References
- Aguliera, E., and B. Nightengale-Lee. 2020. “Emergency Remote Teaching Across Urban and Rural Contexts: Perspectives on Educational Equity.” Information and Learning Science 121 (5–6): 461–468. https://doi.org/10.1108/ILS-04-2020-0100.
- Al-Jazeera. 2022, May 19. Germany School Shooting Injures One, Suspect Arrested. Crime News | Al Jazeera. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/5/19/germany-school-shooting-injures-one-suspect-arrested.
- Anderson, M. 2018. Nearly one-in-five teens can’t always finish their homework because of the digital dividenearly-one-in-five-teens-cant-always-finish-their-homework-because-of-the-digital-divide. Pew Research Center. http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/10/26/.
- Ataguba, O. A., and J. E. Ataguba. 2020. “Social Determinants of Health: The Role of Effective Communication in the COVID-19 Pandemic in Developing Countries.” Global Health Action 13 (1): 1788263.
- Author Under Review. 2019.
- Author Under Review. 2020.
- Author Under Review. 2021.
- Author Under Review. 2022.
- Beard, K. S. 2017. “Promises Kept or Opportunities Lost: A Wicked Problem in Educational Leadership.” Journal of Cases in Educational Leadership 20 (3): 86–103. https://doi.org/10.1177/1555458916685749.
- Beauchamp, G., M. Hulme, L. Clarke, L. Hamilton, and J. A. Harvey. 2021. “‘People Miss People’: A Study of School Leadership and Management in the Four Nations of the United Kingdom in the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Educational Management Administration and Leadership 49 (3): 375–392. doi:10.1177/1741143220987841.
- Bensimon, E. M. 2018. “Reclaiming Racial Justice in Equity.” Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning 50 (3-4): 95–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/00091383.2018.1509623.
- Boin, A., P. t’Hart, E. Stern, and B. Sundelius. 2005. The Politics of Crisis Management: Public Leadership Under Pressure. Cambridge University Press.
- Cahapay, M. B.. 2022. “How Filipino parents home educate their children with autism during COVID-19 period.” International Journal of Developmental Disabilities 68 (3): 395–398.
- Crane, R. B. 2022. Adaptive leadership practices: High school leadership in Maine during the COVID-19 crisis. Dissertation, University of Maine Electronic These and Dissertations. digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd.
- Daniel, J., H. L. S. Malone, and D. E. Kirkland. 2020. “A Step Closer to Racial Equity: Towards a Culturally Sustaining Model for Community Schools.” Urban Education, https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085920954906.
- Darling-Hammond, L., M. E. Wechsler, S. Levin, M. Leung-Gagné, and S. Tozer. 2022. Developing Effective Principals: What Kind of Learning Matters? Learning Policy Institute, Wallace Foundation. www.wallacefoundation.org.
- Davis, A. Y. 1989. Women, Culture and Politics. Random House.
- DeMartino, L., and S. G. Weiser. 2021. “Striving for Equity in Pandemic Times: The Administrator’s Role in the Shift to Online Education in K-12 and Higher Education Spaces.” In Handbook of Research on Inequities in Online Education During Global Crises, edited by S. Ramlall, T. Cross, and M. Love, 199–223. IGI Global.
- d’Orville, H. 2020. “COVID-19 Causes Unprecedented Educational Disruption: Is There a Road Towards a New Normal?” Prospects 49 (1): 11–15. doi:10.1007/s11125-020-09475-0.
- Duncan-Andrade, J. 2009. “Note to Educators: Hope Required When Growing Roses in Concrete.” Harvard Educational Review 79 (2): 181–194. https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.79.2.nu3436017730384.
- Environmental Protection Agency. 2021, September 2. EPA Report Shows Disproportionate Impacts of Climate Change on Socially Vulnerable Populations in the United States. https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa-report-shows-disproportionate-impacts-climate-change-socially-vulnerable.
- Eruchalu, C. N., M. S. Pichardo, M. Bharadwaj, C. B. Rodriguez, J. A. Rodriguez, R. W. Bergmark, … G. Ortega. 2021. “The Expanding Digital Divide: Digital Health Access Inequities During the COVID-19 Pandemic in New York City.” Journal of Urban Health 98 (2): 183–186. doi:10.1007/s11524-020-00508-9.
- Fontaine, S. 2010. Arne Duncan: Katrina Was “Best Thing to Happen to Education In New Orleans.” https://newsone.com/426662/arne-duncan-katrina-was-best-thing-to-happen-to-education-in-new-orleans/.
- Freire, P. 1994. Pedagogy of Hope: Reliving Pedagogy of the Oppressed. New York: Continuum.
- Gainey, B. 2020. Building Resilience for Stronger Communities. Proceedings of the International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference, 3, 37–40. Nicholson School of Communication and Media. https://www.doi.org/10.30658icrcc.2020.9.
- Galloway, M. K., and A. M. Ishimaru. 2015. “Radical Recentering: Equity in Educational Leadership Standards.” Educational Administration Quarterly 51 (3): 372–408. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X15590658.
- Galloway, M. K., and A. M. Ishimaru. 2017. “Equitable Leadership on the Ground: Converging on High-Leverage Practices.” Education Policy Analysis Archives 25: 2. https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.25.2205.
- Galloway, M., A. Ishimaru, R. Larson, and C. Carr. 2010. Got Equity? Educational Leaders’ Descriptions of Enacting Equitable Practices. leadtool.educationnorthwest.org.
- Goodman, J. D., S. F. Kovaleski, E. Medina, and M. Baker. 2022, June 3. No Radio, Old Tactics: How the Police Response in Uvalde broke Down. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/03/us/uvalde-police-response.html.
- Guardian News and Media. 2022, June 21. Russia-Ukraine war: What we know on day 118 of the invasion. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jun/21/russia-ukraine-war-what-we-know-on-day-118-of-the-invasion.
- Hallberg, L., and L. J. Santiago. 2021. “Using Narrative Inquiry to Explore Critical Reflection and Self-Awareness in Equity Leadership Development.” Educational Leadership and Administration: Teaching and Program Development 33: 18–39.
- Harvard Graduate School of Education. n.d. 6. Systems and structures. Reimagining Integration—Diverse and Equitable Schools. https://rides.gse.harvard.edu/systems-structures.
- Helsloot, I., and J. Groenendaal. 2017. “It’s Meaning-Making, Stupid! Success of Public Leadership During Flash Crises.” Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management 25 (4): 350–353. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12166.
- Hemmer, L., and D. S. Elliff. 2020. “Leaders in Action: The Experiences of Seven Texas Superintendents Before, During, and After Hurricane Harvey.” Educational Management Administration and Leadership 48 (6): 964–985. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143219873073.
- Hiramoto, M., R. Borba, and K. Hall. 2021. Hope in a Time of Crisis. Gender and Language. Equinox Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1558/GENL.42609
- Holloway, J. 2014. “A Note on Hope and Crisis.” Sociology 48 (5): 1070–1072.
- Kiral, B., and C. Brion. 2021. “An Educational Leader’s E-mails to the Parents During COVID-19 Pandemic.” Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi, https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.931253.
- Knight, D. S. 2019. “Are School Districts Allocating Resources Equitably? The Every Student Succeeds Act, Teacher Experience Gaps, and Equitable Resource Allocation.” Educational Policy 33 (4): 615–649. https://doi.org/10.1177/0895904817719523.
- Kruse, S. D., K. C. Rodela, and K. S. Huggins. 2018, January. “A Regional Network of Superintendents Confronting Equity Public and Private Messy Messages.” Journal of School Leadership 28 (1): 82–109. https://doi.org/10.1177/105268461802800104.
- Ladson-Billings, G. 2006. “From the Achievement Gap to the Education Debt: Understanding Achievement in U.S. Schools.” Educational Researcher 35 (7): 3–12. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X035007003.
- Lanas, M., and M. Zembylas. 2015. “Towards a Transformational Political Concept of Love in Critical Education.” Studies in Philosophy and Education 34 (1): 31–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11217-014-9424-5.
- Ledur, J., and K. Rabinowitz. 2022, June 10. There Have Been Over 250 Mass Shootings so far in 2022. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2022/06/02/mass-shootings-in-2022/.
- Longmuir, F. 2021. “Leading in Lockdown: Community, Communication and Compassion in Response to the COVID-19 Crisis.” Educational Management Administration and Leadership, https://doi.org/10.1177/17411432211027634.
- MacNeil, W., and K. Topping. 2007. “Crisis Management in Schools: Evidence-Based Prevention.” Journal of Educational Enquiry 7 (1): 64–94.
- Madsen, S. 2020. Council post: The key to leadership development is critical reflection. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbescoachescouncil/2020/05/26/the-key-to-leadershipdevelopment-is-critical-reflection/?sh=659b239e3d7d.
- Mazurkiewicz, G. 2021. “Educational Leadership in Times of Crisis.” Risks 9 (5): 90. doi:10.3390/risks9050090.
- Milner, H. R. 2012. “Rethinking Achievement Gap Talk in Urban Education.” Urban Education 48 (1): 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085912470417.
- The National Center for Education Statistics. 2020, May. Characteristics of Public School Principals. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/cls#:~:text=The%20percentage%20of%20public%20school%20principals%20who%20were%20White%20was,5%20percent).
- Oredein, A. O. 2010. “Principals’ Decision-Making as Correlates of Crisis Management in South-West Nigerian Secondary Schools.” International Journal of Pedagogies and Learning 6 (1): 62–68. https://doi.org/10.5172/ijpl.6.1.62.
- Owens, A. 2020. “Unequal Opportunity: School and Neighborhood Segregation in the USA.” Race and Social Problems 12 (1): 29–41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12552-019-09274-z.
- Owoeye, F. 2022, June 6. At Least 50 Killed in Massacre at Catholic Church in Southwest Nigeria. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/gunmen-kill-worshippers-during-church-service-nigeria-media-2022-06-05/.
- Paine, L., P. de la Rocha, A. P. Eyssallenne, C. A. Andrews, L. Loo, C. P. Jones, … M. Morse. 2021. “Declaring Racism a Public Health Crisis in the United States: Cure, Poison, or Both?” Frontiers in Public Health 9 (June): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.676784.
- Patti, J., P. Senge, C. Madrazo, and R. Stern. 2015. “Developing Socially, Emotionally, and Cognitively Competent School Leaders and Learning Communities.” In Handbook of Social and Emotional Learning: Research and Practice, edited by J. A. Durlak, C. E. Domitrovich, R. P. Weissberg, and T. P. Gullotta, 438–452. Guilford.
- Pedroso, J. E. P., N. D. Siason Jr, and A. Tangco-Siason. 2021. “Principal’s Leadership Practices during the COVID 19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Study.” International Journal of Arts and Humanities Studies 1 (1): 76–87.
- Phillips, G., D. Felt, M. M. Ruprecht, X. Wang, J. Xu, E. Pérez-Bill, … L. B. Beach. 2020. “Addressing the Disproportionate Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sexual and Gender Minority Populations in the United States: Actions Toward Equity.” LGBT Health 7 (6): 279–282. https://doi.org/10.1089/lgbt.2020.0187.
- Pollack, T. M., and S. Zirkel. 2013. “Negotiating the Contested Terrain of Equity-Focused Change Efforts in Schools: Critical Race Theory as a Leadership Framework for Creating More Equitable Schools.” Urban Review 45 (3): 290–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-012-0231-4.
- Price, D. C., and K. C. Mansfield. 2021, February. “Leadership in the Time of COVID: Connecting Community Resources to Meet the Need of North Carolina Students.” Frontiers in Education 5: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.615101.
- Ramos-Pla, A., M. Tintoré, and I. Del Arco. 2021. “Leadership in Times of Crisis. School Principals Facing COVID-19.” Heliyon 7 (11): e08443.
- Reardon, S. F., E. Weathers, E. Fahle, H. Jang, and D. Kalogrides. 2019. Is separate Still Unequal? New Evidence on School Segregation and Racial Academic Achievement Gaps. Stanford Center for Education Policy Analysis. https://cepa.stanford.edu/wp19-06.
- Reuge, N., R. Jenkins, M. Brossard, B. Soobrayan, S. Mizunoya, J. Ackers, … W. G. Taulo. 2021. “Education Response to COVID 19 Pandemic: A Special Issue Proposed by UNICEF: Editorial Review.” International Journal of Educational Development 87: 102485. doi:10.1016/j.ijedudev.2021.102485.
- Reyes-Guerra, D., P. Maslin-Ostrowski, M. Y. Barakat, and M. A. Stefanovic. 2021, March. “Confronting a Compound Crisis: The School Principal’s Role During Initial Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Frontiers in Education 6: 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.617875.
- Rivera-McCutchen, R. L. 2021. ““We Don’t Got Time for Grumbling”: Toward an Ethic of Radical Care in Urban School Leadership.” Educational Administration Quarterly 57 (2): 257–289. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X20925892.
- Rodela, K. C., and C. Rodriguez-Mojica. 2019, April. Equity Leadership Informed by Community Cultural Wealth: Counterstories of Latinx School Administrators. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X19847513.
- Rodríguez, C., A. Amador, and B. A. Tarango. 2016. “Mapping Educational Equity and Reform Policy in the Borderlands: LatCrit Spatial Analysis of Grade Retention.” Equity and Excellence in Education 49 (2): 228–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2016.1144834.
- Ross, J. A., and M. J. Berger. 2009. “Equity and Leadership: Research-Based Strategies for School Leaders.” School Leadership and Management 29 (5): 463–476. doi:10.1080/13632430903152310.
- Russell, J. A., L. D. Gonzales, and H. Barkhoff. 2021, October. “Demonstrating Equitable and Inclusive Crisis Leadership in Higher Education.” Kinesiology Review 10 (4): 383–389. https://doi.org/10.1123/kr.2021-0051.
- Sieben, N. 2021. Action-Based Hope and Commitments of Care in Education Leadership. The English Record, 95.
- Singleton, G. E., and C. Linton. 2006. Courageous Conversations About Race: A Field Guide for Achieving Equity in Schools. Corwin.
- Sleeter, C. E. 2004. “Context-Conscious Portraits and Context-Blind Policy.” Anthropology and Education Quarterly 35 (1): 132–136. https://doi.org/10.1525/aeq.2004.35.1.132.
- Smith, L., and D. Riley. 2012. “School Leadership in Times of Crisis.” School Leadership and Management 32 (1): 57–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2011.614941.
- Sonnenschein, S., M. L. Stites, J. A. Grossman, and S. H. Galczyk. 2022. ““This Will Likely Affect His Entire Life”: Parents’ Views of Special Education Services During COVID-19.” International Journal of Educational Research 112: 101941.
- Stringer, S. M. 2019. Census and The City: Overcoming NYC’s Digital Divide in the 2020 Census. New York, N.Y. Retrieved from https://comptroller.nyc.gov/wp-content/uploads/documents/Census_and_The_City_Overcoming_NYC_Digital_Divide_Census.pdf.
- Tyack, D. B. 1974. The One Best System: A History of American Urban Education. Cambridge: Mass: Harvard University Press.
- UNICEF. 2018. The Out-of-School Children Initiative (OOSCI), (February), 168.
- Webb, D. 2010. “Paulo Freire and ‘the Need for a Kind of Education in Hope.’.” Cambridge Journal of Education 40 (4): 327–339. doi:10.1080/0305764X.2010.526591.
- Weiner, J., C. Francois, C. Stone-Johnson, and J. Childs. 2021, January. “Keep Safe, Keep Learning: Principals’ Role in Creating Psychological Safety and Organizational Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Frontiers in Education 5: 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.618483.
- Welton, A. D., D. R. Owens, and E. M. Zamani-Gallaher. 2018. “Anti-Racist Change: A Conceptual Framework for Educational Institutions to Take Systemic Action.” Teachers College Record 120 (14).