782
Views
66
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Risk factors for the development of PTSD and depression among child and adolescent victims following a 7.4 magnitude earthquake

, , , , , & show all
Pages 190-199 | Received 30 Jan 2006, Published online: 12 Jul 2009

References

  • The Practice Parameters for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with PTSD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1998;37((suppl)):10.
  • Pfefferbaum B. PTSD in children: A review of the past 10 years. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1997; 36: 1503–11
  • Yule W. Post-traumatic stress disorder. Child and adolescent psychiatry4th ed., M Rutter, E Taylor. Blackwell Science, London 2003; 520–28
  • American Psychiatric Association (APA) diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed (DSM- IV). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994.
  • Asarnow J, Glynn S, Pynoos R, Nahum J, Gutherie D., Cantwell DP, et al. When the earth stops shaking. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1999; 38: 1016–23
  • Green BI, Korol M, Grace MC., Vary MG, Leaward AC, Gleser GC, et al. Children and disaster: Age, gender and parental effects on PTSD symptoms. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1991; 30: 945–51
  • Hsu C, Chong M, Yang P, Yen C. PTSD among adolescent earthquake victims in Taiwan. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2002; 41: 875–81
  • Lonigan CJ, Shannon MP, Taylor CM, Finch AJ, Sallee FR. Children exposed to disaster: II. Risk factors for the development of post traumatic stress disorder symptomatology. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1994; 33: 94–105
  • Grigorian HM. The Armenian earthquake. Responding to disaster, LS Austin. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC 1992; 157–67
  • Goenjian AK, Steinberg AM, Najarian LM, Fairbanks LA, Tadhjian M. Prospective study of PTSD, anxiety and depressive reactions after earthquake and political violence. Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157: 895–911
  • Pynoos RS, Goenjian A, Tashian M, Karakashian M, Manjikian R. PTS reaction in children after the 1998 Armenian earthquake. Br J Psychiatry 1993; 163: 239–47
  • Najarian LM, Goenjian AK, Pelcovitz D, Mandel F, Najarian B. Relocation after a disaster: Post traumatic stress disorder in Armenia after the earthquake. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996; 35: 374–83
  • Armenian HK, Morikawa M, Melkonian AK, Hovanesian A, Akiskal K. Risk factors for depression in the survivors of the 1988 earthquake in Armenia. J Urban Health 2002; 79(3)373–82
  • Roussos A, Goenjian AK, Steinberg AM, et al. Posttraumatic stress and depressive reactions among children and adolescents after the 1999 earthquake in Greece. Am J Psychiatry 2005; 162: 530–7
  • Goenjian AK, Pynoos RS, Steinberg AM, Najarian LM, Asarnow JR., Karayan T, et al. Psychiatric comorbidity in children after the 1988 earthquake in Armenia. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1995; 34(9)1174–84
  • Kilpatrick DG, Ruggiero KJ, Acierno R. Witnessing violence and risk of PTSD, major depression, substance abuse/dependence, and comorbidity: Results from the National Survey of Adolescents. J Consult Clin Psychol 2003; 71: 692–700
  • Spielberger C. Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Consulting Psychologists Presss, Palo Alto, CA 1983
  • Oy B. Children's Depression Inventory: Validity and reliability study (In Turkish). Turk J Psychiatry 1991; 2: 132–6
  • Ozusta, S. Cocuklar icin durumluk-surekli kaygi envanterini uyarlamasi. Gecerlik-guvenirlik calismasi. 1993. Basilmamis yüksek lisans tezi (In Turkish).
  • Rutter M, Yule W. Applied scientific thinking in clinical assessment. Child and adolescent psychiatry4th edn, M Rutter, E Taylor. Blackwell Science, London 2003; 103–16
  • Blake DD, Weathers FW, Nagy LM. A clinician administered rating scale for assessing current and lifetime PTSD (The CAPS-I). Behav Ther 1990; 13: 187–8
  • Aker T, Ozeren M, Basoglu M. Klinisyen Tarafindan Uygulanan TSSB Olçeği. TSSB-O. Gecerlik-Guvenirlik Çalismasi. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 1999;10:286–93 (in Turkish).
  • Kolaitis G, Kotsopoulos J, Tsiantis J, Haritaki S, Rigizou F., Zacharaki L, et al. Post traumatic stress disorder reactions among children following the Athens earthquake of September 1999. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2003; 12(6)273–80
  • Altindag A, Ozen S, Sir A. One-year follow-up study of post traumatic stress disorder among earthquake survivors in Turkey. Comp Psychiatry 2005; 46: 328–33
  • Salcioglu E, Basoglu M, Livanou M. Long-term psychological outcome for non-treatment–seeking earthquake survivors in Turkey. J Nerv Ment Dis 2003; 191(3)154–60
  • Wang X, Gao L, Shinfuku N, Zhang H, Zhao C., Shen Y. Longitudinal study of earthquake related PTSD in a randomly selected community sample in North China. Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157: 1260–6
  • Jaycox LH, Stein BD, Kataoka SH., Wong M, Fink A, Escudero P, et al. Violence exposure, post traumatic stress disorder and depressive symptoms among recent immigrant school children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2002; 41: 1104–10
  • Kilic EZ, Ozquven H, Sayil I. The psychological effects of parental mental health on children experiencing disaster: The experience of Bolu earthquake in Turkey. Fam Process 2003; 42: 485–95
  • Krug EG, Kresnow M, Peddicord JP., Dahlberg LL, Powell KE, Crosby AE, et al. Suicide after natural disasters. New Engl J Med 1998; 338(6)373–8
  • National Institute of Mental Health. Evidence based mental health. Vol. 9. London: BMJ Publishing Group; 2006. p 30–1
  • Weller RA, Weller EB, Fristad MA., Bowes JM. Depression in recently bereaved children. Am J Psychiatry 1991; 148(11)536–40
  • Birmaher B, Ryan ND, Williamson DE, Brent DA, Kaufman J. Childhood and adolescent depression: A review of the past 10 years. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996; 35: 1575–83
  • Dowdney L, Wilson R, Maughan B, Allerton M, Schofield P, Sxuse D. Psychological disturbance and service provision in parentally bereaved children. Br Med J 1999; 319: 354–7
  • Cerel J, Fristad M, Verducci J, Weller R, Weller E. Childhood bereavement: Psychopathology in the 2 years postparental death. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2006; 45(6)681–90
  • Vehid H, Alyanak B, Eksi A. Suicide ideation after the 1999 earthquake in Marmara, Turkey. Tohoku J Exp Med 2006; 208: 19–24
  • Stoddard F, Saxe G. Ten-year research review of physical injuries. Research update reviews. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2001; 40(10)1128–45

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.