Including or excluding religion and worldviews in schools? Finnish teachers’ and teacher students’ perceptions

References

• Bader, V. 2007. Secularism or Democracy? Associational Governance of Religious Diversity. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bergdahl, L., and E. Langmann. 2018. “Time for Values: Responding Educationally to the Call from the Past.” Studies in Philosophy and Education 37 (4): 367–382. doi:10.1007/s11217-017-9591-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carens, J. 2000. Culture, Citizenship and Community: A Contextual Exploration of Justice as Evenhandedness. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Casanova, J. 2009. “The Secular and Secularisms.” Social Research 76 (4): 1049–1066.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatelaine. 2019. “What Is Quebec’s Secularism Bill—And How Does It Affect Women?” April 3. Accessed 5 May 2019. https://www.chatelaine.com/news/quebec-secularism-bill-21-women/
   Google Scholar
• Commission on Religious Education. 2018. “Final rapport: Religion and Worldviews: The Way Forward. A national plan for RE.” September. Accessed 7 October 2018. https://www.commissiononre.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Final-Report-of-the-Commission-on-RE.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Eger, M. A., and S. Valdez. 2014. “Neo-Nationalism in Western Europe.” European Sociological Review 31 (1): 115–130. doi:10.1093/esr/jcu087.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FNBE (Finnish National Board of Education). 2004. National Core Curriculum for Basic Education 2004: National Core Curriculum for Basic Education Intended for Pupils in Compulsory Education. http://www.oph.fi/english/curricula_and_qualifications/basic_education
   Google Scholar
• FNBE (Finnish National Board of Education). 2014. Finnish National Core Curriculum for Basic Education 2014. Publications 2016: 5. Helsinki: FNBE.
   Google Scholar
• FNBE (Finnish National Board of Education). 2018. Guidelines for Organising Religious and Secular Ethics Education and Religious Events in Pre-primary and in Basic Education. [Ohje Perusopetuksen Uskonnon Ja Elämänkatsomustiedon Sekä Esiopetuksen Katsomuskasvatuksen Järjestämisestä Sekä Uskonnollisista Tilaisuuksista Esi- Ja Perusopetuksessa]. Helsinki: FNBE.
   Google Scholar
• Ghosh, R., A. Chan, A. Manuel, and M. Dilimulati. 2017. “Can Education Counter Violent Religious Extremism?” Canadian Foreign Policy Journal 23: 117–133. doi:10.1080/11926422.2016.1165713.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Globalnews. 2019. “‘Absolutely Unacceptable’: Protesters Denounce Bill 21 at Montreal Rallies.” April 14. Accessed 5 May 2019. https://globalnews.ca/news/5166332/absolutely-unacceptable-protesters-denounce-bill-21-at-montreal-rallies/
   Google Scholar
• Hemming, P. 2011. “The Place of Religion in Public Life: School Ethos as a Lens on Society.” Sociology 45 (6): 1061–1077. doi:10.1177/0038038511416148.
   Google Scholar
• Hill, R. 2017. “Counter-Extremism in British Schools: Ensuring Respect for Parents’ Rights over Their Children’s Religious Upbringing.” British Journal of Educational Studies. E-pub ahead of print. doi:10.1080/00071005.2017.1417540.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, R. 2016. Inclusive Study of Religions and worldviews in Schools: Signposts from the Council of Europe. Council of Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Jackson, R. 2018. “Human Rights in Relation to Education about Religions and worldviews: The Contribution of the Council of Europe to Classroom Religious Education.” Journal of Religious Education 66: 85–97. doi:10.1007/s40839-018-0062-z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kallioniemi, A., and M. Ubani. 2016. “Religious Education in Finnish School System.” In Miracle of Education: The Principles and Practices of Teaching and Learning in Finnish Schools, edited by H. Niemi, A. Toom, and A. Kallioniemi, 179–191. Second revised education. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Kallioniemi, A., O. Schihalejev, A. Kuusisto, and S. Poulter. 2018. “Estonian and Finnish Pupils’ Experiences of Religious Issues and Views on the Place of Religion in School.” Religion & Education 45 (1): 73–88. doi:10.1080/15507394.2017.1355176.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ketola, K., M. Hytönen, V.-M. Salminen, J. Sohlberg, and L. Sorsa. 2016. “Pariticipating Luthernanism.” The Evanglical-Lutheran churh in Finland during 2012–2015: A research about the church and Finnish people. [Osallistuva luterilaisuus. Suomen Evankelis-luterilainen kirkko vuosina 2012–2015: Tutkimus kirkosta ja suomalaisista.] Kirkon tutkimuskeskuksen julkaisuja 125.
   Google Scholar
• Kimanen, A. 2018. “Approaching Culture, Negotiating Practice: Finnish Educators’ Discourses on Cultural Diversity.” Journal of Multicultural Discourses 13: 334–347. E-pub ahead of print. doi:10.1080/17447143.2018.1546309.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martikainen, T. 2015. “The Finnish People are Poorly Knowledgeable of the Number of Muslims in Finland.” [ Suomalaiset tietävät huonosti Suomessa olevien muslimien määrän.] Demokraatti, November 21. Accessed 13 November 2018. https://demokraatti.fi/lm-suomalaiset-tietavat-huonosti-suomessa-olevien-muslimien-maaran/
   Google Scholar
• McGoldrick, D. 2011. “Religion in the European Public Square and in European Public Life—Crucifixes in the Classroom?” Human Rights Law Review 11 (3): 451–502. doi:10.1093/hrlr/ngr024.
   Google Scholar
• Miah, S. 2017. “The Muslim Problematic: Muslims, State Schools and Security.” International Studies in Sociology of Education 26 (2): 138–150. doi:10.1080/09620214.2016.1200996.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, J., and U. McKenna. 2011. “Religion and Religious Education: Comparing and Contrasting Pupils’ and Teachers’ Views in an English School.” British Journal of Religious Education 33 (2): 173–187. doi:10.1080/01416200.2011.543599.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore, D. 2015. “Diminishing Religious Literacy.” In Religious Literacy in Policy and Practice (part two), edited by A. Dinham and M. Francis. E-book published by Policy Press Scholarship Online.
   Google Scholar
• Niemi, P. M. forthcoming. “Religion and Secularity in School Festivals – Experiences and Challenges from Finland.” In Contextualising Dialogue, Secularisation and Pluralism: Case Analyses in Finnish Public Education, edited by M. Ubani, S. Poulter, and I. Rissanen. Münster: Waxmann
   Google Scholar
• Niemi, P. M., A. Kallioniemi, and R. Ghosh. 2019. “Religion as a Human Rights and Security Threat in Finland.” Religions 10: 55. doi:10.3390/rel10010055.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niemi, P. M., A. Kuusisto, and A. Kallioniemi. 2014. “Discussing School Celebrations from an Intercultural Perspective – A Study in the Finnish Context.” Intercultural Education 25 (4): 255–268. doi:10.1080/14675986.2014.926143.
   Google Scholar
• Niemi, P. M., and K. Hahl. 2018. “Reproducing, Disrupting and Reforming Understanding of Cultural Diverity: Theorising Future Subject Teachers’ Pedagogical Reflections.” Teaching Education 1–18. E-pub ahead of print. doi:10.1080/10476210.2018.1478809.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Official Statistics Finland. 2017. Population Structure. Accessed October 2018. http://pxnet2.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/en/StatFin/StatFin__vrm__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_007.px/?rxid=24735f14-0cba-4271-bbb1-ff5248c95b5b
   Google Scholar
• Pierik, R., and W. van der Burg. 2014. “What Is Neutrality?” Ratio Juris 27 (4): 496–515. doi:10.1111/raju.12057.
   Google Scholar
• Poulter, S., A.-L. Riitaoja, and A. Kuusisto. 2016. “Thinking Multicultural Education ‘Otherwise’ – From a Secularist Construction Towards a Plurality of Epistemologies and Worldviews.” Globalisation, Societies and Education 14 (1): 68–86. doi:10.1080/14767724.2014.989964.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rissanen, I. 2019. “School Principals’ Diversity Ideologies in Fostering the Inclusion of Muslims in Finnish and Swedish Schools.” Race Ethnicity and Education 1–20. e-pub ahead of print. doi:10.1080/13613324.2019.1599340.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rissanen, I., E. Kuusisto, and A. Kuusisto. 2016. “Developing Teachers’ Intercultural Sensitivity: Case Study on a Pilot Course in Finnish Teacher Education.” Teaching and Teacher Education 59: 446–456. doi:10.1016/j.tate.2016.07.018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rissanen, I., K. Tirri, and E. Kuusisto. 2015. “Finnish Teachers’ Attitudes about Muslim Students and Muslim Student Integration.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 54 (2): 277–290. doi:10.1111/jssr.12190.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakaranaho, T. 2018. “Encountering Religious Diversity: Multilevel Governance of Islamic Education in Finland and Ireland.” Journal of Religious Education 66 (2): 111–124. doi:10.1007/s40839-018-0065-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, Charles. 2007. A Secular Age. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, D., and E. Usborne. 2010. “When I Know Who ‘We’ Are, I Can Be ‘Me’: The Primary Role of Cultural Identity Clarity for Psychological Well-Being.” Transcultural Psychiatry 47 (1): 93–111. doi:10.1177/1363461510364569.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ubani, M. 2018. “When Teachers Face Religion in Public Education. Case Examples from Finnish Public Education.” Journal of Religious Education 66 (2): 139–150. doi:10.1007/s40839-018-0064-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ubani, M., and E. Ojala. 2018. “Introduction.” Journal of Religious Education 66 (2): 79–83. doi:10.1007/s40839-018-0067-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United Nations. 1948. “Universal Declaration of Human Rights.” https://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Documents/UDHR_Translations/eng.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Weisse, W. 2010. “REDCo: A European Research Project on Religion in Education.” Religion & Education 37 (3): 187–202. doi:10.1080/15507394.2010.513937.
   Google Scholar
• Ziebertz, H.-G., and U. Riegel, eds. 2009. How Teachers in Europe Teach Religion: An International Empirical Study in 16 Countries. Münster: Lit-Verl.
   Google Scholar