International tourists’ dark tourism experiences in China: the case of the memorial of the victims of the Nanjing Massacre

References

• Adriaansen, R. J. (2017). Smiling in Auschwitz. The semiotics of instagram selfies at Holocaust memorial sites.
   Google Scholar
• Alvesson, M., & Karreman, D. (2000). Varieties of discourse: On the study of organizations through discourse analysis. Human Relations, 53(9), 1125–1149.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anantamongkolkul, C., Butcher, K., & Wang, Y. (2019). Long-stay tourists: Developing a theory of intercultural integration into the destination neighbourhood. Tourism Management, 74, 144–154. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2019.03.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auschwitz-Birkenau. (2018). Auschwitzmemorial2017 [Museum report]. Retrieved from http://auschwitz.org/en/museum/museum-reports/
   Google Scholar
• Benckendorff, P., Moscardo, G., & Murphy, L. (2006). Visitor perceptions of technology use in tourist attraction experiences. Cutting edge research in tourism: New directions, challenges and applications, School of Management, University of Surrey, UK, June 6–9.
   Google Scholar
• Best, M. (2007). Norfolk Island: Thanatourism, history and visitor emotions. Shima: The International Journal of Research into Island Cultures, 1(2), 30–48.
   Google Scholar
• Bhavnani, K. K., & Phoenix, A. (1994). Shifting identities shifting racisms: A feminism & psychology reader. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Biran, A., Liu, W., Li, G., & Eichhorn, V. (2014). Consuming post-disaster destinations: The case of Sichuan, China. Annals of Tourism Research, 47, 1–17. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2014.03.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biran, A., & Poria, Y. (2012). Re-conceptualising dark tourism. In R. Sharpley & P. R. Stone (Eds.), The contemporary tourism experience: Concepts and consequences (pp. 62–79). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Biran, A., Poria, Y., & Oren, G. (2011). Sought experiences at (dark) heritage sites. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(3), 820–841. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2010.12.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blom, T. (2000). Morbid tourism-a postmodern market niche with an example from Althorp. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift, 54(1), 29–36.
   Google Scholar
• Booth, M. (2014). Dark lands: The grim truth behind the “Scandinavian miracle”. The Guardian, 27.
   Google Scholar
• Braithwaite, D., & Lee, Y. L. (2006). Dark tourism, hate and reconciliation: The Sandakan experience. International Institute for Peace Through Tourism Occasional Paper, 8.
   Google Scholar
• Bristow, R. S., & Newman, M. (2005). Myth vs. fact: An exploration of fright tourism. Paper presented at the In: Bricker, Kelly, comp., ed. 2005. Proceedings of the 2004 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-326. Newtown Square, PA: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station: 215–221.
   Google Scholar
• Callanan, M. A. (2014). Diversity in children’s understanding of death. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 79(1), 142–150. doi: 10.1111/mono.12087
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Caplan, P. (2007). “Never again”: Genocide memorials in Rwanda. Anthropology Today, 23(1), 20–22.
   Google Scholar
• Chang, I. (2014). The rape of Nanking: The forgotten holocaust of World War II. New York: Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• Cheng, M., & Jin, X. (2019). What do Airbnb users care about? An analysis of online review comments. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 76, 58–70.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, M., Wong, A. I., & Prideaux, B. (2017). Political travel constraint: The role of Chinese popular nationalism. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 34(3), 383–397.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, M., & Zhang, G. (2019). When western hosts meet eastern guests: Airbnb hosts’ experience with Chinese outbound tourists. Annals of Tourism Research, 75, 288–303.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• China News. (2017, January 23). The Memorial Hall for the Victims of the Nanjing Massacre broke through 8 million visitors for three consecutive years. Retrieved from http://www.chinanews.com/m/gn/2017/01-11/8120962.shtml
   Google Scholar
• Connell, J. (2017). Shining light on the darkness. Placing tourists within North Korean tourism. Comment on: Desiring the dark:’A taste for the unusual’in North Korean tourism? Current Issues in Tourism, 20(4), 356–362.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooke, S. (2000). Negotiating memory and identity: The Hyde Park Holocaust Memorial, London. Journal of Historical Geography, 26(3), 449–465. doi: 10.1006/jhge.2000.0238
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dann, G. M. (1998). The dark side of tourism. Paris: CIRET-International Center for Research and Studies in Tourism.
   Google Scholar
• Dinçer, M. Z., & Alrawadieh, Z. (2017). Negative word of mouse in the hotel industry: A content analysis of online reviews on luxury hotels in Jordan. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 26(8), 785–804.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and text: Linguistic and intertextual analysis within discourse analysis. Discourse & Society, 3(2), 193–217. doi: 10.1177/0957926592003002004
   Google Scholar
• Fang, Y., Huang, Z., Tu, W., & Wang, K. (2013). Impact of tourism motivation on experience at war memorials: A case study of Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall. Tourism Science, 27(5), 64–75.
   Google Scholar
• Fang, Y., Zhang, S., Mao, L., & Zhang, C. (2011). A study review on the authenticity of overseas educational dark tourism [in Chinese]. Journal of Beijing International Studies University, 5, 32–39.
   Google Scholar
• Fennell, D. A., & Przeclawski, K. (2003). Generating goodwill in tourism through ethical stakeholder interactions. In S. Singh, D. Timothy, & R. K. Dowling (Eds.), Tourism in destination communities (pp. 135–152). Oxford, UK: CABI Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Fisher, C. B., Brunnquell, D. J., Hughes, D. L., Liben, L. S., Maholmes, V., Plattner, S., … Susman, E. J. (2013). Preserving and enhancing the responsible conduct of research involving children and youth: A response to proposed changes in federal regulations. Society for Research in Child Development, 27(1), 3–15.
   Google Scholar
• Foley, M., & Lennon, J. J. (1996). JFK and dark tourism: A fascination with assassination. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 2(4), 198–211. doi: 10.1080/13527259608722175
   Google Scholar
• Glaser, B. G., Strauss, A. L., & Strutzel, E. (1968). The discovery of grounded theory; strategies for qualitative research. Nursing Research, 17(4), 364–364. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson, J. C. (2000). War as a tourist attraction: The case of Vietnam. International Journal of Tourism Research, 2(4), 269–280.
   Google Scholar
• Hodalska, M. (2017). Selfies at horror sites: Dark tourism, Ghoulish Souvenirs and digital narcissism. Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, 230(2), 405–423.
   Google Scholar
• Hookway, N. (2008). Entering the blogosphere‘: Some strategies for using blogs in social research. Qualitative Research, 8(1), 91–113. doi: 10.1177/1468794107085298
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibrahim, A. (2014). Body without organs: Notes on Deleuze & Guattari, critical race theory and the socius of anti-racism. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 36(1), 13–26. doi: 10.1080/01434632.2014.892498
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isaac, R. K., & Çakmak, E. (2014). Understanding visitor’s motivation at sites of death and disaster: The case of former transit camp Westerbork, the Netherlands. Current Issues in Tourism, 17(2), 164–179.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang, E.-J., Scott, N., Lee, T. J., & Ballantyne, R. (2012). Benefits of visiting a ‘dark tourism’ site: The case of the Jeju April 3rd Peace Park, Korea. Tourism Management, 33(2), 257–265.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelman, H. C. (1997). Nationalism, patriotism, and national identity: Social-psychological dimensions. In D. Bar-Tal & E. Staub (Eds.), Patriotism in the life of individuals and nations (pp. 165–189). Chicago, IL, US: Nelson-Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Kerr, M. M., & Price, R. H. (2018). “I know the plane crashed”: Children’s perspectives in dark tourism. In P. R. Stone, R. Hartmann, T. Seaton, R. Sharpley, & L. White (Eds.), The Palgrave handbook of dark tourism studies (pp. 553–583). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Kerr, M. M., Price, R. H., Savine, C. D., Ifft, K., & McMullen, M. A. (2017). Interpreting terrorism: learning from children’s visitor comments. Journal of Interpretation Research, 22(1), 83–100.
   Google Scholar
• Khoo-Lattimore, C. (2015). Kids on board: Methodological challenges, concerns and clarifications when including young children’s voices in tourism research. Current Issues in Tourism, 18(9), 845–858. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2015.1049129
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiyimba, N., Lester, J. N., & O’Reilly, M. (2018). Understanding naturally occurring data. In N. Kiyimba, J. N. Lester, & M. O’Reilly (Eds.), Using naturally occurring data in qualitative health research: A practical guide (pp. 19–33). London: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Knudsen, B. (2011). Thanatourism: Witnessing difficult pasts. Tourist Studies, 11(1), 55–72.
   Google Scholar
• Kozinets, R. V. (2010). Netnography: Doing ethnographic research online. London: Sage publications.
   Google Scholar
• Krakover, S. (2005). Attitudes of Israeli visitors Towards the Holocaust remembrance site of Yad Vashem. In G. Ashworth & R. Hartmann (Eds.), Horror and human tragedy revisited: The management of sites of atrocities for tourism (pp. 108–117). New York: Cognizant Communication Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Krisjanous, J. (2016). An exploratory multimodal discourse analysis of dark tourism websites: Communicating issues around contested sites. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 5(4), 341–350. doi: 10.1016/j.jdmm.2016.07.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laing, J. H., & Frost, W. (2019). Presenting narratives of empathy through dark commemorative exhibitions during the Centenary of World War One. Tourism Management, 74, 190–199.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langer, R., Elliott, R., & Beckman, S. C. (2005). Sensitive research topics: Netnography revisited. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 8(2), 189–203. doi:10.1108/13522750510592454
   Google Scholar
• Lennon, J., & Continuum, M. F. (2002). Dark tourism: The attraction of death and disaster. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(4), 1188–1189.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lennon, J. J., & Foley, M. (1999). Interpretation of the unimaginable: The US Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC, and “dark tourism”. Journal of Travel Research, 38(1), 46–50.
   Google Scholar
• Light, D. (1995). Visitors’ use of interpretive media at heritage sites. Leisure Studies, 14(2), 132–149. doi: 10.1080/02614369500390111
   Google Scholar
• Light, D. (2017). Progress in dark tourism and thanatourism research: An uneasy relationship with heritage tourism. Tourism Management, 61, 275–301. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2017.01.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lill, E. (2017). The influence of tourist performances at dark tourism sites. The selfie-phenomenon at holocaust memorials. New York: GRIN Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• MacCannell, D. (2013). The tourist: A new theory of the leisure class. California: Univ of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Martini, A., & Buda, D. M. (2018). Dark tourism and affect: Framing places of death and disaster. Current Issues in Tourism, 1–14. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2018.1518972
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKercher, B., Weber, K., & du Cros, H. (2008). Rationalising inappropriate behaviour at contested sites. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16(4), 369–385. doi: 10.1080/09669580802154165
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miles, A. (2011). When Disaster Strikes, Remember: This Is Not Your Drama, 31.03.2011, New Statesman [http://www.newstatesman.com/international-politics/2011/03/tourism-japan-tsunami-million]. Accessed 1 November 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Miles, S. (2014). Battlefield sites as dark tourism attractions: An analysis of experience. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 9(2), 134–147. doi: 10.1080/1743873x.2013.871017
   Google Scholar
• Miles, W. F. (2002). Auschwitz: Museum interpretation and darker tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(4), 1175–1178.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mkono, M. (2018). ‘Troll alert!’: Provocation and harassment in tourism and hospitality social media. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(7), 791–804. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2015.1106447
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moscardo, G., & Ballantyne, R. (2008). Interpretation and attractions. In A. Fyall, B. Garrod, A. Leask, & S. Wanhill (Eds.), Managing visitor attractions: New directions (pp. 237–252). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
   Google Scholar
• Nawijn, J., & Fricke, M.-C. (2015). Visitor emotions and behavioral intentions: The case of Concentration Camp Memorial Neuengamme. International Journal of Tourism Research, 17(3), 221–228. doi: 10.1002/jtr.1977
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payne, E. (2015). Trips to disaster sites where rescuers are still retrieving bodies, Tours of Fukushima and selfies during the Sydney Siege: The ominous rise of Dark Tourism. The Daily Mail.
   Google Scholar
• Poria, Y., & Timothy, D. J. (2014). Where are the children in tourism research? Annals of Tourism Research, 47, 93–95. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2014.03.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potter, J., & Wetherell, M. (1987). Discourse and social psychology: Beyond attitudes and behaviour. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Price, R. H., & Kerr, M. M. (2018). Child’s play at war memorials: Insights from a social media debate. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 13(2), 167–180.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, C., & Stone, P. (2014). Dark tourism and dark heritage: Emergent themes, issues and consequences. In I. Convery, G. Corsane, & P. Davies (Eds.), Displaced heritage: Responses to disaster, trauma and loss (pp. 9–18). Woodbridge: Boydell Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rojek, C. (1993). Ways of escape: Modern transformations in leisure and travel. London: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Seaton, A. (2009). Purposeful otherness: Approaches to the management of thanatourism. In R. Sharpley & P. R. Stone (Eds.), The darker side of travel: The theory and practice of dark tourism (pp. 75–108). Bristol: Channel View.
   Google Scholar
• Seaton, A., & Lennon, J. J. (2004). Thanatourism in the early 21st century: Moral panics, ulterior motives and alterior desires. In T. V. Singh (Ed.), New horizons in tourism: Strange experiences and stranger practices (pp. 63–82). Cambridge: CABI Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Sharpley, R. (2012). Towards an understanding of ‘genocide tourism’: An analysis of visitors’ accounts of their experience of recent genocide sites. In R. Sharply & P. Stone (Eds.), Contemporary tourist experience: Concepts and consequences (pp. 95–109). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Sidaway, J. D. (2016). Deathscapes: Spaces for death, dying, mourning and remembrance. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Slade, P. (2003). Gallipoli thanatourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(4), 779–794. doi: 10.1016/s0160-7383(03)00025-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Small, J. (2008). The absence of childhood in tourism studies. Annals of Tourism Research, 35(3), 772–789. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2008.06.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sohu. (2017, December 14). National Public Festival, Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall, let us remember history and cherish peace: Museum Design Planning. Retrieved from http://www.sohu.com/a/210489997_426674
   Google Scholar
• Song, Z., Zhang, G., & Li, S. (2019). Is dark tourism all darkness? A group comparison study of tourist experience based on UGC. Tourism Tribune, 34(5), 90–104.
   Google Scholar
• Stone, P. (2005). Dark tourism consumption-A call for research. E-Review of Tourism Research (eRTR), 3(5), 109–117.
   Google Scholar
• Stone, P. (2006). A dark tourism spectrum: Towards a typology of death and macabre related tourist sites, attractions and exhibitions. Turizam: međunarodni znanstveno-stručni časopis, 54(2), 145–160.
   Google Scholar
• Stone, P. (2009). Dark tourism: Morality and new moral spaces. In R. Sharpley & P. R. Stone (Eds.), The darker side of travel: The theory and practice of dark tourism (pp. 56–72). Bristol: Channel View.
   Google Scholar
• Stone, P. (2010). Death, dying and dark tourism in contemporary society: A theoretical and empirical analysis. Lancashire: University of Central Lancashire.
   Google Scholar
• Stone, P. (2011). Dark tourism and the cadaveric carnival: Mediating life and death narratives at Gunther von Hagens’ Body Worlds. Current Issues in Tourism, 14(7), 685–701.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone, P. (2012). Dark tourism and significant other death. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(3), 1565–1587. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2012.04.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone, P. (2013). Dark tourism scholarship: A critical review. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7(3), 307–318.
   Google Scholar
• Stone, P. (2016). Enlightening the ‘dark’in dark tourism. Interpretation Journal, 21(2), 22.
   Google Scholar
• Stone, P., & Biran, A. (2013). Dark tourism scholarship: A critical review. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7(3), 307–318. doi:10.1108/ijcthr-06-2013-0039
   Google Scholar
• Stone, P., & Sharpley, R. (2008). Consuming dark tourism: A thanatological perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 35(2), 574–595. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2008.02.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strange, C., & Kempa, M. (2003). Shades of dark tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(2), 386–405. doi: 10.1016/s0160-7383(02)00102-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strauss, A. L. (1987). Qualitative analysis for social scientists. Cambridge: Cambridge university press.
   Google Scholar
• Sutcliffe, K., & Kim, S. (2014). Understanding children’s engagement with interpretation at a cultural heritage museum. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 9(4), 332–348. doi: 10.1080/1743873x.2014.924952
   Google Scholar
• Tarlow, P. (2005). Dark tourism: The appealing ‘dark’side of tourism and more. In M. Novelli (Ed.), Niche tourism: Contemporary issues, trends and cases (pp. 47–57). In: Oxford: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Tripadvisor. (2019). Our guidelines for traveller reviews. Retrieved November 11, 2019, from https://www.tripadvisorsupport.com/hc/en-au/articles/200614797-Our-guidelines-for-traveller-reviews
   Google Scholar
• UNESCO. (2015). Memory of the world. Retrieved from http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/flagship-project-activities/memory-of-the-world/register/access-by-year/New-inscriptions-on-the-International-Memory-of-the-World-Register-(2014-2015)
   Google Scholar
• Uni, A. (2014). Israeli teens need to stop with the Auschwitz selfies. Retrieved from http://www.vocativ.com/world/israel-world/pretty-girls-auschwitz/
   Google Scholar
• Wagner, M. (2015). SEE IT: Kids play on Vietnam Women’s Memorial in Washington, treat it ‘like a jungle gym’ – In front of veterans. New York Daily News. Retrieved from http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/kids-play-vietnam-women-memorial-vets-glare-article-1.2162849
   Google Scholar
• Watson, T. J. (1994). Management “flavours of the month”: Their role in managers' lives. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 5(4), 893–909.
   Google Scholar
• Weaver, D., Tang, C., Shi, F., Huang, M.-F., Burns, K., & Sheng, A. (2018). Dark tourism, emotions, and postexperience visitor effects in a sensitive geopolitical context: A Chinese case study. Journal of Travel Research, 57(6), 824–838. doi: 10.1177/0047287517720119
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wight, A. C., & Lennon, J. J. (2007). Selective interpretation and eclectic human heritage in Lithuania. Tourism Management, 28(2), 519–529.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, J. Z. (2008). Prison: Cultural memory and dark tourism. London: Peter Langer.
   Google Scholar
• Woods, B., & Moscardo, G. (2003). Enhancing wildlife education through mindfulness. Australian Journal of Environmental Education, 19, 97–108.
   Google Scholar
• Wu, H.-C., & Cheng, C.-C. (2018). What drives supportive intentions towards a dark tourism site? International Journal of Tourism Research, 20(4), 458–474. doi: 10.1002/jtr.2196
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, M.-Y., & Pearce, P. L. (2014). Appraising netnography: Towards insights about new markets in the digital tourist era. Current Issues in Tourism, 17(5), 463–474. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2013.833179
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiang, Z., Schwartz, Z., Gerdes, J. H., & Uysal, M. (2015). What can big data and text analytics tell us about hotel guest experience and satisfaction? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 44, 120–130. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2014.10.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie, Y., & Sun, J. (2018). How does embodiment work in dark tourism “field”? Based on visitors’ experience in memorial hall of the victims in Nanjing Massacre. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 4(1), 110–122.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan, B.-J., Zhang, J., Zhang, H.-L., Lu, S.-J., & Guo, Y.-R. (2016). Investigating the motivation–experience relationship in a dark tourism space: A case study of the Beichuan earthquake relics. China. Tourism Management, 53, 108–121. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2015.09.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, G., Cui, R., Cheng, M., Zhang, Q., & Li, Z. (2019). A comparison of key attributes between peer-to-peer accommodations and hotels using online reviews. Current Issues in Tourism, 1–8. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2019.1575339
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H., Yang, Y., Zheng, C., & Zhang, J. (2016). Too dark to revisit? The role of past experiences and intrapersonal constraints. Tourism Management, 54, 452–464. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2016.01.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, S., & Timothy, D. J. (2015). Governance of red tourism in China: Perspectives on power and guanxi. Tourism Management, 46, 489–500. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2014.08.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng, C., Zhang, J., Qian, L., Zhang, H., & Nian, S. (2016). Research on the differentiation of dark tourists’ behavioral intention: A case study of the memorial of the victims of the Nanjing Massacre. Resources Science, 38(9), 1663–1671.
   Google Scholar
• Zheng, C., Zhang, J., Zhang, H., & Qian, L. (2017). Exploring sub-dimensions of intrapersonal constraints to visiting “dark tourism” sites: A comparison of participants and non-participants. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 22(1), 21–33.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zubek, E. B. (2014). The world’s 10 most important memorial museums. Retrieved from http://theculturetrip.com/asia/articles/the-world-s-10-most-important-memorial-musems/
   Google Scholar