New organizational forms within the aquaculture industry: The fish‐farming enterprise as a ‘virtual’ organization

References

• Aarset , B. 1998 . The Norwegian salmon farming industry in transition. Dislocation of Decision Control . Ocean and Coastal Managment , 38 : 3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aldrich , H. and Fiol , M.C. 1994 . Fools rush in? The institutional context of industry creation . Academy of Management Review , 19 : 645 – 670 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Axelsson , B. and Easton , G. 1992 . Industrial Networks. A new view of reality , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Barnatt , C. 1995 . Virtual organization in the small business sector: the case of Cavendish Management Resources . International Small Business Journal , 15 : 36 – 47 .
   Google Scholar
• Barney , J.B. 1991 . Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage . Journal of Managment , 17 : 99 – 120 .
   Google Scholar
• Borch , O.J. 1992 . Small firms and the governance of interorganizational exchange . Scandinavian Journal of Management , 8 : 321 – 334 .
   Google Scholar
• Black , J.A. and Boal , K.B. 1994 . Strategic resources: traits, configurations and paths for sustainable competitive advantage . Strategic Management Journal , 15 : 131 – 148 . Special Issue Summer
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borch , O.J. 1994a . Markets in transition. A study of business strategy within the Norwegian meat industry , NF‐rapport 8/94 Bodø : Nordlandsforskning .
   Google Scholar
• Borch , O.J. 1994b . “ The process of relational contracting. Developing trust‐based strategic alliances among small business enterprises ” . In Advances in Strategic Management , Edited by: Shrivastava , P. , Dutton , J. and Huff , A. 113 – 135 . Greenwich, Connecticut : JAI Press Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Borch , O.J. and Aaker , H. 1997 . Differentiated product quality within salmon farming ‐ an analysis of production technology and profitability in the manufacturing of different qualities in the Norwegian fish farming plants , NF‐rapport 6/97 Bodø : Nordlandsforskning . [in Norwegian]
   Google Scholar
• Borch , O.J. and Arthur , M.B. 1995 . Strategic networks among small firms: implications for strategy research methodology . Journal of Management Studies , 32 : 419 – 441 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borch , O.J. , Huse , M. and Senneseth , K. 1998 . “ Resource configuration, competitive strategies and corporate entrepreneurship: an empirical examination of small firms ” . In Entrepreneurship, Theory, Practice, Special edition on Corporate Entrepreneurship (forthcoming)
   Google Scholar
• Chesbrough , H. and Teece , D. 1996 . When is virtual virtuous? . Harvard Business Review , 74 : 65 – 74 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D'Aveni , R.A. and Ravenscraft , D.J. 1994 . Economies of integration versus bureaucracy costs: does vertical integration improve performance? . Academy of Managementjournal , 37 : 1167 – 1206 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daft , R. and Levin , A.Y. 1990 . Can organization studies begin to break out of the normal science straitjacket? An editorial essay . Organization Science , 1 : 1 – 9 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davidow , W.H. and Malone , M.S. 1992 . The virtual corporation. Structuring and revitalizing the corporation for the 21st century , New York : HarperCollins Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Etzioni , A. 1988 . The Moral Dimension. Towards a new economics , New York : The Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Golden , P. and Dollinger , M. 1993 . Cooperative alliances and competitive strategies in small manufacturing firms . Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice , 18 : 4356
   Google Scholar
• Granovetter , M. 1985 . Economic action and social structure: the problem of embeddedness . American Journal of Sociology , 91 : 481 – 510 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granovetter , M. 1992 . “ Problems of explanation in economic sociology ” . In Networks and Organizations: structure, form, and action , Edited by: Nohria , N. and Eccles , R.G. Boston, MA : Harvard Business School Press .
   Google Scholar
• Grant , R.M. 1990 . The resource‐based theory of competitive advantage . California Management Review , 33 : 114 – 135 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greiner , R. and Metes , G. 1995 . Going Virtual , Upper Saddle River, NJ : Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Grunert , K.G. , Baadsgaard , A. , Hartvig Larsen , H. and Koed Madsen , T. 1996 . Market Orientation in Food and Agriculture , Norwell, MA, , USA : Kluwer Academic Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Hale , R. and Whitlam , P. 1997 . Towards the Virtual Organization , Berkshire, UK : McGraw‐Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Haugland , S.A.V. and Reve , T. 1993 . Relational contracting and distribution channel cohesion . Journal of Marketing Channels , 2 : 2760
   Google Scholar
• Heckscher , C. and Donellon , A. , eds. The Postbureaucratic Organization , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications . Year?
   Google Scholar
• Heide , J.B. 1994 . Interorganizational governance in marketing channels . Journal of Marketing , 58 : 71 – 85 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heide , J.B. and John , G. 1992 . Do norms matter in marketing relationships? . Journal of Marketing , 56 April : 32 – 44 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hrebiniak , L.G. 1994 . The We‐force in Management. How to build and sustain cooperation , New York : Lexington Books .
   Google Scholar
• Jarillo , J.C. 1988 . On strategic networks . Strategic Management Journal , 9 : 31 – 41 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarillo , J.C. and Stevenson , H.H. 1991 . Cooperative strategies. The payoffs and the pitfalls . Long Range Planning , 24 : 64 – 70 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kontali . 1988 . The development potential in the Norwegian seafarming industry , Kontali Analyses Kristiansund . [in Norwegian]
   Google Scholar
• Larson , A. 1992 . Network dyads in entrepreneurial settings: a study of the governance of exchange relationships . Administrative Science Quarterly , 37 : 76 – 104 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liabø , L. The salmon industry and the coastal‐Norway‐challenges during a period of large structural changes . Presentation at the NorAqua Coastal conference . April 8–9 1999 . [in Norwegian]
   Google Scholar
• Low , M.B. and Abrahamson , E. 1997 . Movements, bandwagons, and clones: industry evolution and the entrepreneurial process . Journal of Business Venturing , 12 : 435 – 457 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahoney , J.T. 1992 . The choice of organizational form: vertical financial ownership versus other methods of vertical integration . Strategic Management Journal , 13 : 559 – 584 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miles , R.E. and Snow , C.C. 1986 . Organizations: new concepts for new forms . California Management Review , 28 : 62 – 73 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miles , R.E. , Snow , C.C. , Mathews , J.A. , Miles , G. and Coleman , H.J. Jr. 1997 . Organizing in the knowledge age: anticipating the cellular form . Academy of Management Executive , 11 : 7 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Mintzberg , H. 1983 . Structure in fives: designing effective organizations , Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Mosakowski , E. 1993 . A resource‐based perspective on the dynamic strategy performance relationship: an empirical examination of the focus and differentiation strategies in entrepreneurial firms . Journal of Management , 19 : 819 – 839 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nohria , N. and Berkley , J.D. 1994 . “ The virtual organization ” . In The Post‐Bureaucratic Organization , Edited by: Heckscher , C. and Donellon , A. 108 – 128 . Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Parkhe , A. 1993a . Strategic alliance structuring: a game theoretic and transaction cost examination of inter‐firm cooperation . Academy of Management Journal , 36 : 794 – 829 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkhe , A. 1993b . ‘Messy’ research, methodological predispositions, and theory development in international joint ventures . Academy of Management Review , 18 : 227 – 268 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter , M. 1980 . Competitive strategy , New York : The Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ring , P.S. and Van de Ven , A.H. 1992 . Structuring cooperative relationships between organizations . Strategic Management Journal , 13 : 483 – 498 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouse , M.J. and Daellenbach , U.S. 1999 . Rethinking research methods for the resource‐based perspective: isolating sources of sustainable competitive advantage . Strategic Management Journal , 20 : 487 – 494 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SND . 1994 . A Market‐oriented Strategy for the Fish Industry , Oslo : SND . [in Norwegian]
   Google Scholar
• Stinchcombe , A.L. 1985 . “ Contracts as hierarchical documents ” . In Organization Theory and Project Management , Edited by: Stinchcombe , A.L. and Heimer , C. 121 – 171 . Oslo : Norwegian University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Strader , T.J. , Lin , F.‐R. and Shaw , M.J. 1998 . Information infrastructure for electronic virtual organization management . Decision Support Systems , 23 : 1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The International Salmon Farmers Association (ISFA) . 1998 . “ World farmed salmon supply. ” . In The ISFA supply and demand study , ISFA .
   Google Scholar
• Thomesen , I. , Aaker , H. and Borch , O.J. 1997 . Producer organizations in the Norwegian salmon industry ‐ an industry perspective , NF‐rapport 1/97 Bodø : Nordlandsforskn‐ing .
   Google Scholar
• Thorelli , H.B. 1986 . Networks: between markets and hierarchies . Strategic Management Journal , 7 : 37 – 51 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volberda , H.W. 1998 . Building the Flexible Firm: how to Remain Competitive , New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Weiner , M. , Nohria , N. , Hickman , A. and Smith , H. 1997 . Value networks ‐ the future of the U.S. Electric Utility Industry . Sloan Management Review , 38 Summer : 21 – 34 .
   Google Scholar
• Williamson , O.E. 1985 . The Economic Institutions of Capitalism , New York : The Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Williamson , O.E. 1991 . Comparative economic organization: the analysis of discrete structural alternatives . Administrative Science Quarterly , 36 : 269 – 296 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zahra , S. and Pearce , J.I.I. 1990 . Research evidence on the Miles‐Snow typology . Journal of Management , 16 : 751 – 768 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar