G. Solórzano. 2007. “Racial Primes and Black Misandry on Historically White Campuses: Toward Critical Race Accountability in Educational Administration.” Educational Administration Quarterly 43 (5): 559–585.
  • Solórzano, D. G., and T. J. Yosso. 2002. “Critical Race Methodology: Counter-Storytelling as an Analytical Framework for Education Research.” Qualitative Inquiry 8 (1): 23–44. doi:10.1177/107780040200800103.
  • Thomas, E. 2012. “Beyond the Culture of Exclusion: Using Critical Race Theory to Examine the Perceptions of British ‘Minority Ethnic’ and Eastern European ‘Immigrant’ Young People in English Schools.” Intercultural Education 23 (6): 501–511. doi:10.1080/14675986.2012.731205.
  • Tikly, L. 2022. “Racism and the Future of Antiracism in Education: A Critical Analysis of the Sewell Report.” British Educational Research Journal 48 (3): 469–487. doi:10.1002/berj.3776.
  • Vieler-Porter, C. 2021. The Underrepresentation of Black and Minority Ethnic Educators in Education: Chance, Coincidence or Design? Oxon: Routledge.
  • Wing, A. K. 2003. Critical Race Feminism, a Reader. 2nd ed. New York: New York University Press.
  • Woodcock, A., and A. Cowburn. 2021. “Culture Wars’ Row Over Parliamentary Report’s Attack on Use of Term ‘White Privilege.” The Independent, June 21. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/education-white-working-class-mps-b1869900.html