Seismic Damage of Submerged Intake Tower under the Sequence of Mainshocks and Aftershocks

References

• ABAQUS Version 6.14-4. 2011. ABAQUS user’s manual, Dassault Systèmes, SIMULIA
   Google Scholar
• Alembagheri, M., and H. Estekanchi, Nonlinear analysis of aboveground anchored steel tanks using endurance time method. 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Alembagheri, M., and M. Ghaemian. 2013. Damage assessment of a concrete arch dam through nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 44: 127–37. doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2012.09.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alliard, P. M., and P. Léger. 2008. Earthquake safety evaluation of gravity dams considering aftershocks and reduced drainage efficiency. Journal of Engineering Mechanics 134 (1): 12–22. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2008)134:1(12).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amadio, C., M. Fragiacomo, and S. Rajgelj. 2003. The effects of repeated earthquake ground motions on the non‐linear response of SDOF systems. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 32 (2): 291–308. doi: 10.1002/eqe.225.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arias, A. 1969. Measure of Earthquake Intensity, 438–83. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Inst. of Tech. Press; Santiago de Chile: Univ. of Chile.
   Google Scholar
• Bormann, P., and G. F. Z. German, Glossary of interest to earthquake and engineering seismologists. 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, X., Y. Liu, B. Zhou, and D. Yang. 2020. Seismic response analysis of intake tower structure under near-fault ground motions with forward-directivity and fling-step effects. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 132: 106098. doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106098.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chopra, A. K. A. C. 1973. The Koyna earthquake and the damage to Koyna dam. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 63 (2): 381–97.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglas, J. 2003. Earthquake ground motion estimation using strong-motion records: A review of equations for the estimation of peak ground acceleration and response spectral ordinates. Earth-Science Reviews 61 (1–2): 43–104. doi: 10.1016/S0012-8252(02)00112-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Earij, A., G. Alfano, K. Cashell, and X. Zhou. 2017. Nonlinear three–dimensional finite–element modelling of reinforced–concrete beams: Computational challenges and experimental validation. Engineering Failure Analysis 82: 92–115. doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.08.025.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faisal, A., T. A. Majid, and G. D. Hatzigeorgiou. 2013. Investigation of story ductility demands of inelastic concrete frames subjected to repeated earthquakes. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 44: 42–53. doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2012.08.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiorino, L., B. Bucciero, and R. Landolfo. 2019. Evaluation of seismic dynamic behaviour of drywall partitions, façades and ceilings through shake table testing. Engineering Structures 180: 103–23. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.11.028.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fragiacomo, M., C. Amadio, and L. Macorini. 2004. Seismic response of steel frames under repeated earthquake ground motions. Engineering Structures 26 (13): 2021–35. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.08.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganji, H. T., M. Alembagheri, and M. H. Khaneghahi. 2019. Evaluation of seismic reliability of gravity dam-reservoir in homogeneous foundation coupled system. Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 13 (3): 701–15. doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0507-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goyal, A., and A. K. Chopra. 1989. Earthquake analysis of intake‐outlet towers including tower‐water‐foundation‐soil interaction. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 18 (3): 325–44. doi: 10.1002/eqe.4290180303.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iervolino, I., and C. A. Cornell. 2005. Record selection for nonlinear seismic analysis of structures. Earthquake Spectra 21 (3): 685–713. doi: 10.1193/1.1990199.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katsanos, E. I., A. G. Sextos, and G. D. Manolis. 2010. Selection of earthquake ground motion records: A state-of-the-art review from a structural engineering perspective. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 30 (4): 157–69. doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2009.10.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kayen, R. E., and J. K. Mitchell. 1997. Assessment of liquefaction potential during earthquakes by Arias intensity. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 123 (12): 1162–74. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(1997)123:12(1162).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keightley, W. O., G. W. Housner, and D. E. Hudson. 1961. Vibration tests of the Encino Dam intake tower. Technical Report: Caltech EERL.1961.003
   Google Scholar
• Khaneghahi, M. H., M. Alembagheri, and N. Soltani. 2019. Reliability and variance-based sensitivity analysis of arch dams during construction and reservoir impoundment. Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 13 (3): 526–41. doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0495-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lacey, A. W., W. C. Hong Hao, B. Kaiming, and F. J. Tallowin. 2019. Shear behaviour of post-tensioned inter-module connection for modular steel buildings. Journal of Constructional Steel Research 162.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, J., and G. L. Fenves. 1998. Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures. Journal of Engineering Mechanics 124 (8): 892–900. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1998)124:8(892).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, K., and D. A. Foutch. 2004. Performance evaluation of damaged steel frame buildings subjected to seismic loads. Journal of Structural Engineering 130 (4): 588–99. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:4(588).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lubliner, J., J. Oliver, S. Oller, and E. Oñate. 1989. A plastic-damage model for concrete. International Journal of Solids and Structures 25 (3): 299–326. doi: 10.1016/0020-7683(89)90050-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahin, S. A. 1980. Effects of duration and aftershocks on inelastic design earthquakes. In Proceedings of the 7th world conference on earthquake engineering, vol. 5, 677–680.
   Google Scholar
• Manual, E., 2007. Earthquake Design and Evaluation of Concrete Hydraulic Structures. (May).
   Google Scholar
• Resatalab, S., M. T. Ahmadi, and M. Alembagheri. 2020. Seismic response sensitivity analysis of intake towers interacting with dam, reservoir and foundation. Magazine of Civil Engineering 7: 9901–9901.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruiz-García, J., and J. D. Aguilar. 2017. Influence of modeling assumptions and aftershock hazard level in the seismic response of post-mainshock steel framed buildings. Engineering Structures 140: 437–46. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.02.074.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sommerfeld, A. 1949. Partial differential equations in physics. Cambridge, MA: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Song, R., Y. Li, and J. W. Van De Lindt. 2016. Loss estimation of steel buildings to earthquake mainshock-aftershock sequences. Structural Safety 61: 1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.strusafe.2016.03.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stafford, P. J., J. B. Berrill, and J. R. Pettinga. 2009. New predictive equations for Arias intensity from crustal earthquakes in New Zealand. Journal of Seismology 13 (1): 31–52. doi: 10.1007/s10950-008-9114-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teymoori, E., S. Abbasi, and A. J. Moradloo. 2020. Influence of stiffeners and their arrangement on frequency and seismic response of intake tower during construction. Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering  5: 45–56.
   Google Scholar
• Travasarou, T., J. D. Bray, and N. A. Abrahamson. 2003. Empirical attenuation relationship for arias intensity. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 32 (7): 1133–55. doi: 10.1002/eqe.270.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vidot, A. L., L. E. Suarez, E. E. Matheu, and M. K. Sharp. 2004. Seismic analysis of intake towers considering multiple-support excitation and soil-structure interaction effects.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, G., Y. Wang, W. Lu, P. Yan, W. Zhou, and M. Chen. 2017. Damage demand assessment of mainshock-damaged concrete gravity dams subjected to aftershocks. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 98 (September 2016): 141–54. doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.03.034.
   Google Scholar
• Xiaodong, Z., and L. Yunhe. 2016. Analysis and research on seismic damage index of reinforced concrete intake tower structure. Revista Ibérica De Sistemas E Tecnologias De Informação 18A: 211–22.
   Google Scholar
• Yazdani, Y., and M. Alembagheri. 2017. Effects of base and lift joints on the dynamic response of concrete gravity dams to pulse-like excitations. Journal of Earthquake Engineering 21 (5): 840–60. doi: 10.1080/13632469.2016.1185056.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeo, G. L. 2005. Stochastic characterization and decision bases under time-dependent aftershock risk in performance-based earthquake engineering, CA: Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center Berkeley, 195–195.
   Google Scholar
• Zhai, C. H., W. P. Wen, S. Li, Z. Chen, Z. Chang, and L. L. Xie. 2014. The damage investigation of inelastic SDOF structure under the mainshock-aftershock sequence-type ground motions. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 59: 30–41. doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.01.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhai, C. H., W. P. Wen, Z. Chen, S. Li, and L. L. Xie. 2013. Damage spectra for the mainshock-aftershock sequence-type ground motions. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 45: 1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2012.10.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhai, C. H., Z. Zheng, S. Li, and L. L. Xie. 2015. Seismic analyses of a RCC building under mainshock-aftershock seismic sequences. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 74: 46–55. doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2015.03.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H., and L. Zhang. 2016. Seismic performance assessment and potential failure modes of intake towers. Natural Hazards 83 (3): 1321–40.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, S., G. Wang, and W. Sa. 2013. Damage evaluation of concrete gravity dams under mainshock-aftershock seismic sequences. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 50: 16–27. doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2013.02.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar