472
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Disordered eating and self-objectification in college women: clarifying the roles of spirituality and purpose in life

, , , &
Pages 898-909 | Received 11 Apr 2014, Accepted 29 Jul 2014, Published online: 26 Aug 2014

References

  • Abrams, K. K., Allen, L., & Gray, J. J. (1993). Disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, psychological adjustment, and ethnic identity: A comparison of Black and White female college students. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 14, 49–57. doi:10.1002/1098-108X(199307)14:1<49::AID-EAT2260140107>3.0.CO;2-Z
  • Antonovsky, A. (1993). The structure and properties of the Sense of Coherence Scale. Social Science & Medicine, 36, 725–733. doi:10.1016/0277-9536(93)90033-Z
  • Błażek, M., & Besta, T. (2012). Self-concept clarity and religious orientations: Prediction of purpose in life and self-esteem. Journal of Religion and Health, 51, 947–960. doi:10.1007/s10943-010-9407-y
  • Boyatzis, C. J., Kline, S., & Backof, S. (2007). Experimental evidence that theistic-religious body affirmations improve women's body image. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 46, 553–564. doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2007.00377
  • Boyatzis, C. J., & Quinlan, K. B. (2008). Women's body image, disordered eating, and religion: A critical review of the literature. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, 19, 183–208.
  • Buser, J. K., & Parkins, R. A. (2013). Made this way for a reason: Body satisfaction and spirituality. Adultspan Journal, 12, 24–37. doi:10.1002/j.2161-0029.2013.00013
  • Chandler, C. K., Holden, J. M., & Kolander, C. A. (1992). Counseling for spiritual wellness: Theory and practice. Journal of Counseling & Development, 71, 168–175. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1992.tb02193.x
  • Cottingham, M. E. (2005). Spirituality, personality characteristics, family structure, purpose in life, and anorexia nervosa in college-aged women: Some preliminary findings (Unpublished master's thesis). Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, CA.
  • Debats, D. L. (1990). The Life Regard Index: Reliability and validity. Psychological Reports, 67, 27–34. doi:10.2466/PR0.67.5.27-34
  • Debats, D. L. (1998). Measurement of personal meaning: The psychometric properties of the Life Regard Index. In P. T. P. Wong & P. S. Fry (Eds.), The human quest for meaning (pp. 237–259). London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Ellison, C., & Fan, D. (2008). Daily spiritual experiences and psychological well-being among US adults. Social Indicators Research, 88(2), 247–271. doi:10.1007/s11205-007-9187-2
  • Emmons, R. A., & Paloutzian, R. F. (2003). The psychology of religion. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 377–402. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145024
  • Engelsen, B. K., & Laberg, J. C. (2000). A comparison of three questionnaires (EAT-12, EDI, and EDE-Q) for assessment of eating problems in healthy adolescents. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 55, 129–135. doi:10.1080/08039480151108589
  • Fetzer Institute, National Institute on Aging Working Group. (2003). Multidimensional measurement of religiousness, spirituality for use in health research. Kalamazoo, MI: Author.
  • Fredrickson, B. L., & Roberts, T. A. (1997). Objectification theory: Toward understanding women's lived experiences and mental health risks. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21, 173–206. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00108.x
  • Garner, D. M. (2004). Eating Disorder Inventory-3: Professional manual. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
  • Garner, D. M., Olmsted, M. P., & Polivy, J. (1983). Development and validation of a multidimensional Eating Disorder Inventory for anorexia nervosa and bulimia. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2, 15–34. doi:10.1002/1098-108X(198321)2:2<15::AID-EAT2260020203>3.0CO;2-6
  • Gorsuch, R. L. (1994). Toward motivational theories of intrinsic religious commitment. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 33, 315–325. doi:10.2307/1386491
  • Gorsuch, R. L., & McPherson, S. E. (1989). Intrinsic/extrinsic measurement: I/E-revised and single-item scales. Journal for the Science Study of Religion, 28, 348–354. doi:10.2307/1386745
  • Halvorsen, I., & Heyerdahl, S. (2006). Girls with anorexia nervosa as young adults: Personality, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 39, 285–293. doi:10.1002/eat.20248
  • Harrison, K., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2003). Women's sports media, self-objectification, and mental health in black and white adolescent females. Journal of Communication, 53, 216–232. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2003.tb02587.x
  • Homan, K. J., & Boyatzis, C. J. (2010). The protective role of attachment to God against eating disorder risk factors: Concurrent and prospective evidence. Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment & Prevention, 18, 239–258. doi:10.1080/10640261003719534
  • Homan, K. J., & Cavanaugh, B. N. (2013). Perceived relationship with God fosters positive body image in college women. Journal of Health Psychology, 18, 1529–1539. doi:10.1177/1359105312465911
  • Hudon, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope, H. G., & Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication. Biological Psychiatry, 61, 348–358. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.040
  • Hudspeth, D., Canada, R. M., Lim, M., & Jennings, G. H. (1998). Purpose in life and teenage pregnancy. Family Therapy, 25, 51–59.
  • Jacobs-Pilipski, M., Winzelberg, A., Wilfley, D. E., Bryson, S. W., & Taylor, C. (2005). Spirituality among young women at risk for eating disorders. Eating Behaviors, 6, 293–300. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2005.03.003
  • James, K. A., Phelps, L., & Bross, A. L. (2001). Body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness, and self-esteem in African American college females. Psychology in the Schools, 38, 491–496. doi:10.1002/pits.1037
  • Johnston, A. (1996). Eating in the light of the moon: How women can transform their relationships with food through myths, metaphors, and storytelling. Carlsbad, CA: Gurzë.
  • Kim, K. (2006). Religion, body satisfaction and dieting. Appetite, 46, 285–296. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2006.01.006
  • Koenig, H., Parkerson, G. R., & Meador, K. G. (1997). Religion index for psychiatric research. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 885–886. Retrieved from http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/issues.aspx?JournalID=13
  • Lopez, E., Blix, G. G., & Blix, A. G. (1995). Body image of Latinas compared to body image of non-Latina White women. Health Values: The Journal of Health Behavior, Education & Promotion, 19, 3–10. Retrieved from PsycInfo.
  • Loustalot, F., Wyatt, S. B., Sims, M., Ellison, C. G., Taylor, H. A., & Underwood, L. (2011). Psychometric testing of the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale among African Americans in the Jackson heart study. Journal of Religion and Health, 50, 675–685.
  • Mattis, J. S. (2002). Religion and spirituality in the meaning-making and coping experiences of African American women: A qualitative analysis. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 26, 309–321. doi:10.1111/1471-6402.t01-2-00070
  • McKnight, P. E., & Kashdan, T. B. (2009). Purpose in life as a system that creates and sustains health and well-being: An integrative, testable theory. Review of General Psychology, 13, 242–251. doi:10.1037/a0017152
  • Miller, W. R., & Thoresen, C. E. (2003). Spirituality, religion, and health: An emerging research field. American Psychologist, 58, 24–35. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.58.1.24
  • Morgan, J. F., Marsden, P., & Lacey, J. (2000). ‘Spiritual starvation?’: A case series concerning Christianity and eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 28, 476–480. doi:10.1002/1098-108X(200012)28:4<476::AID-EAT19>3.0.CO;2-T
  • Muehlenkamp, J. L., & Saris-Baglama, R. N. (2002). Self-objectification and its psychological outcomes for college women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 26, 371–379. doi:10.1111/1471-6402.t01-1-00076
  • Musgrave, C. F., Allen, C. E., & Allen, G. J. (2002). Spirituality and health for women of color. American Journal of Public Health, 92, 557–560. doi:10.2105/AJPH.92.4.557
  • Nelson, J. M. (2009). Psychology, religion, and spirituality. In J. M. Nelson (Ed.), Psychology, religion, and spirituality (pp. 311–345). New York, NY: Springer.
  • Noll, S. M. (1996). The relationship between sexual objectification and disordered eating: Correlational and experimental tests of body shame as a mediator (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Duke University, Durham, NC.
  • Noll, S. M., & Fredrickson, B. L. (1998). A mediational model linking self-objectification, body shame, and disordered eating. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 22, 623–636. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.1998.tb00181.x
  • Pargament, K. I., Mahoney, A., Exline, J. J., Jones, J. W., & Shafranske, E. P. (2013). Envisioning an integrative paradigm for the psychology of religion and spirituality. In K. I. Pargament, J. J. Exline, & J. W. Jones (Eds.), APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality (Volume 1: Context, theory, and research) (pp. 3–19). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Park, N., Lee, B. S., Sun, F., Klemmack, D. L., Roff, L. L., & Koenig, H. G. (2013). Typologies of religiousness/spirituality: Implications for health and well-being. Journal of Religion and Health, 52(3), 828–839. doi:10.1007/s10943-011-9520-6
  • Parker, S., Nichter, M., Nichter, M., Vuckovic, N., Sims, C., & Rittenbaugh, C. (1995). Body image and weight concerns among African American and Caucasian adolescent females: Differences that make a difference. Human Organization, 54, 103–114. Retrieved from PsycInfo.
  • Peat, C. M., & Muehlenkamp, J. J. (2011). Self-objectification, disordered eating, and depression: A test of mediational pathways. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 35, 441–450. doi:10.1177/0361684311400389
  • Perez, M., Voelz, Z. R., Pettit, J. W., & Joiner, T. E. Jr. (2002). The role of acculturative stress and body dissatisfaction in predicting bulimic symptomatology across ethnic groups. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 31, 442–454. doi:10.1002/eat.10006
  • Peterson, C. B., & Mitchell, J. E. (1999). Cognitive-behavioral therapy and eating disorders. In R. Lemberg & L. Cohn (Eds.), Eating disorders: A reference sourcebook (pp. 127–132). Phoenix, AZ: Oryx.
  • Pinquart, M., & Fröhlich, C. (2009). Psychosocial resources and subjective well-being of cancer patients. Psychology & Health, 24, 407–421. doi:10.1080/08870440701717009
  • Powell, L. H., Shahabi, L., & Thoresen, C. E. (2003). Religion and spirituality: Linkages to physical health. American Psychologist, 58, 36–52. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.58.1.36
  • Richards, P. S., Hardman, R. K., & Berrett, M. E. (2007). Spiritual approaches in the treatment of women with eating disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/11489-000
  • Rosen, J. C., Silberg, N. T., & Gross, J. (1988). Eating Attitudes Test and Eating Disorders Inventory norms for adolescent girls and boys. Journal of Consulting of Clinical Psychology, 56, 305–308. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.56.2.305
  • Schoemaker, C., van Strien, T., & van der Staak, C. (1994). Validation of the Eating Disorder Inventory in a nonclinical population using transformed and untransformed responses. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 15, 387–393. doi:10.1002/eat.2260150409
  • Seeman, T. E., Dubin, L. F., & Seeman, M. (2003). Religiosity/spirituality and health: A critical review of the evidence for biological pathways. American Psychologist, 58, 53–63. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.58.1.53
  • Shuttlesworth, M. E., & Zotter, D. (2011). Disordered eating in African American and Caucasian women: The role of ethnic identity. Journal of Black Studies, 42, 906–922. doi:10.1177/0021934710396368
  • Slane, J. D., Klump, K. L., McGue, M., & Iacono, W. G. (2014). Developmental trajectories of disordered eating from early adolescence to young adulthood: A longitudinal study. International Journal of Eating Disorders. doi:10.1002/eat.22329
  • Smith, F. T., Hardman, R. K., Richards, P. S., & Fischer, L. (2003). Intrinsic religiousness and spiritual well-being as predictors of treatment outcome among women with eating disorders. Eating Disorders, 11, 15–26. doi:10.1080/10640260390167456-2199
  • Smith, M. H., Richards, P. S., & Maglio, C. J. (2004). Examining the relationship between religious orientation and eating disturbances. Eating Behaviors, 5, 171–180. doi:10.1016/S1471-0153(03)00064-3
  • Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53, 80–93. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80
  • Striegel-Moore, R. H., & Cachelin, F. M. (1999). Body image concerns and disordered eating in adolescent girls: Risk and protective factors. In N. G. Johnson, M. C. Roberts, & J. Worell (Eds.), Beyond appearance: A new look at adolescent girls (pp. 85–108). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Tiggemann, M., & Kuring, J. K. (2004). The role of body objectification in disordered eating and depressed mood. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43, 299–311. doi:10.1348/0144665031752925
  • Tiggemann, M., & Williams, E. (2012). The role of self-objectification in disordered eating, depressed mood, and sexual functioning among women: A comprehensive test of objectification theory. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 36, 66–75. doi:10.1177/0361684311420250
  • Underwood, L. G., & Teresi, J. A. (2002). The Daily Spiritual Experience Scale: Development, theoretical description, reliability, exploratory factor analysis, and preliminary construct validity using health-related data. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 24, 22–33. doi:10.1207/S15324796ABM2401_04
  • Williamson, D. A., Gleaves, D. H., & Stewart, T. M. (2005). Categorical versus dimensional models of eating disorders: An examination of the evidence. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 37, 1–10. doi:10.1002/eat.20074
  • Young, J. S., Cashwell, C. S., & Shcherbakova, J. (2000). The moderating relationship of spirituality on negative life events and psychological adjustment. Counseling and Values, 45, 49–57. doi:10.1002/j.2161-007X.2000.tb00182.x

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.