References
- Acker, J. (1990). Hierarchies, jobs, bodies: A theory of gendered organizations. Gender & Society, 4(2), 139–158. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124390004002002
- Amelink, C. T., & Creamer, E. G. (2007). Work-life spillover and job satisfaction of married/partnered faculty members. Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering, 13(4), 317–332. https://doi.org/10.1615/JWomenMinorScienEng.v13.i4.10
- Amsler, S., & Motta, S. C. (2017). The marketised university and the politics of motherhood. Gender and Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2017.1296116
- Anderson, C. D., Mattley, C., Conley, V. M., & Koonce, D. A. (2014). Community colleges and the reproduction of gender in the academy: Experiences of women stem faculty. In V. P. Demos, C. W. Berheide, & M. T. Segal (Eds.), Gender transformation of the academy (pp. 41–62). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
- Anderson, E. K., & Solomon, C. R. (2015). Family-friendly policies and practices in academe. Lexington Books.
- Angervall, P. (2018). The academic career: A study of subjectivity, gender, and movement among university lecturers. Gender and Education, 30(1), 105–118. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2016.1184234
- Angervall, P., & Beach, D. (2017). Dividing academic work: Gender and academic career at Swedish universities. Gender and Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2017.1401047
- Bailyn, L. (2003). Academic careers and gender equity: Lessons learned from MIT. Gender, Work and Organization, 10(2), 137–153. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0432.00008
- Bates, D. C., & Borland, E. (2014). Fitting in and stalling out: Collegiality, mentoring, and role strain among professors in the sciences at a primarily undergraduate institution. Polymath: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Arts & Sciences, 4(2). https://ojcs.siue.edu/ojs/index.php/polymath/article/view/2929/996
- Berheide, C. W., & Anderson-Hanley, C. (2012). Doing it all: The effects of gender, rank, and department climate on work-family conflict for faculty at liberal arts colleges. In M. T. Segal, E. N.-L. Chow, & V. P. Demos (Eds.), Social production and reproduction at the Interface of public and private spheres (Vol. 16, Advances in gender research, pp. 165–188). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
- Berheide, C. W., & Linden, R. (2015). Do work/life policies matter? The importance of work/life policies for faculty intentions to quit. In E. K. Anderson & C. R. Solomon (Eds.), Family friendly policies and practices in academe (pp. 27–50). Lexington Books.
- Blickenstaff, J. C. (2005). Women and Science careers: Leaky pipeline or gender filter? Gender and Education, 17(4), 369–386. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540250500145072
- Borland, E., & Bates, D. C. (2014). Emerging gender parity and persistent differences: Cultural shifts among faculty cohorts at a primarily undergraduate institution. In V. P. Demos, C. W. Berheide, & M. T. Segal (Eds.), Gender transformation of the academy (pp. 109–129). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
- Breeze, M., & Taylor, Y. (2018). Feminist collaboration in higher education: Stretched across career stages. Gender and Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2018.1471197
- Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, M. K., & Williams, L. J. (2000). Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56(2), 249–276. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1999.1713
- Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. (2018). The Carnegie classifications of institutions. http://carnegieclassifications.iu.edu/listings.php
- Clark, C. D., & Hill, J. M. (2010). Reconciling the tension between the tenure and biological clocks to increase the recruitment and retention of women in academia. Forum on Public Policy, 2010(2), 1–8. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ903572.pdf
- Clark, S. (2000). Work/family border theory: A new theory of work/family balance. Human Relations, 53(6), 747–770. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726700536001
- Deutsch, F. M., & Yao, B. (2014). Gender differences in faculty attrition in the USA. Community, Work & Family, 17(4), 392–408. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668803.2014.885880
- Drago, R. W., Colbeck, C., Stauffer, K. D., Pirretti, A., Burkum, K., Fazioli, J., Lazarro, G., & Habasevich, T. (2006). The avoidance of bias against caregiving: The case of academic faculty. American Behavioral Scientist, 49(9), 1222–1247. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764206286387
- Elliott, M. (2003). Work and family role strain among university Employees. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 24(2), 157–181. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023614907886
- Fernandes, J. D., Sarabipour, S., Smith, C. T., Niemi, N. M., Jadavji, N. M., Kozik, A. J., Holehouse, A. S., Pejaver, V., Symmons, O., Bisson Filho, A. W., & Haage, A. (2019). Insights from a survey-based analysis of the academic job market. bioRxiv, 796466. https://doi.org/10.1101/796466
- Flynn, C. B., Field, H. S., & Bedeian, A. G. (2011). ‘Life could be a dream‘: What US-based management PhD students desire in an initial academic appointment. Career Development International, 16(4), 316–341. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431111158760
- Fox, M. F., Fonseca, C., & Bao, J. (2011). Work and family conflict in academic science: Patterns and predictors among women and men in research universities. Social Studies of Science, 41(5), 715–735. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306312711417730
- Gatta, M. L., & Roos, P. A. (2004). Balancing without a net in Academia: Integrating family and work lives. Equal Opportunities International, 23(3/4/5), 124–142. https://doi.org/10.1108/02610150410787765
- Granda, P., & Blasczyk, E. (2010). Data harmonization. Cross-cultural survey guidelines. http://ccsg.isr.umich.edu/pdf/13DataHarmonizationNov2010.pdf
- Greenhaus, J. H., & Powell, G. N. (2012). The family-relatedness of work decisions: A framework and agenda for theory and research. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), 246–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.12.007
- Griffith, L., Heuvel, E. v. d., Fortier, I., Hofer, S., Raina, P., Sohel, N., Payette, H., Wolfson, C., & Belleville, S. (2013). Harmonization of cognitive measures in individual participant data and aggregate data meta-analysis ( AHRQ Publication No.13-EHC040-EF). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/reports/final.cfm
- Heijstra, T. M., Steinthorsdóttir, F. S., & Einarsdóttir, T. (2017). Academic career making and the double-edged role of academic housework. Gender and Education, 29(6), 764–780. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2016.1171825
- Hollenshead, C. S., Sullivan, B., Smith, G. C., August, L., & Hamilton, S. (2005). Work/family policies in higher education: Survey data and case studies of policy implementation. New Directions for Higher Education, 2005(130), 41–65. https://doi.org/10.1002/he.178
- Hurtado, S., Eagan, K., Pryor, J. H., Whang, H., & Tran, S. (2012). Undergraduate teaching faculty: The 2010-2011 HERI faculty survey. Higher Education Research Institute, UCLA. Retrieved April 22, 2013, from http://www.heri.ucla.edu/monographs/HERI-FAC2011-Monograph-Expanded.pdf
- Jacobs, J. A., & Winslow, S. E. (2004). The academic life course, time pressures and gender inequality. Community, Work & Family, 7(2), 143–161. https://doi.org/10.1080/1366880042000245443
- Keene, J. R., & Quadagno, J. (2004). Predictors of perceived work-family balance: Gender difference or gender Similarity? Sociological Perspectives, 47(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1525/sop.2004.47.1.1
- Kelly, K., & Grant, L. (2012). Penalties and premiums: the impact of gender, marriage, and parenthood on faculty salaries in science, engineering and mathematics (SEM) and Non-SEM fields. Social Studies of Science, 42(6), 869–896. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306312712457111
- King, L. A., Mattimore, L. K., King, D. W., & Adams, G. A. (1995). Family support inventory for workers: A new measure of perceived social support from family members. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16(3), 235–258. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030160306
- Lapierre, L. M., & Allen, T. D. (2006). Work-Supportive family, family-supportive supervision, use of organizational benefits, and problem-focused coping: Implications for work-family conflict and employee well-Being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 11(2), 169–181. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.11.2.169
- Lester, J. (2013). Work-life balance and cultural change: A narrative of eligibility. The Review of Higher Education, 36(4), 463–488. https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.2013.0037
- Lewis, S. (1997). ‘Family-friendly’ employment policies: A route to changing organizational culture or playing around at the margins? Gender, Work and Organization, 4(1), 13–23. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0432.00020
- Lisnic, R., Zajicek, A., & Kerr, B. (2019). Work-family balance and tenure reasonableness: Gender differences in faculty assessment. Sociological Spectrum, 39(5), 340–358. https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2019.1691097
- Lundquist, J. H., Misra, J., & O‘Meara, K. (2012). Parental leave usage by fathers and mothers at an American university. Fathering: A Journal of Theory, Research, and Practice About Men as Fathers, 10(3), 337–363. https://doi.org/10.3149/fth.1003.337
- Mason, M. A., Goulden, M., & Wolfinger, N. H. (2013). Do babies matter? Gender and family in the Ivory Tower. Rutgers.
- Masseen, G. H., & Bakker, A. B. (2001). Suppressor variables in path models: Definitions and interpretations. Sociological Methods and Research, 30(2), 241–270. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124101030002004
- Misra, J., Lundquist, J. H., & Templer, A. (2012). Gender, work time, and care responsibilities among faculty. Sociological Forum, 27(2), 300–323. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1573-7861.2012.01319.x
- Morse, R., Brooks, E., & Mason, M. (2017). How U.S. News calculated the 2018 best colleges rankings (U.S. News and World Reports). Retrieved March 23, 2018, from https://www.usnews.com/education/best-colleges/articles/how-us-news-calculated-the-rankings
- Nikunen, M. (2014). The ‘entrepreneurial university’, family and gender: Changes and demands faced by fixed-term workers. Gender and Education, 26(2), 119–134. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2014.888402
- O‘Laughlin, E. M., & Bischoff, L. G. (2005). Balancing parenthood and academia: Work/family stress as Influenced by gender and tenure status. Journal of Family Issues, 26(1), 79–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X04265942
- Ollilainen, M. (2019). Ideal bodies at work: Faculty mothers and pregnancy in academia. Gender and Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2019.1632808
- Ollilainen, M., & Solomon, C. R. (2014). Carving a ‘third Path’: Faculty parents’ resistance to the ideal academic worker norm. In V. P. Demos, C. W. Berheide, & M. T. Segal (Eds.), Gender transformation of the academy (pp. 21–40). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
- O‘Meara, K., & Campbell, C. M. (2011). Faculty Sense of agency in decisions about work and family. The Review of Higher Education, 34(3), 447–476. https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.2011.0000
- O‘Meara, K., & Stromquist, N. P. (2015). Faculty peer networks: Role and relevance in advancing agency and gender equity. Gender and Education, 27(3), 338–358. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2015.1027668
- Perna, L. (2005a). The relationship between family and employment outcomes. New Directions for Higher Education, 2005(130), 5–23. https://doi.org/10.1002/he.176
- Perna, L. (2005b). Sex differences in faculty tenure and promotion: The contribution of family ties. Research in Higher Education, 46(3), 277–307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-004-1641-2
- Philipsen, M., Case, S., Oetama-Paul, A., & Sugiyama, K. (2017). Academic womanhood across career states: A work-in-life perspective on what was, is, and could be. Community, Work & Family, 20(5), 623–644. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668803.2017.1378619
- Rantanen, J., Kinnunen, U., Mauno, S., & Tillemann, K. (2011). Introducing theoretical approaches to work-life balance and testing a new typology among professionals. In S. Kaiser, M. J. Ringlstetter, D. R. Eikhof, & M. Pina e Cunha (Eds.), Creating balance? (pp. 27–46). Springer-Verlag.
- Sallee, M. W. (2012). The ideal worker or the ideal father: Organizational structures and culture in the gendered university. Research in Higher Education, 53(7), 782–802. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-012-9256-5
- Schieman, S. (2010). Suppression effects in social stress research and their Implications for the stress process model. In W. R. Avison, C. S. Aneshensel, S. Schieman, & B. Wheaton (Eds.), Advances in the conceptualization of the stress process: Essays in Honor of Leonard I. Pearlin (pp. 53–69). Springer.
- Sears, A. L. W. (2003). Image problems deplete the number of women in academic applicant pools. Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering, 9(2), 169–182. https://doi.org/10.1615/JWomenMinorScienEng.v9.i2.40
- Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. Sociological Methodology, 13, 290–312. https://doi.org/10.2307/270723
- Solomon, C. R. (2010). The very highest thing is family”: Male Assistant professors’ work/family management. In M. T. Segal (Ed.), Interactions and intersections of gendered bodies at work, at home, and at play (pp. 233–255). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
- Thomas, L. T., & Ganster, D. C. (1995). Impact of family-supportive work variables on work-family conflict and strain: A control perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80(1), 6–15. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.80.1.6
- Van Anders, S. M. (2004). Why the academic pipeline leaks: Fewer men than women perceive barriers to becoming professors. Sex Roles, 51(9), 511–521. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-004-5461-9
- Voydanoff, P. (2005a). Work demands and work-to-family and family-to-work conflict: Direct and indirect relationships. Journal of Family Issues, 26(6), 707–726. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X05277516
- Voydanoff, P. (2005b). Toward a conceptualization of perceived work-family fit and balance: A demands and resources approach. Journal of Marriage and Family, 67(4), 822–836. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2005.00178.x
- Ward, K., & Wolf-Wendel, L. (2012). Academic motherhood: How faculty Manage work and family. Rutgers.
- Ward, K., & Wolf-Wendel, L. (2017). Mothering and professing: Critical choices and the academic career. NASPA Journal About Women in Higher Education, 10(3), 229–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/19407882.2017.1351995
- Watanabe, M., & Falci, C. D. (2016). A demands and resources approach to understanding faculty turnover intentions due to work–family balance. Journal of Family Issues, 37(3), 393–415. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X14530972
- Winslow, S. (2010). Gender inequality and time allocations among academic faculty. Gender & Society, 24(6), 769–793. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243210386728
- Wolf-Wendel, L. E., & Ward, K. (2006). Academic life and motherhood: Variations by institutional type. Higher Education, 52(3), 487–521. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-005-0364-4
- Zippel, K., Ferree, M. M., & Zimmerman, K. (2016). Gender equality in German universities: Vernacularizing the battle for the best brains. Gender and Education, 28(7), 867–885. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2015.1123229