Spiritual barriers to humility: a multidimensional study

References

• Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1985). Attachment across the lifespan. Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 61, 792–812.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Banai, E., Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2005). “Selfobject” needs in Kohut's self psychology: Links with attachment, self-cohesion, affect regulation, and adjustment. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 22, 224–260. doi:10.1037/0736-9735.22.2.224
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, R. (2006). God as a secure base: Attachment to God and theological exploration. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 34, 125–132.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, R., & McDonald, A. (2004). Attachment to God: The attachment to God inventory, tests of working model correspondence, and an exploration of faith group differences. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 32, 92–103.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bollinger, R. A., & Hill, P. C. (2012). Humility. In T. G. Plante (Ed.), Religion, spirituality, and positive psychology: Understanding the psychological fruits of faith (pp. 31–47). Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger.
   Google Scholar
• Cashwell, C. S., Bentley, P. B., & Yarborough, J. P. (2007). The only way out is through: The peril of spiritual bypass. Counseling and Values, 51, 139–148. doi: 10.1002/j.2161-007X.2007.tb00071.x
   Google Scholar
• Davis, D. E., Worthington, E. L.Jr., & Hook, J. N. (2010). Humility: Review of measurement strategies and conceptualization as a personality judgment. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5, 243–252. doi:10.1080/17439761003791672
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dwiwardani, C., Hill, P. C., Bollinger, R. A., Marks, L. E., Steele, J. R., Doolin, H. N., … Davis, D. E. (2014). Virtues develop for a secure base: Attachment and resilience as predictors of humility, gratitude, and forgiveness. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 42, 83–90.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Exline, J. J., & Hill, P. C. (2012). Humility: A consistent and robust predictor of generosity. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 7(3), 208–218. doi:10.1080/17439760.2012.671348
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flannelly, K. J., Galek, K., Ellison, C. G., & Koenig, H. G. (2010). Beliefs about God, psychiatric symptoms, and evolutionary psychology. Journal of Religion and Health, 49, 246–261. doi: 10.1007/s10943-009-9244-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granqvist, P., & Kirkpatrick, L. A. (2008). Attachment and religious representations and behavior. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (2nd ed., pp. 906–933). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Grubbs, J. B., & Exline, J. J. (2014). Humbling yourself before God: Humility as a reliable predictor of lower divine struggle. Journal of Psychology & Theology, 42(1), 41–49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, T. W., & Edwards, K. E. (2002). The Spiritual Assessment Inventory: A theistic model and measure for assessing spiritual development. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 41, 341–357. doi:10.1111/1468-5906.00121
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, T. W., Reise, S. P., & Haviland, M. G. (2007). An item response theory analysis of the spiritual assessment inventory. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 17, 157–178. doi:10.1080/10508610701244197
   Google Scholar
• Hill, P. C., & Laney, E. K. (in press). Beyond self-interest: Humility and the quieted self. In K. W. Brown and M. R. Leary (Eds.), Oxford handbook of hypo-egoic phenomena: Theory and research on the quiet ego. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hill, P. C., & Pargament, K. I. (2003). Advances in the conceptualization and measurement of religion and spirituality. American Psychologist, 58, 64–74. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.58.1.64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jankowski, P. J., & Sandage, S. J. (2014). Attachment to God and dispositional humility: Indirect effect and conditional effects model. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 42, 70–82.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jankowski, P. J., Sandage, S. J., & Hill, P. C. (2013). Differentiation-based models of forgivingness, mental health and social justice commitment: Mediator effects for differentiation of self and humility. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 8, 412–424. doi:10.1080/17439760.2013.820337
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, J. (2002). Terror and transformation: The ambiguity of religion in psychoanalytic perspective. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Jung, C. G. (1953). On the psychology of the unconscious. In H. Read, M. Fordham, & G. Adler (Eds.), The collected works of C. G. Jung (pp. 3–119). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jung, C. G. (1961). Memories, dreams, reflections. New York, NY: Random House.
   Google Scholar
• Kohut, H. (1971). The analysis of the self. New York, NY: International Universities Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kohut, H. (1977). The restoration of the self. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Krause, N. (2012). Religious involvement, humility, and change in self-rated health over time. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 40(3), 199–210.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald, A., Beck, R., Allison, S., & Norsworthy, L. (2005). Attachment to God and parents: Testing the correspondence vs. compensation hypothesis. Journal of Psychology and Christianity, 24, 21–28.
   Google Scholar
• Mikculincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2007). Attachment and adulthood: Structure, dynamics, and change. New York, NY: Guilford.
   Google Scholar
• Moore, R. (2003). Facing the dragon: Confronting personal and spiritual grandiosity. Wilmette, IL: Chiron Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Paine, D. R., Sandage, S. J., Rupert, D., Devor, N. G., & Bronstein, M. (2015). Humility as a psychotherapeutic virtue: Spiritual, philosophical, and psychological foundations. Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health, 17, 3–25. doi:10.1080/19349637.2015.957611
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pargament, K. I., Koenig, H. G., & Perez, L. M. (2000). The many methods of religious coping: Development and initial validation of the RCOPE. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56, 519–543. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Rowatt, W. C., Kang, L. L., Haggard, M. C., & Labouff, J. P. (2014). A social-personality perspective on humility, religiousness and spirituality. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 42, 31–40.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowatt, W. C., & Kirkpatrick, L. A. (2002). Two dimensions of attachment to God and their relation to affect, religiosity and personality constructs. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 41, 637–651. doi:10.1111/1468-5906.00143
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saint John of the Cross. (1990). Dark night of the soul (E.A. Peers, Trans. and Ed.). New York, NY: Image Books. (Original Work 1577–1578).
   Google Scholar
• Sandage, S. J., & Crabtree, S. (2011). Spiritual pathology and religious coping as predictors of forgiveness. Mental Health, Religion, & Culture, 15, 689–707. doi:10.1080/13674676.2011.613806
   Google Scholar
• Sandage, S. J., & Harden, M. G. (2011). Relational spirituality, differentiation of self, and virtue as predictors of intercultural development. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 14, 819–838. doi:10.1080/13674676.2010.527932
   Google Scholar
• Sandage, S. J., Li, J., Jankowski, P. J., Beilby, M., & Frank, C. (in press). Spiritual predictors of change in intercultural competence in a multicultural psychology course. Journal of Psychology and Christianity.
   Google Scholar
• Sandage, S. J., & Moe, S. P. (2011). Narcissism and spirituality. In W.K. Campbell & J. Miller (Eds.), The handbook of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder: Theoretical approaches, empirical findings, and treatment (pp. 410–420). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Sandage, S. J., & Morgan, J. (2013). Hope and positive religious coping as predictors of social justice commitment. Mental Health, Religion, & Culture, 17, 557–567. doi:10.1080/13674676.2013.864266
   Google Scholar
• Shults, F. L., & Sandage, S. J. (2006). Transforming spirituality: Integrating theology and psychology. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic.
   Google Scholar
• Tangney, J. P. (2000). Humility: Theoretical perspectives, empirical findings and directions for future research. Journal of Clinical and Social Psychology, 19, 70–82. doi:10.1521/jscp.2000.19.1.70
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weil, S. (1970). First and last notebooks. London: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Welwood, J. (2000). Toward a psychology of awakening: Buddhism, psychotherapy, and the path of personal and spiritual transformation. Boston, MA: Shambhala.
   Google Scholar
• Wuthnow, R. (1998). After heaven: Spirituality in America since the 1950s. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar