References
- Pincus G, Garcia CR, Rock J, et al. Effectiveness of an oral contraceptive. Science. 1959;30:81–83.
- Grandi G, Cagnacci A, Volpe A. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of desogestrel as a female contraceptive. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014;10:1–10.
- Fruzzetti F, Bitzer J. Review of clinical experience with estradiol in combined oral contraceptives. Contraception. 2010;81:8–15.
- Mansour D. Qlaira: a ‘natural’ change of direction. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care. 2009;35:139–142.
- Yang LP, Plosker GL. Nomegestrol acetate/estradiol: in oral contraception. Drugs 2012;72:1917–1928.
- Kumar N, Koide SS, Tsong Y, et al. Nestorone: a progestin with a unique pharmacological profile. Steroids. 2000;65:629–636.
- Brache V, Merkatz R, Kumar N, et al. A dose-finding, cross-over study to evaluate the effect of a Nestorone®/Estradiol transdermal gel delivery on ovulation suppression in normal ovulating women. Contraception. 2015;92:289–297.
- Grandi G, Napolitano A, Cagnacci A. Metabolic impact of combined hormonal contraceptives containing estradiol. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2016;12:779–787.
- Junge W, Mellinger U, Parke S, et al. Metabolic and haemostatic effects of estradiol valerate/dienogest, a novel oral contraceptive: a randomized, open-label, single-centre study. Clin Drug Investig. 2011;31:573–584.
- Ågren UM, Anttila M, Mäenpää-Liukko K, et al. Effects of a monophasic combined oral contraceptive containing nomegestrol acetate and 17β-oestradiol compared with one containing levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol on haemostasis, lipids and carbohydrate metabolism. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2011;16:444–457.
- Grandi G, Piacenti I, Volpe A, et al. Modification of body composition and metabolism during oral contraceptives containing nonandrogenic progestins in association with estradiol or ethinyl-estradiol. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2014;30:676–680.
- Grandi G, Napolitano A, Xholli A, et al. Effect of oral contraceptives containing estradiol and nomegestrol acetate or ethinyl-estradiol and chlormadinone acetate on primary dysmenorrhea. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2015;31:774–778.
- De Leo V, Fruzzetti F, Musacchio MC, et al. Effect of a new oral contraceptive with estradiol valerate/dienogest on carbohydrate metabolism. Contraception. 2013;88:364–368.
- Lete I, Chabbert-Buffet N, Jamin C, et al. Haemostatic and metabolic impact of estradiol pills and drospirenone-containing ethinylestradiol pills vs. levonorgestrel-containing ethinylestradiol pills: a literature review. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2015;20:329–343.
- Grandi G, Xholli A, Napolitano A, et al. Prospective measurement of blood pressure and heart rate over 24 h in women using combined oral contraceptives with estradiol. Contraception. 2014;90:529–534.
- Dinger J, Do Minh T, Heinemann K. Impact of estrogen type on cardiovascular safety of combined oral contraceptives. Contraception. 2016;94:328–339.
- Barnett C, Hagemann C, Dinger J, et al. Fertility and combined oral contraceptives - unintended pregnancies and planned pregnancies following oral contraceptive use - results from the INAS-SCORE study. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2017;22:17–23.
- Dinger JC, Minh TD, Buttmann N, et al. Effectiveness of oral contraceptive pills in a large U.S. cohort comparing progestogen and regimen. Obstet Gynecol. 2011;117:33–40.
- London A, Jensen JT. Rationale for eliminating the hormone-free interval in modern oral contraceptives. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2016;134:8–12.